At the outbreak of the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states ...

Oregon also raised the 1st Oregon Cavalry that was activated in 1862 and served until June 1865. During the Civil War, emigrants to the newfound gold fields in

Idaho Idaho ( ) is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. To the north, it shares a small portion of the Canada–United States border with the province of British Columbia. It borders the states of Montana and Wyomi ...

and Oregon continued to clash with the

Paiute Paiute (; also Piute) refers to three non-contiguous groups of indigenous peoples of the Great Basin. Although their languages are related within the Numic group of Uto-Aztecan languages, these three groups do not form a single set. The term "Paiu ...

, Shoshone and Bannock tribes of Oregon, Idaho and

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a state in the Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the 7th-most extensive, ...

until relations degenerated into the bloody 1864 - 1868

Snake War Snakes are elongated, limbless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes . Like all other squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales. Many species of snakes have skulls with several more jo ...

. The

1st Oregon Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 1st Oregon Infantry Regiment was an American Civil War era military regiment recruited in Oregon for the Union Army. The regiment was formed in November 1864. At full strength, it was composed of ten companies of foot soldiers. The regime ...

was formed in 1864 and its last company was mustered out of service in July 1867. Both units were used to guard travel routes and Indian reservations, escort emigrant wagon trains, and protect settlers from Indian raiders. Several infantry detachments also accompanied survey parties and built roads in central and southern Oregon. Oregon's second United States Senator, Col.

Edward Dickinson Baker Edward Dickinson Baker (February 24, 1811October 21, 1861) was an American politician, lawyer, and US army officer. In his political career, Baker served in the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois and later as a U.S. Senator from Oreg ...

was killed while leading Union troops at the

Battle of Ball's Bluff The Battle of Ball's Bluff was an early battle of the American Civil War fought in Loudoun County, Virginia, on October 21, 1861, in which Union Army forces under Major General George B. McClellan suffered a humiliating defeat. The operation wa ...

near Leesburg, Virginia on October 21, 1861. His death in battle occurred exactly one month after another Oregonian, Captain James W. Lingenfelter of Company B, 71st Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, was killed while on the picket line. In civilian life, Captain Lingenfelter had been a practicing attorney in Jacksonville, Oregon. He had been visiting in the East when the war started and enlisted to serve with Colonel Baker.

Oregon regiments in the Civil War

* 1st Oregon Cavalry *

* Mountain Rangers (Oregon Militia) * Washington Guards (Oregon Militia) * Fenian Guards (Oregon Militia) * Zouave Cadets (Oregon Militia) * Marion Rifles (Oregon Militia)

Civil War posts, Oregon

Fort Dalles Fort Dalles was a United States Army outpost located on the Columbia River at the present site of The Dalles, Oregon, in the United States. Built when Oregon was a territory, the post was used mainly for dealing with wars with Native Americans. Th ...

, Oregon, (1850–1867) * Fort Yamhill, Oregon (1856–1866) * Fort Hoskins, Oregon, (1857–1865) * Siletz Blockhouse, Oregon (1858-1866) * Camp Baker, Oregon (1862-1865), * Camp Barlow, Oregon, (1862) * Camp Clackamas, Oregon, (1862) * Post at Grand Ronde Indian Agency or ''Fort Lafayette'', Oregon 1863, *

Fort Klamath Fort Klamath was a military outpost near the western end of the Oregon Trail, between Crater Lake National Park and Upper Klamath Lake in Klamath County, Oregon, United States. The Fort Klamath Site, about a mile southeast of the present communi ...

, Oregon, (1863–1890) * Fort at Point Adams, Oregon (1863-1865) * Fort Stevens, Oregon (1865-1947) * Camp Alvord, Oregon (1864-1866) * Camp Dalgren, Oregon (1864) * Camp Henderson, Oregon, 1864-1866 * Camp Lincoln, Oregon 1864 * Camp Maury, Oregon 1864 * Camp Russell, Oregon 1864-1865 * Camp Watson, Oregon 1864-1869 * Camp Colfax, Oregon, 1865, 1867 * Camp Currey, Oregon 1865-1866 * Camp Logan, Oregon (1865-1868) * Camp Lyon, Oregon (1865-1869) * Camp Polk, Oregon (1865-1866) * Camp on Silvies River, Oregon (1864?) * Camp Wright, Oregon (1865-1866) * Old Camp Warner, Oregon (1866-1867) * Camp Warner, Oregon (1867-1874)Carey, ''History of Oregon'', pg. 671. Located west of Warner Lakes.

Oregon regiments in the Civil War

Civil War posts, Oregon

See also

References

Further reading