The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Iran:

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

–

sovereign country A sovereign state or sovereign country, is a political entity represented by one central government that has supreme legitimate authority over territory. International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population, defined terr ...

located in

Southwest Asia Western Asia, West Asia, or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost subregion of the larger geographical region of Asia, as defined by some academics, UN bodies and other institutions. It is almost entirely a part of the Middle East, and includes Ana ...

and the

Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (Europ ...

. Iran is bound by the Gulf of Oman and the

Persian Gulf The Persian Gulf ( fa, خلیج فارس, translit=xalij-e fârs, lit=Gulf of Fars, ), sometimes called the ( ar, اَلْخَلِيْجُ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia. The bod ...

to the south and the

Caspian Sea The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia; east of the Caucasus, west of the broad steppe of Central Asia ...

to its north. Shi'a Islam is the official religion, and

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

is the official language. Iran's population is about 83,500,000; and is the 18th largest country in the world in terms of area at . Iran is home to one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with historical and urban settlements dating back to 4000 BC.Xinhua, "New evidence: modern civilization began in Iran", 10 August 2007
retrieved 1 October 2007
retrieved 1 October 2007 Iranian.ws, "Archaeologists: Modern civilization began in Iran based on new evidence", 12 August 2007
retrieved 1 October 2007 Throughout history, Iran has been of

geostrategic Geostrategy, a subfield of geopolitics, is a type of foreign policy guided principally by geographical factors as they inform, constrain, or affect political and military planning. As with all strategies, geostrategy is concerned with matching m ...

importance because of its central location in

Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago ...

and is a

regional power In international relations, since the late 20thcentury, the term "regional power" has been used for a sovereign state that exercises significant power within a given geographical region.Joachim Betz, Ian Taylor"The Rise of (New) Regional Pow ...

.parliament.uk, "Select Committee on Foreign Affairs, Eighth Report, Iran
retrieved 1 October 2007
, retrieved 1 October 2007 The political system of Iran, based on the 1979

Constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these princ ...

, comprises several intricately connected governing bodies. The highest state authority is the Supreme Leader, currently

Ayatollah Ayatollah ( ; fa, آیت‌الله, āyatollāh) is an honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy in Iran and Iraq that came into widespread usage in the 20th century. Etymology The title is originally derived from Arabic word p ...

Ali Khamenei.

General reference

Pronunciation Pronunciation is the way in which a word or a language is spoken. This may refer to generally agreed-upon sequences of sounds used in speaking a given word or language in a specific dialect ("correct pronunciation") or simply the way a particular ...

: * Common English country name:

, archaic

Persia Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

* Official English country name: The

Islamic Republic of Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

* Common endonym(s): * Official endonym(s): * Adjectival(s):

Iranian Iranian may refer to: * Iran, a sovereign state * Iranian peoples, the speakers of the Iranian languages. The term Iranic peoples is also used for this term to distinguish the pan ethnic term from Iranian, used for the people of Iran * Iranian lan ...

* Demonym(s): *

Etymology Etymology ()The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the study of the class in words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time". is the study of the history of the Phonological chan ...

: Name of Iran *

International rankings of Iran The following are international rankings for Iran: Agriculture Communication and information technology Demographics Economy Education Energy Environment and ecology General Globalization Health History and culture ...

** 18th largest country ** 17th most populous country *

ISO country codes ISO 3166-1 (''Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes'') is a standard defining codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. It ...

: IR, IRN, 364 *

ISO region codes ISO 3166-2 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for identifying the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. The ...

: See ISO 3166-2:IR *

Internet The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, pub ...

country code top-level domain A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a country code. All ASCII ccTLD identifiers are two letters long, and all ...

.ir .ir is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Iran. It is managed by the Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences. Second-level domains * .ir – public * .ac.ir – academic (tertiary education and research est ...

Geography of Iran

Geography of Iran Geographically, the country of Iran is located in West Asia and borders the Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Gulf of Oman. Topographically, it is predominantly located on the Persian Plateau. Its mountains have impacted both the political and the ...

* Iran is: a

country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, sovereign state, while ...

* Location: ** Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere **

***

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...

