The Ottoman–Persian War of 1775–1776 was fought between the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

and the

Zand dynasty The Zand dynasty ( fa, سلسله زندیه, ') was an Iranian dynasty, founded by Karim Khan Zand (1751–1779) that initially ruled southern and central Iran in the 18th century. It later quickly came to expand to include much of the rest o ...

Persia Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

. The Persians, ruled by

Karim Khan Mohammad Karim Khan Zand ( fa, محمدکریم خان زند, Mohammad Karīm Khân-e Zand; ) was the founder of the Zand Dynasty, ruling from 1751 to 1779. He ruled all of Iran (Persia) except for Khorasan. He also ruled over some of the Cau ...

and led by his brother Sadeq Khan Zand, invaded southern Iraq and after besieging

Basra Basra ( ar, ٱلْبَصْرَة, al-Baṣrah) is an Iraqi city located on the Shatt al-Arab. It had an estimated population of 1.4 million in 2018. Basra is also Iraq's main port, although it does not have deep water access, which is han ...

for a year, took the city from the Ottomans in 1776. The Ottomans, unable to send troops, were dependent on the Mamluk governors to defend that region. In an attempt to raise troops and provisions for this war, Ottoman Sultan

Abdülhamid I Abdülhamid or Abdul Hamid I ( ota, عبد الحميد اول, ''`Abdü’l-Ḥamīd-i evvel''; tr, Birinci Abdülhamid; 20 March 1725 – 7 April 1789) was the 27th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigning over the Ottoman Empire from 1774 to ...

, made Suleiman al-Jalili ''mubayaaci'' (official of provisions), ordering him to send provisions to

Baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. I ...

, which he ignored, instead he restricted merchants from selling their goods. As a result, the Persians held

until 1779 when the Ottomans, under Sulayman Agha, retook the city, following Karim Khan's death.Dionisius A. Agius, ''In the Wake of the Dhow: The Arabian Gulf and Oman'', (Ithaca Press, 2010), 15.

References

Sources

* * * * Perry, John R., ''Karīm Khān Zand: a history of Iran, 1747–1779'' University of Chicago Press, 1979, and One World Publications, 2006 . * Malcolm, John, Sir, ''The history of Persia, from the most early period to the present time containing an account of the religion, government, usages, and character of the inhabitants of that kingdom'' in 2 volumes; London : Murray, 1815.; re-published by Adamant Media Corporation 2004 vol 1. ; vol. 2 . * * * Ottoman–Persian Wars Conflicts in 1775 Conflicts in 1776 1770s in Iran 1775 in the Ottoman Empire 1776 in the Ottoman Empire History of Basra Early Modern history of Iraq Wars involving the Zand dynasty {{Iraq-hist-stub

See also

References

Sources