The Otago Province was a province of New Zealand until the abolition of provincial government in 1876. The capital of the province was

Dunedin Dunedin ( ; mi, Ōtepoti) is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand (after Christchurch), and the principal city of the Otago region. Its name comes from , the Scottish Gaelic name for Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. Th ...

. Southland Province split from Otago in 1861, but became part of the province again in 1870.

Area and history

Otago Province was one of the six original provinces established in New Zealand in 1853. It covered the lower third of the

South Island The South Island, also officially named , is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand in surface area, the other being the smaller but more populous North Island. It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait, to the west by the Tasman ...

. Its northern neighbour was the Canterbury Province, and the boundary was the Waitaki River from the

Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continen ...

to its source in the Southern Alps, and from there a straight line to Awarua Bay (now known as Big Bay) on the west coast. The inland area of the Waitaki catchment was unexplored in 1853 and dispute later arose over which branch of the Waitaki should form the boundary. The boundary was delineated in 1861 as following the Ohau River to Lake Ohau and from there a straight line to Mount Aspiring and Awarua Bay. Southland Province split from Otago in 1861, but became part of the province again in 1870. All the New Zealand provinces were abolished at the end of 1876.

Anniversary Day

New Zealand law provides an anniversary day for each province.

Superintendents

The Otago Province had five Superintendents:

Railways

The Province built the

Port Chalmers Branch The Port Chalmers Branch was the first railway line built in Otago, New Zealand, and linked the region's major city of Dunedin with the port in Port Chalmers. The line is still operational today. Construction and early history Built by the Dune ...

under the auspices of the Dunedin and Port Chalmers Railway Company Limited, and was built to the recently adopted national

track gauge In rail transport, track gauge (in American English, alternatively track gage) is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many d ...

of 1067 mm (3 feet 6 inches), and it was the first line in the country with that gauge to open, on 1 January 1873. The first locomotive to run on the line was the E class ''Josephine'', a double Fairlie

steam locomotive A steam locomotive is a locomotive that provides the force to move itself and other vehicles by means of the expansion of steam. It is fuelled by burning combustible material (usually coal, oil or, rarely, wood) to heat water in the locomot ...

, whose local popularity ensured she was retained beyond her retirement from service on the railways in 1917 and is preserved today in the Otago Settlers Museum in Dunedin. When the Southland province amalgamated with Otago in 1870, the latter acquired the former province's railways - which were built to the standard gauge of 1,435 mm (4 feet 8.5 inches).

Legislation

Otago Harbour Trust Leasing Ordinance 1862 Otago (, ; mi, Ōtākou ) is a region of New Zealand located in the southern half of the South Island administered by the Otago Regional Council. It has an area of approximately , making it the country's second largest local government reg ...

Education Reserves Ordinance 1864 Education is a purposeful activity directed at achieving certain aims, such as transmitting knowledge or fostering skills and character traits. These aims may include the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and honesty. Va ...

Education Reserves Ordinance 1865 Education is a purposeful activity directed at achieving certain aims, such as transmitting knowledge or fostering skills and character traits. These aims may include the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and honesty. Va ...

Harbour Reclaimed Lands Sale and Leasing Ordinance 1868 A harbor (American English), harbour (British English; see spelling differences), or haven is a sheltered body of water where ships, boats, and barges can be docked. The term ''harbor'' is often used interchangeably with ''port'', which is a ...

University of Otago Ordinance 1869 A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...

Dunedin Athenaeum and Mechanics' Institute Ordinance 1870 Dunedin ( ; mi, Ōtepoti) is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand (after Christchurch), and the principal city of the Otago region. Its name comes from , the Scottish Gaelic name for Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. Th ...

, establishing the

Dunedin Athenaeum and Mechanics' Institute Dunedin Athenaeum and Mechanics' Institute is an adult education institute based in a heritage building in Dunedin, New Zealand. The private organisation provided classes and a library for members. Presently it operates a subscription lending li ...

* Oamaru Racecourse Reserve Management Ordinance 1870 * University of Otago Endowment Ordinance 1870 * Blueskin Market Reserve Ordinance 1871 * Invercargill Athenaeum Reserve Management Ordinance 1871 * Northern Agricultural and Pastoral Reserve Management Ordinance 1871 * Lawrence Athenaeum and Mining Institute Ordinance 1872 *

Lawrence Athenaeum and Mining Institute Reserves Management Ordinance 1872 Lawrence may refer to: Education Colleges and universities * Lawrence Technological University, a university in Southfield, Michigan, United States * Lawrence University, a liberal arts university in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States Preparator ...

* Oamaru Town Reserves Management Ordinance 1872 * Cromwell Athenaeum Ordinance 1873 * Dempsey Trust Ordinance 1873 * Invercargill Athenaeum Reserves Management Ordinance 1873 *

Riverton Athenaeum Ordinance 1873 Riverton is the name of several places: ;In Australia: *Riverton, South Australia, a small town and former railway junction in the mid north of South Australia *Riverton, Western Australia, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia **Electoral district o ...

Winton Racecourse Reserve Management Ordinance 1873 Winton may refer to: Places Australia *Winton, Queensland, a town *Shire of Winton, Queensland *Winton, Victoria, a town *Winton Motor Raceway in Winton, Victoria New Zealand *Winton, New Zealand, a town in Southland United Kingdom *Winton, an ar ...

* Caledonian Society of Otago Incorporation Ordinance 1874 * Roslyn Institute Ordinance 1874 * Arrowtown Athenaeum Ordinance 1875 * Invercargill Athenaeum Reserve Management Ordinance 1875 * Riverton Athenaeum Reserves Management Ordinance 1875 * University of Otago Lands Trust Ordinance 1875

References

External links

* A page containing a map of th
old provincial boundaries
is available.
The Seal of Otago
{{coord, -45.46412, 169.86977, type:adm3rd_globe:earth_region:NZ, display=title Provinces of New Zealand History of Otago States and territories established in 1853 1876 disestablishments in New Zealand 1853 establishments in New Zealand