****

***

****

Iranian plateau The Iranian plateau or Persian plateau is a geological feature in Western Asia, Central Asia, and South Asia. It comprises part of the Eurasian Plate and is wedged between the Arabian Plate and the Indian Plate; situated between the Zagros ...

**** Armenian highlands **

Caucasus The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia (country), Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range ...

(partly) **

Time zone A time zone is an area which observes a uniform standard time for legal, commercial and social purposes. Time zones tend to follow the boundaries between countries and their subdivisions instead of strictly following longitude, because it ...

Iran Standard Time Iran Standard Time (IRST) or Iran Time (IT) is the time zone used in Iran. Iran uses a UTC offset UTC+03:30. IRST is defined by the 52.5 degrees east meridian, the same meridian which defines the Iranian calendar and is the official meridian of ...

UTC+03:30,

Iran Daylight Time Iran Standard Time (IRST) or Iran Time (IT) is the time zone used in Iran. Iran uses a UTC offset UTC+03:30. IRST is defined by the 52.5 degrees east meridian, the same meridian which defines the Iranian calendar and is the official meridian of ...

UTC+04:30 ** Extreme points of Iran *** High:

Damavand Mount Damavand ( fa, دماوند ) is a dormant stratovolcano, the highest peak in Iran and Western Asia and the highest volcano in Asia and the 2nd highest volcano in the Eastern Hemisphere (after Mount Kilimanjaro), at an elevation of . ...

*** Low:

** Land boundaries: 5,440 km :: 1,458 km :: 992 km :: 950 km :: 950 km :: 611 km :: 499 km :: 35 km :* Coastline: 2,440 km

also borders the

, a remnant of the ancient Paratethys Sea. *

Population of Iran Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using a ...

: 79,966,230 people (2017 estimate) - 18th most populous country * Area of Iran: - 18th largest country * Atlas of Iran

Environment of Iran

Environment of Iran Environmental issues in Iran include, especially in urban areas, vehicle emissions, refinery operations, and industrial effluents which contribute to poor air quality. A report by the United Nations Environment Programme ranked Iran at 117th place ...

* Climate of Iran * Environmental issues in Iran * Renewable energy in Iran *

Geology of Iran The main points that are discussed in the geology of Iran include the study of the geological and structural units or zones; stratigraphy; magmatism and igneous rocks; ophiolite series and ultramafic rocks; and orogenic events in Iran. Geological ...

List of earthquakes in Iran Iran is one of the most seismically active countries in the world, being crossed by several major faults that cover at least 90% of the country. As a result, earthquakes in Iran occur often and are destructive. Geology and history The Iranian ...

* Protected areas of Iran ** Biosphere reserves in Iran ** National parks of Iran * Wildlife of Iran **

Fauna of Iran The wildlife of Iran include the fauna and flora of Iran. One of the most famous wildlife of Iran is the critically endangered Asiatic cheetah (''Acinonyx jubatus venaticus''), which today survives only in Iran. History The wildlife of Iran first ...

*** Birds of Iran *** Mammals of Iran

Natural geographic features of Iran

* Glaciers of Iran: None * Islands of Iran *

Lakes of Iran A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, and distinct from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, although, like the much larger ...

* Mountains of Iran ** Volcanoes in Iran * Rivers of Iran ** Waterfalls of Iran * Valleys of Iran * List of World Heritage Sites in Iran

Regions of Iran

Ecoregions of Iran

List of ecoregions in Iran

Administrative divisions of Iran

Administrative divisions of Iran *

Provinces of Iran Iran is subdivided into thirty-one provinces ( fa, استان ''ostân''), each governed from a local centre, usually the largest local city, which is called the capital (Persian: , '' markaz'') of that province. The provincial authority is h ...

Counties of Iran Iran's counties (''shahrestan'', fa, شهرستان, also romanized as ''šahrestân'') are administrative divisions of larger provinces A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives ...

*** Municipalities of Iran

= Provinces of Iran

= Counties of Iran

= Municipalities of Iran

= Municipalities of Iran *

Cities of Iran This is a list of cities in Iran, categorized by province. The census years listed below comes from the Statistical Center of Iran; since the year 2006 the country of Iran has had a census every 5 years. The cities that are bold are capitals of pro ...

