Osbern fitzRichard (sometimes Osbern fitz Richard Scrob;
[Baxter ''Earls of Mercia'' p. 122] died after 1088) was a Frenchman, perhaps Norman, who was a landowner and tenant-in-chief in England. Osbern served as a royal judge and sided with the baronial rebels at the start of King
William II's reign, although he later returned to the king's service.
Background
Osbern was the son of
Richard Scrob, who arrived in England before the
Norman Conquest of England.
[Sanders ''English Baronies'' p. 75] Richard's origins are not known for certain, except that he from France, and may have been a Norman. Richard was the builder of
Richard's Castle
Richard's Castle is a village, castle and two civil parishes on the border of the counties of Herefordshire and Shropshire in England. The Herefordshire section of the parish had a population of 250 at the 2011 Census. The Shropshire section ...
in Herefordshire, one of the few castles in England that predates the Norman Conquest.
[Lewis "Osbern fitz Richard" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'']
Career
Osbern held Richard's Castle at the time of
Domesday Book
Domesday Book () – the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book" – is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William I, known as William the Conqueror. The manus ...
in 1086. His holding of Richard's Castle as a tenant-in-chief is considered to have made him a
feudal baron.
[ Domesday Book records Osbern as owning lands adjacent to his father's lands in 1066, while his father was still alive.][
Osbern added to the lands he had held in 1066 not only by inheritance from his father, but also from his marriage, from royal gifts, and by enfeoffment from other landholders such as the bishop of Worcester and ]Roger de Montgomery
Roger de Montgomery (died 1094), also known as Roger the Great, was the first Earl of Shrewsbury, and Earl of Arundel, in Sussex. His father was Roger de Montgomery, seigneur of Montgomery, a member of the House of Montgomerie, and was probably ...
, the earl of Shrewsbury. His lands in 1086 were situated in Worcestershire
Worcestershire ( , ; written abbreviation: Worcs) is a county in the West Midlands of England. The area that is now Worcestershire was absorbed into the unified Kingdom of England in 927, at which time it was constituted as a county (see H ...
, Warwickshire
Warwickshire (; abbreviated Warks) is a county in the West Midlands region of England. The county town is Warwick, and the largest town is Nuneaton. The county is famous for being the birthplace of William Shakespeare at Stratford-upon-Av ...
, Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire (; abbreviated Notts.) is a landlocked county in the East Midlands region of England, bordering South Yorkshire to the north-west, Lincolnshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south, and Derbyshire to the west. The traditi ...
, and Bedfordshire
Bedfordshire (; abbreviated Beds) is a ceremonial county in the East of England. The county has been administered by three unitary authorities, Borough of Bedford, Central Bedfordshire and Borough of Luton, since Bedfordshire County Council ...
. They were worth over 100 pounds a year.[
Osbern served as a royal judge in Worcestershire during the 1080s, and during the ]Rebellion of 1088
The Rebellion of 1088 occurred after the death of William the Conqueror and concerned the division of lands in the Kingdom of England and the Duchy of Normandy between his two sons William Rufus and Robert Curthose. Hostilities lasted from 3 ...
took the side of the baronial rebels against King William II. His disaffection from the king was not long-lasting, as he later served William.[
]
Family and legacy
Osbern married Nesta or Nest, the daughter of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn
Gruffydd ap Llywelyn ( 5 August 1063) was King of Wales from 1055 to 1063. He had previously been King of Gwynedd and Powys in 1039. He was the son of King Llywelyn ap Seisyll and Angharad daughter of Maredudd ab Owain, and the great-gre ...
[Keats-Rohan ''Domesday People'' p. 316] and Ealdgyth The name Ealdgyth ( ang, Ealdgȳð; sometimes modernized to Aldith, may refer to
* Ealdgyth, daughter of Uhtred the Bold, Earl of Northumbria (died 1016) and Ælfgifu who is a daughter of Æthelred II
* Ealdgyth (floruit 1015–1016) (born c. 9 ...
. Ealdgyth was the daughter of Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia
Ælfgar (died ) was the son of Leofric, Earl of Mercia, by his famous mother Godgifu (Lady Godiva). He succeeded to his father's title and responsibilities on the latter's death in 1057. He gained the additional title of Earl of East Anglia, but a ...
.[
Osbern and his wife had a son, Hugh fitzOsbern,][ and a daughter, Nesta (or perhaps Agnes), who married ]Bernard de Neufmarché
Bernard de Neufmarché (), also Bernard of Newmarket or Bernard of Newmarch was the first of the Norman conquerors of Wales. He was a minor Norman lord who rose to power in the Welsh Marches before successfully undertaking the invasion and co ...
.[ Osbern perhaps had another son, Turstin, who is named as the brother of Hugh fitzOsbern in a charter of Osbern fitzPons.][
Osbern's date of death is unknown, occurring sometime after 1088,][ perhaps after 1100. His heir was his son, Hugh.][
]
Citations
References
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{{authority control
Normans
11th-century deaths
11th-century English landowners