Oryol Oblast (russian: Орло́вская о́бласть, ''Orlovskaya oblast''), also known as Orlovshchina (russian: Орловщина) is a
federal subject
The federal subjects of Russia, also referred to as the subjects of the Russian Federation (russian: субъекты Российской Федерации, subyekty Rossiyskoy Federatsii) or simply as the subjects of the federation (russian ...
of
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
(an
oblast
An oblast (; ; Cyrillic (in most languages, including Russian and Ukrainian): , Bulgarian: ) is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine, as well as the Soviet Union and the Kingdom of ...
). Its
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
is the
city
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
of
Oryol. Population: 714,094 (Estimate 2022) (
2010 Census — 786,935).
Geography
![Khotynetsky District, Oryol Oblast, Russia - panoramio (6)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Khotynetsky_District%2C_Oryol_Oblast%2C_Russia_-_panoramio_%286%29.jpg)
It is located in the southwestern part of the
Central Federal District
The Central Federal District ( rus, Центра́льный федера́льный о́круг, r=Tsentralny federalny okrug, p=tsɨnˈtralʲnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Geographically, ...
, in the
Central Russian Upland.
In terms of area, at it is one of the smallest federal subjects.
From north to south, it extends for more than , and from west to east—for over .
Kaluga Oblast
Kaluga Oblast (russian: Калу́жская о́бласть, translit=Kaluzhskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kaluga. The 2021 Russian Census found a population of 1,069,904.
G ...
border it to the north-west;
Tula Oblast
Tula Oblast (russian: Ту́льская о́бласть, ''Tulskaya oblast'') is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is geographically in the European Russia region of the country and is part of the Central Federal District, covering ...
is located to the north;
Lipetsk Oblast
Lipetsk Oblast (russian: Липецкая область, Lipetskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Lipetsk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,173,513.
Geography
Lipe ...
— to the east;
Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast ( rus, Курская область, r=Kurskaya oblast, p=ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2010 Census, Kursk Oblast has a populati ...
— to the south, and
Bryansk Oblast
Bryansk Oblast (russian: Бря́нская о́бласть, ''Bryanskaya oblast''), also known as Bryanshchina (russian: Брянщина, ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Bryansk. As of th ...
is to the west.
There are of black earth soils (
chernozem
Chernozem (from rus, чернозём, p=tɕɪrnɐˈzʲɵm, r=chernozyom; "black ground"), also called black soil, is a black-colored soil containing a high percentage of humus (4% to 16%) and high percentages of phosphorus and ammonia compou ...
s) in the oblast, which amounts to three-quarters of the world chernozem reserves.
Climate
The climate is temperate (
Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer
* Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan
* Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...
:
''Dfb''). The winter is moderately cold, with an average January temperature from . Summers are warm and humid, with an average July temperature from . Rainfall averages , and snow cover averages 120 days.
Hydrography
On the territory of the Oryol region there are more than 2 thousand rivers and streams with a total length of , but there are no navigable water ways. The rivers of the region belong to the basins of three rivers:
Volga
The Volga (; russian: Во́лга, a=Ru-Волга.ogg, p=ˈvoɫɡə) is the longest river in Europe. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of , and a catchm ...
,
Don
Don, don or DON and variants may refer to:
Places
*County Donegal, Ireland, Chapman code DON
*Don (river), a river in European Russia
*Don River (disambiguation), several other rivers with the name
*Don, Benin, a town in Benin
*Don, Dang, a vill ...
,
Dnieper
}
The Dnieper () or Dnipro (); , ; . is one of the major transboundary rivers of Europe, rising in the Valdai Hills near Smolensk, Russia, before flowing through Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea. It is the longest river of Ukraine and ...
.
The
Oka river
The Oka (russian: Ока́, ) is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. It flows through the regions of Oryol, Tula, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod and is navigable over a large part of its ...
