Sandra Fredman FBA, KC (hon) is a professor of law in the Faculty of Law at the

University of Oxford , mottoeng = The Lord is my light , established = , endowment = £6.1 billion (including colleges) (2019) , budget = £2.145 billion (2019–20) , chancellor ...

and a

fellow A fellow is a concept whose exact meaning depends on context. In learned or professional societies, it refers to a privileged member who is specially elected in recognition of their work and achievements. Within the context of higher education ...

of Pembroke College, Oxford.

Early life and education

Fredman was born in

Johannesburg Johannesburg ( , , ; Zulu and xh, eGoli ), colloquially known as Jozi, Joburg, or "The City of Gold", is the largest city in South Africa, classified as a megacity, and is one of the 100 largest urban areas in the world. According to Dem ...

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the ...

, and received her undergraduate degree in mathematics and philosophy from

Witwatersrand University The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (), is a multi-campus South African public research university situated in the northern areas of central Johannesburg. It is more commonly known as Wits University or Wits ( or ). The university ...

. She then worked for a short time as a political and labour journalist before attending

Wadham College, Oxford Wadham College () is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. It is located in the centre of Oxford, at the intersection of Broad Street and Parks Road. Wadham College was founded in 1610 by Dorothy W ...

as a Rhodes Scholar. She received

First Class Honours The British undergraduate degree classification system is a grading structure for undergraduate degrees or bachelor's degrees and integrated master's degrees in the United Kingdom. The system has been applied (sometimes with significant variati ...

for the BA in Law and the BCL.

Academic career

After graduation, she worked as a

trainee solicitor In the United Kingdom, Australia, Hong Kong, Ireland, and certain other English common law jurisdictions, a trainee solicitor is a prospective lawyer undergoing professional training at a law firm or an in-house legal team to qualify as a full-fl ...

in London at a firm of solicitors specialising trade union and labour law. She then became a Lecturer in labour law at King's College London. After four years in that position she was elected fellow in law at Exeter College, Oxford. In 1996 Fredman was made a

Reader A reader is a person who reads. It may also refer to: Computing and technology * Adobe Reader (now Adobe Acrobat), a PDF reader * Bible Reader for Palm, a discontinued PDA application * A card reader, for extracting data from various forms of ...

and was given the title of professor in 1999. She was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 2005. In 2011 she was appointed Professor in the Laws of the British Commonwealth and the USA. Funded by the university's Higher Studies Fund, this will be used to develop a focal point for a research and policy network in the comparative human rights law of these jurisdictions. The aim is to integrate academics, policy-makers, judges and students, in Oxford, in developed countries and also in many developing countries in the British Commonwealth which have had little exposure to academic research. The network will initially be focussing on two substantive themes, gender equality, and poverty and human rights.

Academic interests and teaching

Fredman's academic interests include

discrimination law Anti-discrimination law or non-discrimination law refers to legislation designed to prevent discrimination against particular groups of people; these groups are often referred to as protected groups or protected classes. Anti-discrimination laws ...

, labour law, and human rights law. She teaches

constitutional law Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as the basic rights of citizens and, in fe ...

administrative law Administrative law is the division of law that governs the activities of executive branch agencies of government. Administrative law concerns executive branch rule making (executive branch rules are generally referred to as "regulations"), ad ...

, European human rights law and labour law.

Private practice

Fredman also practises as a barrister and is a member of Old Square Chambers in London. Fredman founded the Oxford Human Rights Hub (OxHRH), an organisation that aims to bring together academics, practitioners, and policy-makers from across the globe to advance the understanding and protection of

human rights Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of PhilosophyHuman Rights Retrieved 14 August 2014 for certain standards of hu ...

and

equality Equality may refer to: Society * Political equality, in which all members of a society are of equal standing ** Consociationalism, in which an ethnically, religiously, or linguistically divided state functions by cooperation of each group's elit ...

Selected publications

*Fredman, Sandra (2018). ''Comparative Human Rights Law.'' Oxford:

Oxford University Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and its printing history dates back to the 1480s. Having been officially granted the legal right to print books ...

. . *Fredman, Sandra; Campbell, Meghan; Taylor, Helen eds. (2018). ''Human Rights and Equality in Education: Comparative perspectives on the right to education for minorities and disadvantaged groups. Bristol:''

Policy Press , mottoeng = earningpromotes one's innate power (from Horace, ''Ode 4.4'') , established = 1595 – Merchant Venturers School1876 – University College, Bristol1909 – received royal charter , type ...

. . * * * * * * *

References

External links

Sandra Fredman FBA, QC (hon) – Oxford Law Faculty
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fredman, Sandra Alumni of Wadham College, Oxford University of the Witwatersrand alumni Academics of King's College London Fellows of Exeter College, Oxford South African barristers Members of Gray's Inn Living people Year of birth missing (living people) Fellows of Pembroke College, Oxford Fellows of the British Academy South African emigrants to the United Kingdom People from Johannesburg South African Rhodes Scholars Honorary King's Counsel