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OMA SpecWorks, previously the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) is a
standards organization A standards organization, standards body, standards developing organization (SDO), or standards setting organization (SSO) is an organization whose primary function is developing, coordinating, promulgating, revising, amending, reissuing, interpr ...
which develops open,
international International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations". International may also refer to: Music Albums * ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * ''International'' (New Order album), 2002 * ''International'' (The T ...
technical standard A technical standard is an established norm or requirement for a repeatable technical task which is applied to a common and repeated use of rules, conditions, guidelines or characteristics for products or related processes and production methods, ...
s for the
mobile phone A mobile phone, cellular phone, cell phone, cellphone, handphone, hand phone or pocket phone, sometimes shortened to simply mobile, cell, or just phone, is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link whi ...
industry. It is a nonprofit
Non-governmental organization A non-governmental organization (NGO) or non-governmental organisation (see American and British English spelling differences#-ise, -ize (-isation, -ization), spelling differences) is an organization that generally is formed independent from g ...
(NGO), not a formal government-sponsored standards organization as is the
International Telecommunication Union The International Telecommunication Union is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for many matters related to information and communication technologies. It was established on 17 May 1865 as the International Telegraph Unio ...
(ITU): a forum for industry stakeholders to agree on common specifications for products and services.


History

The OMA was created in June 2002 as an answer to the proliferation of industry forums each dealing with a few application protocols: WAP Forum (focused on browsing and device provisioning protocols), the Wireless Village (focused on instant messaging and presence), The SyncML Initiative (focused on data synchronization), the Location Interoperability Forum, the Mobile Games Interoperability Forum, and the Mobile Wireless Internet Forum. Each of these forums had its bylaws, its decision-taking procedures, its release schedules, and in some instances there was some overlap in the specifications, causing duplication of work. Members include traditional wireless industry players such as equipment and mobile systems manufacturers ( Ericsson, ZTE,
Nokia Nokia Corporation (natively Nokia Oyj, referred to as Nokia) is a Finnish multinational telecommunications, information technology, and consumer electronics corporation, established in 1865. Nokia's main headquarters are in Espoo, Finland, i ...
, Qualcomm, Rohde & Schwarz) and mobile operators ( AT&T, NTT Docomo,
Orange Orange most often refers to: *Orange (fruit), the fruit of the tree species '' Citrus'' × ''sinensis'' ** Orange blossom, its fragrant flower *Orange (colour), from the color of an orange, occurs between red and yellow in the visible spectrum * ...
,
T-Mobile T-Mobile is the brand name used by some of the mobile communications subsidiaries of the German telecommunications company Deutsche Telekom AG in the Czech Republic ( T-Mobile Czech Republic), Poland ( T-Mobile Polska), the United States (T-Mobil ...
, Verizon), and also software vendors ( Gemalto,
Mavenir HRMavenir Systems, Inc. dba Mavenir is an American telecommunications software company, created in 2017 as a result of a three-way merger of existing companies and technologies, that develops and supplies cloud-native software to the communicat ...
and others). In March, 2018, it merged with the IPSO Alliance to form OMA SpecWorks. Related standards bodies include: 3rd Generation Partnership Project ( 3GPP), 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2), Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Its mission is to provide
Interoperability Interoperability is a characteristic of a product or system to work with other products or systems. While the term was initially defined for information technology or systems engineering services to allow for information exchange, a broader defi ...
of services across countries, operators and mobile terminals. The OMA only standardises applicative protocols; OMA specifications are intended to work with any cellular network technologies being used to provide networking and data transport. These networking technology are specified by outside parties. In particular, OMA specifications for a given function are the same with either
GSM The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation ( 2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such ...
, UMTS, or CDMA2000 networks. Adherence to the standards is entirely voluntary; the OMA does not have a mandative role.. OMA members that own intellectual property rights (e.g.
patent A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention."A ...
s) on technologies that are essential to realizing a specification agree in advance to provide licenses to their technology on "fair,
reasonable and non-discriminatory licensing Reasonable and non-discriminatory (RAND) terms, also known as fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory (FRAND) terms, denote a voluntary licensing commitment that standards organizations often request from the owner of an intellectual property r ...
" terms to other members. OMA is incorporated in California, United States.