, one of Europe's largest rivers, flows through the oblast for part of its course (190 km) and the source of it is in the south of the region. Main tributaries:
Zusha
The Zusha (russian: Зуша) is a river in Tula and Oryol Oblast in Russia, a right tributary of the Oka. The length of the river is 234 km. The area of its basin is 6,950 km².[Neruch
The Neruch (russian: Неручь) is a river in Oryol Oblast in Russia, a left tributary of the Zusha
The Zusha (russian: Зуша) is a river in Tula and Oryol Oblast in Russia, a right tributary of the Oka. The length of the river is 234&nb ...]
),
Vytebet
The Vytebet () is a river that flows through the Bryansk, Oryol, and Kaluga Oblasts in Russia. The river is a right tributary of the Zhizdra, and its total length is with a drainage basin
A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowin ...
,
Nugr,
Tson,
Orlik,
Rybnitsa,
Kroma.
Sosna
Sosna is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jiří Sosna (born 1960), Czech judoka
* Kataržina Sosna (born 1990), Lithuanian racing cyclist
* Krzysztof Sosna (born 1969), Polish triathlete
See also
*
{{surname
Polish-langua ...
flows in the eastern part of the region. Main tributaries:
Trudy
Trudy is a diminutive of Gertrude. Notable people with the name include:
People
* Trudy Adams (born 1964), American actress
* Trudy Anderson (born 1959), New Zealand cricketer
* Trudy Bellinger, British music video director
* Trudy Benson ( ...
,
Tim,
Lyubovsha,
Kshen,
Olym.
In the west of the region originate rivers
Nerussa,
Navlya,
Swapa.
1100 lakes and artificial reservoirs of the region cover a total area of about (0,22%).
History
![Наряды Орловской губернии](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg)
In the 12th century, chronicles mention
Mtsensk
Mtsensk (russian: Мценск) is a town in Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the Zusha River (a tributary of the Oka) northeast of Oryol, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 28,000 (1970).
History
It was first mentioned i ...
, known as Novosil then. Then modern Orlovschina was part of the
Chernigov Principality
The Principality of Chernigov ( orv, Чєрниговскоє кънѧжьство; uk, Чернігівське князівство; russian: Черниговское княжество) was one of the largest and most powerful states within ...
. After the death of
Mikhail of Chernigov
Saint Michael of Chernigov (russian: Михаи́л Черни́говский, uk, Миха́йло Все́володович Чернігівський) or Mikhail Vsevolodovich (russian: Михаил Всеволодович, uk, Михай ...
Novosil Principality was formed on these territories. By the end of the 15th century it had disintegrated into four separate principalities and, along with all the other fragments of the Chernigov principality, became a part of
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state that existed from the 13th century to 1795, when the territory was partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Habsburg Empire of Austria. The state was founded by Lit ...
. In the 16th century, the fortress town of Oryol was founded, and the town of
Livny
Livny (russian: Ливны, p=ˈlʲivnɨ) is a town in Oryol Oblast, Russia. As of 2018, it had a population of 47,221. :ru:Ливны#cite note-2018AA-3
History
The town is believed to have originated in 1586 as Ust-Livny, a wooden fort on th ...
, destroyed in the 13th century, was restored. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the territory of modern Oryol was the
borderland of the
Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia or Tsardom of Rus' also externally referenced as the Tsardom of Muscovy, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of Tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter I ...
, with many fortifications of the
Great Abatis Line
Zasechnaya cherta (russian: Большая засечная черта, loosely translated as Great Abatis Line or Great Abatis Border) was a chain of fortification lines, created by Grand Duchy of Moscow and later the Tsardom of Russia to prote ...
. With the reduction of the threat posed by the
Tatars
The Tatars ()[Tatar]
in the Collins English Dictionary is an umbrella term for different , agricultural activity of the area had intensified.
It was created in 1937 by uniting a selection of territories of three other oblasts:
Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast ( rus, Курская область, r=Kurskaya oblast, p=ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2010 Census, Kursk Oblast has a populati ...
,
Western Oblast
Western Oblast (russian: Западная область, ''Zapadnaya oblast'') was an ''oblast'' (a first-level administrative and municipal unit) of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1937. Its seat was in the city ...
