''Oryzias'' is a genus of ricefishes native to fresh and

brackish Brackish water, sometimes termed brack water, is water occurring in a natural environment that has more salinity than freshwater, but not as much as seawater. It may result from mixing seawater (salt water) and fresh water together, as in estua ...

water in east and south Asia. Some species are widespread and the Japanese rice fish (''O. latipes'') is commonly used in science as a

model organism A model organism (often shortened to model) is a non-human species that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena, with the expectation that discoveries made in the model organism will provide insight into the workin ...

, while others have very small ranges and are threatened. They are small, up to long, and most are relatively plain in colour. The genus name ''Oryzias'' is a reference to the

scientific name In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bo ...

for rice, '' Oryza''. They have an unusual reproductive behavior where the female

facultative {{wiktionary, facultative Facultative means "optional" or "discretionary" (antonym '' obligate''), used mainly in biology in phrases such as: * Facultative (FAC), facultative wetland (FACW), or facultative upland (FACU): wetland indicator statuses ...

ly carries the eggs in a cluster at the pelvic or

anal fin Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as see ...

s for a period after they have been fertilized.

Species

Xenopoecilus sarasinorum (Wroclaw zoo)-1

There are currently 33 recognized species in this genus: * '' Oryzias asinua'' Parenti, Hadiaty, Lumbantobing &

Herder A herder is a pastoral worker responsible for the care and management of a herd or flock of domestic animals, usually on open pasture. It is particularly associated with nomadic or transhumant management of stock, or with common land grazi ...

, 2013 * '' Oryzias bonneorum'' Parenti, 2008 * '' Oryzias carnaticus'' Jerdon, 1849 * '' Oryzias celebensis'' M. C. W. Weber, 1894 (Celebes medaka) * '' Oryzias curvinotus''

Nichols Nichols may refer to: People *Nichols (surname) *Nichol, a surname Places Canada * Nichols Islands, Nunavut United States * Nichols, California, an unincorporated community * Nichols Canyon, Los Angeles, California * Nichols, Connecticut * Nich ...

& C. H. Pope, 1927 * '' Oryzias dancena'' F. Hamilton, 1822 * '' Oryzias eversi''

, Hadiaty &

Nolte Nolte is a surname that may refer to: * Bill Nolte (born 1953), U.S. singer and stage actor *Carl Nolte (born ?), U.S. journalist * Charles Nolte (1923–2010), U.S. actor and educator *Claudia Nolte (born 1966), German politician * Dorothy Nolte ( ...

, 2012 * '' Oryzias hadiatyae''

& Chapuis, 2010 (Renny's ricefish) * '' Oryzias haugiangensis'' T. R. Roberts, 1998 * '' Oryzias hubbsi'' T. R. Roberts, 1998 * '' Oryzias javanicus'' Bleeker, 1854 (Javanese ricefish) * ''

Oryzias latipes The Japanese rice fish (''Oryzias latipes''), also known as the medaka, is a member of genus ''Oryzias'' (ricefish), the only genus in the subfamily Oryziinae. This small (up to about ) native of East Asia is a denizen of rice paddies, marshes, ...

Temminck Coenraad Jacob Temminck (; 31 March 1778 – 30 January 1858) was a Dutch aristocrat, zoologist and museum director. Biography Coenraad Jacob Temminck was born on 31 March 1778 in Amsterdam in the Dutch Republic. From his father, Jacob Temminc ...

Schlegel Schlegel is a German occupational surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Anthony Schlegel (born 1981), former American football linebacker * August Wilhelm Schlegel (1767–1845), German poet, older brother of Friedrich * Brad Schlege ...

, 1846 (Japanese ricefish) * '' Oryzias luzonensis'' Herre & Ablan, 1934 * '' Oryzias marmoratus''

Aurich Aurich (; East Frisian Low Saxon: ''Auerk'', West Frisian: ''Auwerk'', stq, Aurk) is a town in the East Frisian region of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Aurich and is the second largest City in East Frisia, both i ...

, 1935 (Marmorated medaka) * '' Oryzias matanensis''

, 1935 (Matano medaka) * '' Oryzias mekongensis'' Uwa & Magtoon, 1986 * '' Oryzias melastigma''

McClelland McClelland is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Alyssa McClelland, Australian actress * Charles A. McClelland (1917–2006), American political systems analyst * Charles P. McClelland (1854–1944), New York politician, and US ...

, 1839 * '' Oryzias minutillus'' H. M. Smith, 1945 (Dwarf medaka) * '' Oryzias nebulosus'' Parenti & Soeroto, 2004 * '' Oryzias nigrimas'' Kottelat, 1990 (black buntingi) * '' Oryzias orthognathus'' Kottelat, 1990 (Sharp-jawed buntingi) * '' Oryzias pectoralis'' T. R. Roberts, 1998 * '' Oryzias profundicola'' Kottelat, 1990 (Yellow finned medaka) * '' Oryzias sakaizumii'' T. Asai,

Senou Senou is a small town and seat of the commune of Kemekafo in the Cercle of Dioila in the Koulikoro Region of south-western Mali Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤 ...

& K. Hosoya, 2012 (Northern medaka) * '' Oryzias sarasinorum'' Popta, 1905 (Sarasins minnow) * '' Oryzias setnai'' Kulkarni, 1940 (Malabar ricefish) * '' Oryzias sinensis'' Y. R. Chen, Uwa & X. L. Chu, 1989 * '' Oryzias soerotoi'' D. F. Mokodongan, Tanaka & Yamahira, 2014 * '' Oryzias songkhramensis'' Magtoon, 2010 * '' Oryzias timorensis'' M. C. W. Weber & de Beaufort, 1922 * '' Oryzias uwai'' T. R. Roberts, 1998 * '' Oryzias wolasi'' Parenti, Hadiaty, Lumbantobing &

, 2013 * '' Oryzias woworae'' Parenti & Hadiaty, 2010 * '' Oryzias dopingdopingensis'' Ixchel F. Mandagi, Daniel Frikli Mokodongan, Tanaka & Yamahira, 2018

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2371293 Adrianichthyidae Taxa named by David Starr Jordan Taxa named by John Otterbein Snyder Taxonomy articles created by Polbot