** Capital of Iran:

Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...

Demography of Iran

Demographics of Iran Demography () is the statistical study of populations, especially human beings. Demographic analysis examines and measures the dimensions and dynamics of populations; it can cover whole societies or groups defined by criteria such as ed ...

Government and politics of Iran

Politics of Iran The politics of Iran takes place in the framework of an Islamic theocracy which was formed following the overthrow of Iran's millennia-long monarchy by the 1979 Iranian Islamic Revolution. Iran's system of government (''nezam'') has been d ...

* Form of government: Islamic republic * Capital of Iran:

Elections in Iran Iran elects on national level a head of state and the head of government (the president), a legislature (the Majlis), and an "Assembly of Experts" (which elects the Supreme Leader). City and Village Council elections are also held every four yea ...

* Political parties in Iran *

Taxation in Iran Taxation in Iran is levied and collected by the Iranian National Tax Administration under the Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs of the Government of Iran. In 2008, about 55% of the government's budget came from oil and natural gas reve ...

Branches of the government of Iran

Government of Iran

Executive branch of the government of Iran

Assembly of Experts The Assembly of Experts ( fa, مجلس خبرگان رهبری, majles-e khobregân-e rahbari), also translated as the Assembly of Experts of the Leadership or as the Council of Experts, is the deliberative body empowered to appoint the Supreme ...

** Elects the Supreme Leader ** Has the constitutional authority to remove the Supreme Leader from power at any time ** Supervises the Supreme Leader in the performance of legal duties *

Head of state A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state Foakes, pp. 110–11 " he head of statebeing an embodiment of the State itself or representatitve of its international persona." in its unity and l ...

Supreme Leader of Iran The Supreme Leader of Iran ( fa, رهبر ایران, rahbar-e irān) is the head of state of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Supreme Leader directs the executive system and judicial system of the Islamic theocratic government and is the co ...

, Ali Khamenei *

Head of government The head of government is the highest or the second-highest official in the executive branch of a sovereign state, a federated state, or a self-governing colony, autonomous region, or other government who often presides over a cabinet, ...

President of Iran The president of Iran ( fa, رئیس‌جمهور ایران, Rayis Jomhur-e Irān) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The president is the second highest-ranking official of Iran after the Supreme Leader. The president ...

Ebrahim Raisi Sayyid Ebrahim Raisolsadati ( fa, سید ابراهیم رئیس‌الساداتی; born 14 December 1960), commonly known as Ebrahim Raisi ( fa, ابراهیم رئیسی ), is an Iranian principlist politician, Muslim jurist, and the eight ...

Vice President of Iran The vice president of Iran ( fa, معاون رئیس‌جمهور ایران) is defined by article 124 of the Constitution of Iran, as anyone appointed by the president of Iran to lead an organization related to presidential affairs. , there are ...

- anyone appointed by the

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...

to lead an organization related to presidential affairs. There are currently 10 Vice Presidents in Iran: *#First Vice President, Eshaq Jahangiri *#Vice President and Head of Atomic Energy Organization of Iran,

Ali Akbar Salehi Ali Akbar Salehi ( fa, علی‌اکبر صالحی, ; born 24 March 1949) is an Iranian academic, diplomat and former head of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, who served in this position from 2009 to 2010 and also from 2013 to 2021. He se ...

*#Vice President and Head of Environmental Protection Organization, Masoumeh Ebtekar *#Vice President and Head of Management and Planning Organization, Mohammad Bagher Nobakht *#Vice President for Executive Affairs,

Mohammad Shariatmadari Mohammad Shariatmadari (born 24 June 1960) is an Iranian politician and former Minister of Cooperatives, Labour and Social Welfare. He was in position of minister of Industry, from 2017 to 2018. He also served as minister of commerce from 1997 to ...

*#Vice President for Science and Technology and Head of Iran's National Elites Foundation, Sorena Sattari *#Vice President for Legal Affairs, Elham Aminzadeh *#Vice President for Parliamentary Affairs,

Majid Ansari Majid Ansari ( fa, مجید انصاری; born in 1954 in Khanuk, Kerman Province) is an Iranian politician and cleric. He is currently member of the Expediency Discernment Council. He was formerly Vice President for Legal Affairs from July 12, ...