, and
Voronezh Oblast
Voronezh Oblast (russian: Воронежская область, Voronezhskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Voronezh. Its population was 2,308,792 as of the 2021 Census.
Geography
V ...
. It also included present
Bryansk Oblast
Bryansk Oblast (russian: Бря́нская о́бласть, ''Bryanskaya oblast''), also known as Bryanshchina (russian: Брянщина, ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Bryansk. As of th ...
between 1937 and 1944.
Politics
200px, Oblast government seat in Lenin Street 1
During the
Soviet
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...
period, the high authority in the oblast was shared between three persons: The first secretary of the Oryol CPSU Committee (who in reality had the biggest authority), the chairman of the oblast Soviet (legislative power), and the Chairman of the oblast Executive Committee (executive power). Since 1991, CPSU lost all the power, and the head of the Oblast administration, and eventually the governor was appointed/elected alongside elected
regional parliament.
The Charter of Oryol Oblast is the fundamental law of the region. The
Oryol Oblast Council of People's Deputies is the province's standing legislative (representative) body. The Legislative Assembly exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The highest executive body is the Oblast Government, which includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day to day matters of the province. The Oblast administration supports the activities of the
Governor of Oryol Oblast
The Governor of Oryol Oblast (russian: Губернатор Орловской области) is the highest official of Oryol Oblast. They head the highest executive body of state power in the region - the Administration of Oryol Oblast.
Histor ...
, who is the highest official and acts as guarantor of the observance of the oblast Charter in accordance with the
Constitution of Russia
The Constitution of the Russian Federation () was adopted by national referendum on 12 December 1993. Russia's constitution came into force on 25 December 1993, at the moment of its official publication, and abolished the Soviet system of gov ...
.
The head of administration of Oryol Oblast between 1993 and 2009 was
Yegor Stroyev
Yegor Semyonovich Stroyev (russian: Его́р Семёнович Стро́ев; born February 25, 1937) is a Russian politician and statesman who served as chairman of the Federation Council of Russia between 1996 and 2001. Previously, he wa ...
. Stroyev led the region for more than 20 years. In 1985 he became the first secretary of the regional committee of the
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first) Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, and after three years (in 1989-1991 he worked as secretary of the
Central Committee of the CPSU
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, – TsK KPSS was the executive leadership of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, acting between sessions of Congress. According to party statutes, the committee directe ...
), in 1991 he returned to Oryol, worked as the director of the Institute of Horticultural Crops Selection, and later was elected governor. On February 16, 2009 Russian President Dmitry Medvedev accepted Stroyev's voluntary retirement and nominated
Alexander Kozlov
Alexander Alexandrovich Kozlov (russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Козло́в; born 2 January 1981) is a Russian politician serving as the Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology of Russia since 10 November 2020.
...
as his replacement, which was approved by the Oryol Regional Council of People's Deputies.
Administrative divisions
![Jubcoin 2005 10rub orlovskayaoblast revers](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Jubcoin_2005_10rub_orlovskayaoblast_revers.gif)
* 3 cities under the oblast's jurisdiction
* 24 districts
** 13 urban-type settlements
** 223 rural settlements
Economy
The main industries in Oryol Oblast are the food and light industries, engineering and metalworking, and ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy. The
engineering
Engineering is the use of scientific method, scientific principles to design and build machines, structures, and other items, including bridges, tunnels, roads, vehicles, and buildings. The discipline of engineering encompasses a broad rang ...
and
metalworking
Metalworking is the process of shaping and reshaping metals to create useful objects, parts, assemblies, and large scale structures. As a term it covers a wide and diverse range of processes, skills, and tools for producing objects on every scal ...
industries manufacture production equipment for various industries,
forklift truck
A forklift (also called lift truck, jitney, hi-lo, fork truck, fork hoist, and forklift truck) is a powered industrial truck used to lift and move materials over short distances. The forklift was developed in the early 20th century by various ...
s,
construction
Construction is a general term meaning the art and science to form Physical object, objects, systems, or organizations,"Construction" def. 1.a. 1.b. and 1.c. ''Oxford English Dictionary'' Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) Oxford University Pr ...
and
agricultural equipment, and
machinery for municipal services. Numerous companies in the instrument-making and
electronics
The field of electronics is a branch of physics and electrical engineering that deals with the emission, behaviour and effects of electrons using electronic devices. Electronics uses active devices to control electron flow by amplification ...
sectors maintain high scientific and technical potential with the latest high-end technologies and experienced specialists. First digital
telephone exchange was introduced in the oblast in 1998.
