Oscar Olsson (bandy)
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Oscar Ulrik Bernhardin Olsson (
Helsingborg Helsingborg (, , , ) is a city and the seat of Helsingborg Municipality, Scania (Skåne), Sweden. It is the second-largest city in Scania (after Malmö) and ninth-largest in Sweden, with a population of 113,816 (2020). Helsingborg is the cent ...
, 4 July 1877 –
Danderyd Danderyd Municipality (''Danderyds kommun''; ) is a municipality north of Stockholm in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. It is one of the smallest municipalities of Sweden, but the most affluent. Its seat is located in Djursholm and it is ...
, 25 January 1950) is regarded as the father of
study circles A study circle is a small group of people who meet multiple times to discuss an issue. Study circles may be formed to discuss anything from politics to religion to hobbies. They are differentiated from clubs by their focus on exploring an issue or t ...
. He created the first study circle in
Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
in 1902 as part of the
International Order of Good Templars The International Organisation of Good Templars (IOGT; founded as the Independent Order of Good Templars), whose international body is known as Movendi International, is a fraternal organization which is part of the temperance movement, promotin ...
.


Study circles

The study circle for the
International Order of Good Templars The International Organisation of Good Templars (IOGT; founded as the Independent Order of Good Templars), whose international body is known as Movendi International, is a fraternal organization which is part of the temperance movement, promotin ...
was the first environment for establishing the basis and principles of the study circle. According to Olsson the features of a study circle were:http://www.face.stir.ac.uk/documents/Paper109Bjerkader.pdf * People studied in small groups, often at home. * Study material was rare. * Teachers were not considered a necessary prerequisite of study. The leader of the group was an organiser and he or she possessed no theoretical qualifications. * People supplemented their group studies by attending lectures or meetings. * Circle members had no previous theoretical qualifications, but a good deal of practical experience. * They learnt to discuss, argue, show consideration for others, accept defeat and share responsibility. * They experienced a sense of community and identity. * The knowledge they acquired could be directly related to their everyday lives. * Studies began at the initial cognitive level of the members and were guided by their needs. It became apparent that the study circles were a way of empowering and emancipating the working class, as higher education was not a possibility for them due to financial reasons and the need for the young generations to provide for the whole family as soon as they were physically able to. So the study circle was a way of gaining knowledge and education without the financial necessities. As Olson put it, "The emancipation of the working class should be a task for the workers themselves".


Awards

Olsson was awarded the
Illis quorum ''Illis quorum'' (''Illis quorum meruere labores'') (English: "For Those Whose Labors Have Deserved It"), is a gold medal awarded for outstanding contributions to Swedish culture, science or society. The award was introduced in 1784 by King Gust ...
in 1947.


Books by Olsson

* Olsson, O. (1914) ''Bildningssynpunkter''. Stockholm: Oscar Eklunds tryckeri. * Olsson, O. (1922) ''Det svenska folkbildningsarbetet. En sammanfattning'' Stockholm: Oscar Eklunds tryckeri.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Olsson, Oscar 1877 births 1950 deaths Swedish educational theorists Recipients of the Illis quorum