*#Vice President for International Affairs, Akbar Torkan *#Vice President and Head of

Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs The Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs ( fa, بنیاد شهید و امور ایثارگران ''Bonyad Shahid va Omur-e Ithargaran'') is an Iranian foundation that receives its funding directly from the national budget. Amir-Hossein Ghaz ...

, Mohammad-Ali Shahidi *#Vice President and Head of

Cultural Heritage, Handcrafts and Tourism Organization Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicraft Organization ( fa, وزارت میراث فرهنگی، گردشگری و صنایع دستی ایران, ''Vâzart-e Miras-e Ferhengi-ye, Gârdâshigâri-ye vâ Sânai'-ye Dâsti-ye Iran'') is ...

Mohammad-Ali Najafi Mohammad-Ali Najafi ( fa, محمدعلی نجفی; born 13 January 1952) is an Iranian mathematician and reformist politician who was the Mayor of Tehran, serving in the post for eight months, until April 2018. He held cabinet portfolios during ...

*#Vice President for Women and Family Affairs, Shahindokht Molaverdi * Council of Ministers of Iran *# Ministry of Agricultural, Mahmoud Hojjati *# Ministry of Communications and Information Technology,

Mahmoud Vaezi Mahmoud Vaezi ( fa, محمود واعظی, born 22 May 1952) is an Iranian engineer, politician and former diplomat. He was minister of communication from 2013 until 2017 and chief of staff of the president of Iran from 2017 to 2021. He obtaine ...

*# Minister of Cooperatives, Mohammad Abbasi *# Minister of Culture and Islamic Guidance, Ali Jannati *# Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics, Hossein Dehghan *# Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, Ali Tayebnia *#

Ministry of Education An education ministry is a national or subnational government agency politically responsible for education. Various other names are commonly used to identify such agencies, such as Ministry of Education, Department of Education, and Ministry of Pub ...

, Ali Asghar Fani *#

Ministry of Energy A Ministry of Energy or Department of Energy is a government department in some countries that typically oversees the production of fuel and electricity; in the United States, however, it manages nuclear weapons development and conducts energy-rel ...

, Hamid Chitchian *# Ministry of Foreign Affairs,

Mohammad Javad Zarif Mohammad Javad Zarif Khansari ( fa, محمدجواد ظریف خوانساری, Mohammad-Javād Zarīf Khānsāri ; ; born 8 January 1960) is an Iranian career diplomat and academic. He was the foreign minister of Iran from 2013 until 2021 in th ...

Minister of Health and Medical Education The Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) has executive responsibility for health and medical education within the Iranian government. The MOHME comprises five departments headed by deputy ministers: # Research and Technology #Educati ...

, Hassan Hashemi *# Ministry of Industries and Business,

Mohammadreza Nematzadeh Mohammad Reza Nematzadeh ( fa, محمدرضا نعمت‌زاده, born 9 July 1945, in Tabriz)is an Iranian politician who was minister of industry of Iran since he was approved by the Iranian parliament on 15 August 2013 until 20 August 2017. E ...

*# Ministry of Intelligence and National Security, Mahmoud Alavi *#

Ministry of Interior An interior ministry (sometimes called a ministry of internal affairs or ministry of home affairs) is a government department that is responsible for internal affairs. Lists of current ministries of internal affairs Named "ministry" * Ministry ...

, Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli *# Ministry of Justice (Iran), Mostafa Pour Mohammadi *# Minister of Labour and Social Affairs, Ali Rabei *# Ministry of Petroleum,

Bijan Namdar Zanganeh Bijan Namdar Zangeneh ( fa, بيژن نامدار زنگنه; born 21 September 1952) is an Iranian politician, who served as minister, at different cabinets after the Islamic Revolution, for 30 years. He lately served as Minister of Petroleum f ...

*# Minister of Science, Research, and Technology, Reza Faraji Dana *# Ministry of Transportation and Housing, Abbas Ahmad Akhoundi *#

Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports The Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports is a branch of the Government of India which administers the Department of youth affairs and the Department of Sports in India. Anurag Thakur is the current Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports followed ...