Agriculture
Most of the oblast's agricultural land is used for plant cultivation. Grain growing is very important, with
winter wheat
Winter wheat (usually '' Triticum aestivum'') are strains of wheat that are planted in the autumn to germinate and develop into young plants that remain in the vegetative phase during the winter and resume growth in early spring. Classificatio ...
and
rye being the main crops.
Buckwheat
Buckwheat (''Fagopyrum esculentum''), or common buckwheat, is a flowering plant in the knotweed family Polygonaceae cultivated for its grain-like seeds and as a cover crop. The name "buckwheat" is used for several other species, such as ''Fagopy ...
,
oat
The oat (''Avena sativa''), sometimes called the common oat, is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed, which is known by the same name (usually in the plural, unlike other cereals and pseudocereals). While oats are suitable for human con ...
s,
barley
Barley (''Hordeum vulgare''), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains, particularly in Eurasia as early as 10,000 years ago. Globally 70% of barley p ...
, and
potatoes are also grown, and
sugar beets are in great demand. The area planted in feed grains is increasing due to the expansion of
livestock
Livestock are the domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting to provide labor and produce diversified products for consumption such as meat, eggs, milk, fur, leather, and wool. The term is sometimes used to refer solely to animal ...
farming, which includes
beef
Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle (''Bos taurus'').
In prehistoric times, humankind hunted aurochs and later domesticated them. Since that time, numerous breeds of cattle have been bred specifically for the quality or quantit ...
and
dairy cattle
Cattle (''Bos taurus'') are large, domesticated, cloven-hooved, herbivores. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae and the most widespread species of the genus ''Bos''. Adult females are referred to as cows and adult ma ...
farming,
pig
The pig (''Sus domesticus''), often called swine, hog, or domestic pig when distinguishing from other members of the genus '' Sus'', is an omnivorous, domesticated, even-toed, hoofed mammal. It is variously considered a subspecies of ''Sus ...
farming,
sheep
Sheep or domestic sheep (''Ovis aries'') are domesticated, ruminant mammals typically kept as livestock. Although the term ''sheep'' can apply to other species in the genus '' Ovis'', in everyday usage it almost always refers to domesticated ...
farming for
meat and
wool
Wool is the textile fibre obtained from sheep and other mammals, especially goats, rabbits, and camelids. The term may also refer to inorganic materials, such as mineral wool and glass wool, that have properties similar to animal wool. ...
,
poultry farming, and
horse breeding.
Transport
Pipelines and power transmission lines are routed through the region's largest
oil-trunk pipeline Druzhba (202 km in area). In the southwestern part of the area lies a small section of the
Urengoy - Pomary - Uzhgorod pipeline.
Oryol is a major hub of pipelines exporting to Belarus, Western Ukraine and the
Baltic states, with branches passing through
Bryansk
Bryansk ( rus, Брянск, p=brʲansk) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Desna (river), River Desna, southwest of Moscow. Population:
Geography Urban la ...
and
Kursk
Kursk ( rus, Курск, p=ˈkursk) is a city and the administrative center of Kursk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kur, Tuskar, and Seym rivers. The area around Kursk was the site of a turning point in the Soviet–German stru ...
.
Automotive
As of 2016, the motorization level of the area was of 314 cars per 1000 people, which is the 15th of any region of Russia and above the national average (285).