Standard specifications

The OMA maintains many specifications, including: * Browsing specifications, now named ''Browser and Content'', formerly named WAP browsing; in current version, these specifications rely essentially on XHTML Mobile Profile * Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) specifications *
OMA DRM OMA DRM is a digital rights management (DRM) system invented by the Open Mobile Alliance, whose members represent mobile phone manufacturers (e.g. Nokia, LG, Motorola, Samsung, Sony-Ericsson, BenQ-Siemens), mobile system manufacturers (e.g. Er ...
specifications for Digital Rights Management * OMA Instant Messaging and Presence Service (OMA IMPS) specification, which is a system for instant messaging on mobile phones; formerly named Wireless Village * OMA SIMPLE IM instant messaging based on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) SIMPLE * OMA CAB Converged Address Book, a social address book service standard * OMA CPM Converged IP Messaging, the underlying enabler for
Rich Communication Services Rich Communication Services (RCS) is a communication protocol between mobile telephone carriers and between phone and carrier, aiming at replacing SMS messages with a text-message system that is richer, provides phonebook polling (for service dis ...
* OMA Lock and Wipe (LAWMO) specifications for those functions * OMA Lightweight M2M (LwM2M) OMA LWM2M specifications for machine to machine functions * OMA Client Provisioning (OMA CP) specification for
provisioning In telecommunication, provisioning involves the process of preparing and equipping a network to allow it to provide new services to its users. In National Security/Emergency Preparedness telecommunications services, ''"provisioning"'' equates to ...
* OMA Data Synchronization (OMA DS) specification for
data synchronization Data synchronization is the process of establishing consistency between source and target data stores, and the continuous harmonization of the data over time. It is fundamental to a wide variety of applications, including file synchronization and m ...
using
SyncML SyncML (Synchronization Markup Language) is the former name for a platform-independent information synchronization standard. The project is currently referred to as ''Open Mobile Alliance Data Synchronization and Device Management''. The purpose o ...
* OMA Device Management (OMA DM) specification for mobile device management using
SyncML SyncML (Synchronization Markup Language) is the former name for a platform-independent information synchronization standard. The project is currently referred to as ''Open Mobile Alliance Data Synchronization and Device Management''. The purpose o ...
* OMA BCAST specification for Mobile Broadcast Services * OMA Rich Media Environment (RME) specification * OMA OpenCMAPI Connection Management APIs * OMA PoC specification for
Push to talk Push-to-talk (PTT), also known as press-to-transmit, is a method of having conversations or talking on half-duplex communication lines, including two-way radio, using a momentary button to switch from voice reception mode to transmit mode. H ...
Over Cellular (PoC) * OMA Presence SIMPLE specification for presence based on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) SIMPLE * OMA Service Environment * FUMO Firmware update * Secure User Plane Location Protocol (SUPL), an IP-based service for
assisted GPS Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS) is a GNSS augmentation system that often significantly improves the startup performance—i.e., time-to-first-fix (TTFF)—of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS). A-GNSS works by providing the necessary data to the ...
on handsets * Mobile Location Protocol (MLP), an IP-based protocol for obtaining the position/location of mobile handset * Wireless Application Protocol 1 (WAP1), 5-layer stack of protocols * OMA LOCSIP Location in SIP/IP Core * Software Component Management Object (SCOMO), allows a management authority to perform software management on a remote device The OMA specifications inspired or formed the base for the following: * NGSI-LD is an API and information model specified by ETSI based (with permission) on OMA specifications NGSI-09 and NGSI-10, extending them to provide bindings and to formally use property graphs, with node and relationship (edge) types that may play the role of labels in formerly-mentioned models ''and'' support semantic referencing by inheriting classes defined in shared
ontologies In computer science and information science, an ontology encompasses a representation, formal naming, and definition of the categories, properties, and relations between the concepts, data, and entities that substantiate one, many, or all domains ...
.


See also

* Linux Phone Standards Forum (LiPS) * LiMo Foundation * Content Management Interface *
Open Handset Alliance The Open Handset Alliance (OHA) is a consortium of 84 firms to develop open standards for mobile devices. Member firms include HTC, Sony, Dell, Intel, Motorola, Qualcomm, Texas Instruments, Google, Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics, T-Mobile, ...
* Mobile Platform * 3GPP *
European Telecommunications Standards Institute The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is an independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the field of information and communications. ETSI supports the development and testing of global technical standard ...
(ETSI) *
List of wireless router firmware projects List of software created and maintained by people other than the manufacturer of the product. The extent of support for (and testing on) particular hardware varies from project to project. Embedded Notable custom-firmware projects for wireless ro ...
* Mobile Device Management * List of Mobile Device Management Software


References


External links

* {{Mobile phones Mobile telecommunications standards Open standards Telecommunications organizations Business organizations based in the United States Mobile phone industry