Mahmoud Goudarzi Mahmoud Goudarzi ( fa, محمود گودرزی, born c. 1955) is an Iranian politician and former wrestler. He had served as the Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports of Iran from 17 November 2013 until 19 October 2016. Career From 1969 to 1978 ...

Legislative branch of the government of Iran

Majlis of Iran The Islamic Consultative Assembly ( fa, مجلس شورای اسلامی, Majles-e Showrā-ye Eslāmī), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the national legislative body of Iran. The P ...

(

unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature, which consists of one house or assembly, that legislates and votes as one. Unicameral legislatures exist when there is no widely perceived need for multi ...

parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: representing the electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. Th ...

) ** drafts legislation ** ratifies international treaties ** approves the national budget * Guardian Council ** 12 members *** 6 appointed by the Supreme Leader *** 6 elected by the Majlis ** Powers and responsibilities: *** Supervises elections *** Approves or rejects candidates for president, Majlis, and the Assembly of Experts *** Reviews all bills passed by the Majlis for constitutionality and compatibility with Islamic law, and approves or vetoes them *

Expediency Discernment Council The Expediency Discernment Council of the System ( fa, مجمع تشخیص مصلحت نظام ''Majma'-e Taškhīs-e Maslahat-e Nezām'') is an administrative assembly appointed by the Supreme Leader and was created upon the revision to the Co ...

** Appointed by Supreme Leader ** Main purpose is to mediate disputes between the Majlis and the Council of Guardians ** Also serves as an advisory board to the Supreme Leader

Judicial branch of the government of Iran

Judicial system of Iran * Supreme Court of Iran *

Special Clerical Court Special Clerical Court, or Special Court for Clerics ( fa, دادگاه ویژه روحانیت) is a special Iranian court system for prosecuting Islamic clergymen and scholars accused of improper activity and conduct unbecoming of a cleric. The ...

- for trying Muslim

cleric Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrines and practices. Some of the ter ...

s, and accountable only to the Supreme Leader

Foreign relations of Iran

Foreign relations of Iran The foreign relations of Iran are the economic and diplomatic relationships between the Iranian government and governments of other countries. Geography is a very significant factor in informing Iran's foreign policy. Following the 1979 Iranian ...

* Iran-Arab relations * Diplomatic missions in Iran *

Diplomatic missions of Iran This is a list of diplomatic missions of Iran. Iran has a substantial diplomatic network, reflecting its foreign affairs priorities within the Islamic and Non-Aligned world. In Washington, D.C. the Embassy of Pakistan looks after the interests o ...

International organization membership

International organization membership of Iran The Islamic Republic of Iran is a member of: *

Colombo Plan The Colombo Plan is a regional intergovernmental organization that began operations on 1 July 1951. The organization was conceived at an international conference, The Commonwealth Conference on Foreign Affairs held in Colombo, Ceylon (now Sri L ...

(CP) *

Economic Cooperation Organization The Economic Cooperation Organization or ECO is an Asian political and economic intergovernmental organization that was founded in 1985 in Tehran by the leaders of Iran, Pakistan, and Turkey. It provides a platform to discuss ways to improve de ...

(ECO) *

Food and Agriculture Organization The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)french: link=no, Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture; it, Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'Alimentazione e l'Agricoltura is an intern ...

(FAO) *

Group of 15 The Group of 15 (G-15)Thofficial website adopts the "G-15" orthography (with a hyphen) in order to distinguish an abbreviated reference to this group -- contrasts with other similarly named entities. is an informal forum set up to foster coopera ...

(G15) *

Group of 24 The Intergovernmental Group of Twenty-Four on International Monetary Affairs and Development, or The Group of 24 (G-24) was established in 1971 as a chapter of the Group of 77 in order to help coordinate the positions of developing countries on ...

(G24) * Group of 77 (G77) * International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) * International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) *

International Chamber of Commerce The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC; French: ''Chambre de commerce internationale'') is the largest, most representative business organization in the world. Its over 45 million members in over 100 countries have interests spanning every sec ...

(ICC) *

International Civil Aviation Organization The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO, ) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that coordinates the principles and techniques of international air navigation, and fosters the planning and development of international a ...