Main roads of the region:
* "Crimea" (152 km through
Mtsensk
Mtsensk (russian: Мценск) is a town in Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the Zusha River (a tributary of the Oka) northeast of Oryol, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 28,000 (1970).
History
It was first mentioned i ...
,
Oryol,
Kromy
Kromy (russian: Кромы) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
;Urban localities
* Kromy, Oryol Oblast, an urban-type settlement in Kromskoy District of Oryol Oblast
;Rural localities
* Kromy, Ivanovo Oblast, a '' selo'' in ...
,
Trosna)
*
Oryol —
Tambov
Tambov (, ; rus, Тамбов, p=tɐmˈbof) is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, central Russia, at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenets Rivers, about south-southeast of Moscow. Population: 280,161 ( 2010 Census); 29 ...
(151 km through
Livny
Livny (russian: Ливны, p=ˈlʲivnɨ) is a town in Oryol Oblast, Russia. As of 2018, it had a population of 47,221. :ru:Ливны#cite note-2018AA-3
History
The town is believed to have originated in 1586 as Ust-Livny, a wooden fort on th ...
)
* Oryol —
Vitebsk
Vitebsk or Viciebsk (russian: Витебск, ; be, Ві́цебск, ; , ''Vitebsk'', lt, Vitebskas, pl, Witebsk), is a city in Belarus. The capital of the Vitebsk Region, it has 366,299 inhabitants, making it the country's fourth-largest c ...
(57 km through
Naryshkino)
*
Kaluga — Oryol (67 km through
Bolkhov
Bolkhov (russian: Бо́лхов) is a town and the administrative center of Bolkhovsky District in Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the Nugr River (Oka's tributary), from Oryol, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 12,800 (1 ...
)
*
Trosna —
Kalinovka (12 km)
* ''54А-1'' Oryol —
Yefremov
Yefremov or Efremov (russian: Ефремов) and Yefremova or Efremova (russian: Ефремова; feminine) is a common Russian surname. It is derived from the male given name Yefrem and literally means ''Yefrem's''. Yefrem is the Russian form of ...
(158 km through
Zalegoshch
Zalegoshch (russian: Залегощь) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Zalegoshchensky District of Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the Neruch River, east of Oryol
Oryol ( rus, Орёл, p=ɐ ...
,
Novosil
Novosil (russian: Новоси́ль) is a town and the administrative center of Novosilsky District in Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Zusha River east of Oryol, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:
His ...
)
Railway
![Вокзал Мценск](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA.jpg)
The main line is the double track electrified main line Moscow -
Kharkiv
Kharkiv ( uk, wikt:Харків, Ха́рків, ), also known as Kharkov (russian: Харькoв, ), is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city and List of hromadas of Ukraine, municipality in Ukraine.[Simferopol
Simferopol () is the second-largest city in the Crimean Peninsula. The city, along with the rest of Crimea, is internationally recognised as part of Ukraine, and is considered the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. However, it is ...]
(136 km through
Mtsensk
Mtsensk (russian: Мценск) is a town in Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the Zusha River (a tributary of the Oka) northeast of Oryol, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 28,000 (1970).
History
It was first mentioned i ...
,
Oryol,
Zmievka and
Glazunovka).
Other lines:
* Oryol —
Yelets
Yelets, or Elets (russian: Еле́ц), is a city in Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Bystraya Sosna River, which is a tributary of the Don. Population:
History
Yelets is the oldest center of the Central Black Earth Region. It was me ...
(130 km through
Zalegoshch
Zalegoshch (russian: Залегощь) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Zalegoshchensky District of Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the Neruch River, east of Oryol
Oryol ( rus, Орёл, p=ɐ ...
,
Verkhovye,
Khomutovo and
Krasnaya Zarya)
** branch in
Livny
Livny (russian: Ливны, p=ˈlʲivnɨ) is a town in Oryol Oblast, Russia. As of 2018, it had a population of 47,221. :ru:Ливны#cite note-2018AA-3
History
The town is believed to have originated in 1586 as Ust-Livny, a wooden fort on th ...
and
Dolgoye
* historical
Riga — Oryol (64 km through
Naryshkino and
Khotynets)
* Oryol —
Dmitriyev
Dmitriyev or Dmitriev (russian: Дми́триев) is a common Russian surname that is derived from the male given name Dmitry and literally means ''Dmitry's''. It may refer to:
* Aleksandr Dmitriyev (conductor) (born 1935), Russian conductor
* Al ...
