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The town is located in the northern Odenwald in southernGeology
The Otzberg is an extinct volcano made of Böllstein gneiss, formed on an old fault zone (the Otzberg column), which continues to the south and separates the eastern Böllsteiner, which is about 50 million years younger than western Bergsträßer Odw. The Böllstein gneiss and basalt Otzberg caused by large movements of the earth's crust in two different geological eras:Eckardt Stein u.a : „Geologie des kristallinen Odenwalds – seine magmatische und metamorphe Entwicklung“. In: Jahresberichte und Mitteilungen, Oberrheinischer Geologischer Verein, N.F.83, S. 89-111, 2001 In the Palaeozoic (Paleozoic) walked the continental drift a southern continent to continent on a north.Wolfgang Franke: The mid-European segment of the Variscides: tectono-stratigraphic units, terrane boundaries and plate tectonic evolution. Geol.Soc.London Spec.Publ., 179, S. 35-61, 2000. This collided intervening dwarf-continent and in the Devonian and Carboniferous period (about 380-320 million years ago), the Variscan Mountains to the Odw counts delayed.R. Altherr u.a.: Plutonism in the Variscan Odenwald (Germany): from subduction to collision. Int. J. Earth Sci. 88, S. 422-443, 1999. was already in the history of Böllsteiner gneiss. He emerged from granitic rocks, which have penetrated about 410 million years ago as molten rock from below into older sedimentary rocks. These were common - sunk into deeper areas of the earth's crust and converted there, at a high temperature pressure to schists and gneisses - a result of the co-thrusts. At the Otzberg column is welded these rocks - in the course of plate collision - with those of the Bergstrasse Odws. Many millions of years later, the mountain was already removed down to his torso and powerful Buntsandstein, Muschelkalk, Keuper and law G. Frenzel, G.: Die Nephelingesteinsparagenese des Katzenbuckels im Odenwald. Aufschluß Sonderband 27, 213-228, Heidelberg 1975. - deposits had altered the landscape, it came in Central Europe back to strong movements in the crust: In connection with a rift zone from the Mediterranean to the North Sea broke - in the Tertiary about 45 million years - the Upper Rhine Graben - and hence the Erbacher-Michelstädter ditch. To the subsidence in the Rhine-Main area also includes the Tire Bay. As a result, many cross dissected and transverse fractures in the area now Odenwald mountain blocks and ditches, so that magma could penetrate to the surface. Were formed in the central and northern Odw approximately 35-20 million years ago volcanoes such as the Otzberg. Some columns were filled with ore-bearing quartz and Schwerspatlösungen. The Vulcan blankets are now - have been removed by erosion - as well as the Buntsandstein, Muschelkalk, Keuper and Jurassic - deposits. What is left is the basalt columns at Castle Hill - as remnants of the crater fill. The crystalline rock body was exposed again, Rivers cut a valley and then formed the present landscape. Evidence of its geological past are relics of quarries and mines:Erwin Nickel: „Odenwald - Vorderer Odenwald zwischen Darmstadt und Heidelberg“. Sammlung geologischer Führer (2. Aufl.) 65, Borntraeger Berlin 1985. * Basalt quarry on the stone pavement was collected on Otzberg (see basalt columns) * Feldspar for the porcelain production: in Herring (1880) * Schwerspatabbau (barite), east of Herring (1870) * Iron ore mining is documented since 1472: reduction in Schwerspatgang for Zipf and Wiebelsbach (1850) and in quartz-iron-glance south corridors herring.See also
→ Odenwald#GeologyReferences
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