(ICAO) *

International Criminal Court The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal seated in The Hague, Netherlands. It is the first and only permanent international court with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals f ...

(ICCt) (signatory) * International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) * International Development Association (IDA) * International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) *

International Finance Corporation The International Finance Corporation (IFC) is an international financial institution that offers investment, advisory, and asset-management services to encourage private-sector development in less developed countries. The IFC is a member of ...

(IFC) * International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) *

International Hydrographic Organization The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is an intergovernmental organisation representing hydrography. , the IHO comprised 98 Member States. A principal aim of the IHO is to ensure that the world's seas, oceans and navigable waters a ...

(IHO) *

International Labour Organization The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice by setting international labour standards. Founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations, it is the first and o ...

(ILO) * International Maritime Organization (IMO) *

International Mobile Satellite Organization The International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) is the intergovernmental organization that oversees certain public satellite safety and security communication services provided via the Inmarsat satellites. Some of these services concern: ...

(IMSO) *

International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster glo ...

(IMF) *

International Olympic Committee The International Olympic Committee (IOC; french: link=no, Comité international olympique, ''CIO'') is a non-governmental sports organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is constituted in the form of an association under the Swiss ...

(IOC) *

International Organization for Migration The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is a United Nations agency that provides services and advice concerning migration to governments and migrants, including internally displaced persons, refugees, and migrant workers. The IOM w ...

(IOM) *

International Organization for Standardization The International Organization for Standardization (ISO ) is an international standard development organization composed of representatives from the national standards organizations of member countries. Membership requirements are given in Art ...

(ISO) * International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM) *

International Telecommunication Union The International Telecommunication Union is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for many matters related to information and communication technologies. It was established on 17 May 1865 as the International Telegraph Unio ...

(ITU) *

International Telecommunications Satellite Organization The International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) is an intergovernmental organization charged with overseeing the public service obligations of Intelsat, which was privatized in 2001. It incorporates the principle set forth ...

(ITSO) * Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) *

Islamic Development Bank The Islamic Development Bank ( ar, البنك الإسلامي للتنمية, abbreviated as IsDB) is a multilateral development finance institution that is focused on Islamic finance for infrastructure development and located in Jeddah, Saudi ...

(IDB) *

Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) is an international financial institution which offers political risk insurance and credit enhancement guarantees. These guarantees help investors protect foreign direct investments against ...

(MIGA) * Nonaligned Movement (NAM) *

Organisation of Islamic Cooperation An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity—such as a company, an institution, or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. The word is derived from ...

(OIC) *

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is an intergovernmental organisation and the implementing body for the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), which entered into force on 29 April 1997. The OPCW, with its 193 member ...

(OPCW) *

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC, ) is a cartel of countries. Founded on 14 September 1960 in Baghdad by the first five members (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela), it has, since 1965, been headquart ...

(OPEC) *

Permanent Court of Arbitration The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is a non-UN intergovernmental organization located in The Hague, Netherlands. Unlike a judicial court in the traditional sense, the PCA provides services of arbitral tribunal to resolve disputes that aris ...

(PCA) *

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation russian: Шанхайская Организация Сотрудничества , image = , caption = , logo = SCO logo.svg , logo_size = 160px , map = Shanghai Cooperati ...

(SCO) (observer) *

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is the regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical union of states in South Asia. Its member states are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan ...

(SAARC) (observer) *

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...

(UN) *

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) is an intergovernmental organization within the United Nations Secretariat that promotes the interests of developing countries in world trade. It was established in 1964 by the ...

(UNCTAD) * United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) *

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is a United Nations agency mandated to aid and protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities, and stateless people, and to assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integrati ...

(UNHCR) *

United Nations Industrial Development Organization The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) (French: Organisation des Nations unies pour le développement industriel; French/Spanish acronym: ONUDI) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that assists countries in ...

(UNIDO) *

United Nations Institute for Training and Research The United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) is a dedicated training arm of the United Nations system. UNITAR provides training and capacity development activities to assist mainly developing countries with special attention ...

(UNITAR) *

Universal Postal Union The Universal Postal Union (UPU, french: link=no, Union postale universelle), established by the Treaty of Bern of 1874, is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that coordinates postal policies among member nations, in addition to ...

