''Oxybasis'' is a flowering plant genus from the subfamily

Chenopodioideae The Chenopodioideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae in the APG III system, which is largely based on molecular phylogeny, but were included - together with other subfamilies - in family Chenopodiaceae in the Cronquist ...

of the family Amaranthaceae. It was first described in 1841, and newly used since 2012 for five species that were traditionally grouped into genus '' Chenopodium''. They occur in Europe, Asia, North Africa and America.

Description

According to Fuentes-Bazan et al. (2012), the species in genus ''Oxybasis'' are non-aromatic annual herbs. Their stems grow erect to ascending or prostrate and are branched with usually alternate, basally sometimes nearly opposite branches. The alternate

leaves A leaf (plural, : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant plant stem, stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", wh ...

consist of a petiole and a simple blade. The leaf blade is thickish oder slightly fleshy, and may be triangular, triangular to narrowly triangular, hastate, rhombic, or lanceolate, with entire to dentate margins. The axillary and terminal inflorescences consist of spicately or sometimes paniculately arranged compact glomerules of flowers, ebracteate or in the axils of leaf-like bracts. Usually there a two types of flowers: The terminal flowers are

bisexual Bisexuality is a romantic or sexual attraction or behavior toward both males and females, or to more than one gender. It may also be defined to include romantic or sexual attraction to people regardless of their sex or gender identity, whi ...

, with 3-5 nearly free perianth segments, 1 (-5) stamens and an ovary with 2 (-3) stigmas. The lateral flowers are usually female, with 3 (-4) variously connate perianth segments, missing (-1) stamens and 2 stigmas. The fruit has a membranous pericarp, which is free or loosely attached to the seed. The oval to orbicular seeds are horizontally orientated in terminal flowers, but vertically or horizontally in lateral flowers. The brownish or black seed coat can be almost smooth, finely reticulate, or minutely pitted.

Systematics

The genus ''Oxybasis'' was first described in 1841 by

Grigori Silytsch Karelin Grigory, Grigori and Grigoriy are Russian masculine given names. It may refer to watcher angels or more specifically to the egrḗgoroi or Watcher angels. Grigory * Grigory Baklanov (1923–2009), Russian novelist * Grigory Barenblatt (1927 ...

and Ivan Petrovich Kirilov (In: Enumeration plantarum anno 1840 in regionibus altaicis et confinibus collectarum. In: ''Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou'' 14: p. 738–739). At this time, the only species of the genus was ''Oxybasis minutiflora'' Kar. & Kir., which was later considered to be identical with ''Chenopodium chenopodioides''. After phylogenetic research, Suzy Fuentes-Bazan, Pertti Uotila and Thomas Borsch separated the ''Chenopodium rubrum''-Clade from genus '' Chenopodium'', that would otherwise have been polyphyletic. They used the genus name ''Oxybasis'' as the oldest name on genus level for this group. The genus ''Oxybasis'' belongs to the same tribe as ''Chenopodium'', Tribus

Atripliceae Atripliceae are a tribe of the subfamily Chenopodioideae belonging to the plant family Amaranthaceae. ''Atriplex'' is the largest genus of the tribe. Species of Atripiceae are ecologically important in steppe and semi-desert climates. Distribu ...

. According to Fuentes-Bazan et al. (2012), the genus ''Oxybasis'' consists of 5 species: * ''

Oxybasis chenopodioides ''Oxybasis chenopodioides'', (syn. ''Chenopodium chenopodioides'') is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae known by the common name low goosefoot. It is native to South America, but it is known in widespread parts of Africa, ...

'' (L.) S. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch (Syn. ''Chenopodium chenopodioides'' (L.) Aellen), small red Goosefoot, saltmarsh goosefoot: in Europe, North Africa and Asia, naturalized in

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

and South America. * '' Oxybasis glauca'' (L.) S. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch (Syn. ''Chenopodium glaucum'' L.), Oak-leaved goosefoot: in Europe, Asia and North America. * ''

Oxybasis macrosperma ''Oxybasis'' is a flowering plant genus from the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae. It was first described in 1841, and newly used since 2012 for five species that were traditionally grouped into genus ''Chenopodium''. They oc ...

'' (Hook. f.) S. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch (Syn. ''Chenopodium macrospermum'' Hook. f.): in South America and on Falkland Islands. * ''

Oxybasis rubra ''Oxybasis rubra''Susy Fuentes-Bazan, Pertti Uotila, Thomas Borsch: ''A novel phylogeny-based generic classification for Chenopodium sensu lato, and a tribal rearrangement of Chenopodioideae (Chenopodiaceae).'' In: ''Willdenowia.'' Vol. 42, No. ...

'' (L.) S. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch (Syn. ''Chenopodium rubrum'' L.), red goosefoot, coastblite goosefoot: in Europa, temperate Asia, and North America, naturalized elsewhere. * '' Oxybasis urbica'' (L.) S. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch (Syn. ''Chenopodium urbicum'' L.), upright goosefoot: in Europa and Asia, naturalized in North America.

References

''Oxybasis'' first description at BHL
/ref> ''Oxybasis''
''Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) online database''. Retrieved 10 July 2013. Pertti Uotila: ''Chenopodium urbicum''. In: Karl Heinz Rechinger et al. (Hrsg.): ''Flora Iranica'', Vol. 172 - ''Chenopodiaceae''. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, 1997, , p. 36–37.

External links

''Oxybasis''
at Tropicos {{Taxonbar, from=Q13847505 Chenopodioideae Amaranthaceae genera