(UPU) *

World Confederation of Labour The World Confederation of Labour (WCL) was an international labour organization founded in 1920 and based in Europe. Totalitarian governments of the 1930s repressed the federation and imprisoned many of its leaders, limiting operations until the ...

(WCL) *

World Customs Organization The World Customs Organization (WCO) is an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. The WCO works on customs-related matters including the development of international conventions, instruments, and tools on topics su ...

(WCO) *

World Federation of Trade Unions The World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) is an international federation of trade unions established in 1945. Founded in the immediate aftermath of World War Two, the organization built on the pre-war legacy of the International Federation o ...

(WFTU) *

World Health Organization The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of ...

(WHO) *World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) *World Meteorological Organization (WMO) *World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) *World Trade Organization (WTO) (observer)

Law and order in Iran

Law of Iran * Capital punishment in Iran * Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Constitution of Iran * Crime in Iran * Human rights in Iran (1925–1979) ** Human rights in the Imperial State of Iran (1925–1979) ** Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran (1979–present) ** LGBT rights in Iran ** Freedom of religion in Iran * Law enforcement in Iran

Military of Iran

Military of Iran * Command ** Commander-in-chief:

, Ali Khamenei *** Ministry of Defence (Iran), Ministry of Defence of Iran * Defense industry of Iran * Forces (Iran has two armies) ** Army of Iran ** Navy of Iran ** Air Force of Iran ** Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps *** Ground Forces of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps *** Navy of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps *** Aerospace Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps *** Quds Force (Special Forces) ** Basij, Basij Resistance Force (paramilitary force. Compare with National Guard (disambiguation), National Guard) * Iran and weapons of mass destruction * Military history of Iran * Military ranks of Iran

Local government in Iran

Local government in Iran * City and Village Councils of Iran

History of Iran

History of Iran *Timeline of the history of Iran *Portal:Current events/Iran, Current events of Iran Shar-ayna (4 mirrors) armour (cleaned)

* Iran hostage crisis * History of fundamentalist Islam in Iran * Military history of Iran ** Iran–Iraq War * Timeline of the Iranian Islamic revolution * Chahar-Ai-Ne (Persian چهاﺮآﻳنه) * Plated mail

History of Iran, by period

Pre-Islam Iranian history

* Palaeolithic Era in Iran * Archaeological sites in Iran * Tappeh Sialk * Jiroft culture * Kura-Araxes culture * Atropatene * Arran (Caucasus) * Shahr-i Sokhta * Akkadian Empire * Elam * Mannaeans * Aratta * Kingdom of Pontus * Urartu * Neo-Assyrian Empire * Neo-Babylonian Empire * Aratti theory * Aryan * Indo-Iranians * Iran naming convention * Kassites * List of ancient Persians * List of kings of Persia * Parthia ** Parthian Empire ** Arsacid dynasty of Iberia ** Arsacid dynasty of Armenia ** Arsacid Dynasty of Caucasian Albania * Persian war elephants * Median Empire * Achaemenid Empire ** Greco-Persian Wars * Seleucid Empire * Parthian Empire **Roman-Parthian Wars * Sassanid Empire **Byzantine-Sassanid Wars **Persian Armenia **Asorestan

Post-Islam Iranian history

* Islamicization in Iran * Islamic Conquest of Iran * Anglo-Russian Convention of 1907 * Treaty of Gulistan * Treaty of Akhal * Treaty of Zuhab * Treaty of Turkmenchay * Sallarids * Ak Koyunlu * Kara Koyunlu * Safavids * Qajar dynasty * Ottoman-Persian Wars * Russo-Persian Wars

Pahlavi and contemporary history of Iran

* Constitutionalist movement of Gilan * List of prime ministers of Iran * Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran * Persian Constitutional Revolution * Persian Corridor * White Revolution * Human rights in the Imperial State of Iran (1925–1979) * Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran (1979–present) * Iran–Iraq War * United States support for Iraq during the Iran–Iraq war * United States support for Iran during the Iran–Iraq war * 1988 Massacre of Iranian Prisoners * Ahvaz Bombings

History of Iran, by subject

* Science and technology in Iran, History of science in Persia * Military history of Iran * Prime Minister of Iran * Persianization * Persian mythology * Iranian continent * Iranian Azerbaijan * Iranian Kurdistan * Iranian peoples * Iranology * Islamic Cultural Revolution * Chicago's Persian heritage crisis, University of Chicago's Persian heritage crisis * Islam in Iran * Islamicization in Iran * Turko-Persian tradition * Kayanian dynasty

Culture of Iran

Culture of Iran * Architecture of Iran * Cuisine of Iran * Ethnic minorities in Iran * Festivals in Iran * Languages of Iran * Media in Iran * List of museums in Iran, Museums in Iran * National symbols of Iran ** Emblem of Iran ** Flag of Iran ** National anthem of Iran * People of Iran * Prostitution in Iran * Public holidays in Iran * List of records of Iran, Records of Iran * Religion in Iran ** Buddhism in Iran ** Christianity in Iran ** Hinduism in Iran ** Islam in Iran ** History of the Jews in Iran * List of World Heritage Sites in Iran

Art in Iran

* Art in Iran * Cinema of Iran * Literature of Iran * Music of Iran **Iranian musical instruments * Television in Iran * Iranian theatre

Sports in Iran

Sports in Iran * Football in Iran

Economy and infrastructure of Iran

Economy of Iran * List of countries by GDP (nominal), Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 29th (twenty-ninth) * Agriculture in Iran * List of banks in Iran, Banking in Iran ** National Bank of Iran * Communications in Iran ** Internet in Iran * List of companies of Iran, Companies of Iran *Currency, Currency of Iran: Iranian rial, Rial **ISO 4217: IRR * History of the Islamic Republic of Iran#Economy, Economic history of Iran * Energy in Iran, Energy policy of Iran * Health care in Iran * Industry of Iran * Mining in Iran * Petroleum industry in Iran * Tehran Stock Exchange * Tourism in Iran * Transport in Iran ** List of airports in Iran, Airports in Iran ** Rail transport in Iran ** Roads in Iran * Urban plans in Iran * Water supply and sanitation in Iran

Education in Iran

References

External links

The President of Iran

Iran Electoral Archive

The Majlis (Legislature) of Iran

Iran.ir

Persian language
(Persian) * * *
First Iranians
Reference Articles on Iran By Manouchehr Saadat Noury
Iranian Innovations
* ''Faces of Iran: The World in One Nation'' (a sequence of still photographs, showing the richness of the ethnic and religious diversity of the people of Iran)
YouTube
* ''Rageh Inside Iran'', a BBC Four production, 17 February 2007, * Farhad Nabipour, ''From Persia to Iran'', Part I, AMIR Productions, 4 November 2006 (slide show accompanied with Pink Floyd and Persian music — 28 min 8 sec)
Google
Highly recommended! * Farhad Nabipour, ''From Persia to Iran'', Part II, AMIR Productions, 10 November 2006 (slide show accompanied with Pink Floyd and Persian music — 21 min 46 sec)
Google
* Some Iranian folk-songs sung by Shusha Guppy in the 1970s:
''Silver Gun''
(from Shiraz)
''Wheat Flower''
(a harvest song)
''The Rain''
(from the Gilan Province)
''The Stars in Heaven''
(from Shiraz)
''On Top of the Hill''
(from Shiraz)
''The Silken Handkerchief''
(from the Fars Province)
''Darling Leila''
(from the Gilan Province)
''I Have Come to Ravish My Heart''
(from the Lorestan Province)
''The Lor Youth''
(a Bakhtiari people, Bakhtiari-Tribe song)
''Lullaby''
(from Gorgan)
''Girl from Boyer-Ahmadi Tribe''
(from the Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province)
''My Beloved is Short''
(from the Fars Province)
''The Water Pipe''''You Must Come to Me''
(from Mamasani County)
''Darling Dareyne''
(from the Mazandaran Province).
For further details see
''Iranian''
* Nir Rosen, ''Selling the War with Iran'', The Washington Note, Thursday, May 1, 2008

* The Second International Festival of Peace Poetry, Iran, 16 May 2009
(English)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Iran Iran, Iran-related lists, Outlines of countries, Iran