(83 km through
Kromy
Kromy (russian: Кромы) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
;Urban localities
* Kromy, Oryol Oblast, an urban-type settlement in Kromskoy District of Oryol Oblast
;Rural localities
* Kromy, Ivanovo Oblast, a '' selo'' in ...
)
*
Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast ( rus, Курская область, r=Kurskaya oblast, p=ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2010 Census, Kursk Oblast has a populati ...
—
Kolpna
Kolpna (russian: Колпна́), until 1 January 2006 as Kolpny (russian: Ко́лпны, link=no), is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Kolpnyansky District of Oryol Oblast, Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation ...
(20 km)
Demographics
![Life expectancy in Russian subject -Oryol Oblast](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Oryol_Oblast.png)
Population: 714,094 (est.2022);
;2017
*Births: 7 143 (9.56 per 1000)
*Deaths: 11 839 (15.84 per 1000)
;
2017 - 1.42 , 2016 - 1.59 , 2015 - 1.60 , 2014 - 1.55 , 2013 - 1.53 , 2012 - 1.54 , 2011 - 1.43 , 2010 - 1.50 , 2009 - 1.45
;
*
Russians
, native_name_lang = ru
, image =
, caption =
, population =
, popplace =
118 million Russians in the Russian Federation (2002 '' Winkler Prins'' estimate)
, region1 =
, pop1 ...
- 96.1%
*
Ukrainians
Ukrainians ( uk, Українці, Ukraintsi, ) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine. They are the seventh-largest nation in Europe. The native language of the Ukrainians is Ukrainian. The majority of Ukrainians are Eastern Ort ...
- 1%
*Others - 2.9%
*17,468 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.
;
According to a 2012 survey,
40.9% of the population of Oryol Oblast adheres to the
Russian Orthodox Church
, native_name_lang = ru
, image = Moscow July 2011-7a.jpg
, imagewidth =
, alt =
, caption = Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow, Russia
, abbreviation = ROC
, type ...
, 5% are
unaffiliated generic
Christians
Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words '' Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρ ...
, 1% are Orthodox Christian believers who don't belong to church or belong to non-Russian
Orthodox church
Orthodox Church may refer to:
* Eastern Orthodox Church
* Oriental Orthodox Churches
* Orthodox Presbyterian Church
* Orthodox Presbyterian Church of New Zealand
* State church of the Roman Empire
* True Orthodox church
See also
* Orthodox (di ...
es, 1% are adherents of the
Rodnovery
The Slavic Native Faith, commonly known as Rodnovery
* bg, Родноверие, translit=Rоdnoverie
* bs, Rodnovjerje
* mk, Родноверие, translit=Rodnoverie
* cz, Rodnověří
* hr, Rodnovjerje
* pl, Rodzimowierstwo; Rodzima ...
(Slavic native faith) movement, and 1% are
Old Believers. In addition, 34% of the population declares to be "
spiritual but not religious
"Spiritual but not religious" (SBNR), also known as "spiritual but not affiliated" (SBNA), is a popular phrase and initialism used to self-identify a life stance of spirituality that does not regard organized religion as the sole or most valuable ...
", 8% is
atheist, and 9.1% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.
References
External links
*
*
Overview of Oryol Oblast(''
Kommersant
''Kommersant'' (russian: Коммерсантъ, , ''The Businessman'' or Commerce Man, often shortened to Ъ) is a nationally distributed daily newspaper published in Russia mostly devoted to politics and business. The TNS Media and NRS Russia ...
'' newspaper)
Central Eurasian Information Resource: Images of Oryol Oblast- University of Washington Digital Collection
{{Authority control
States and territories established in 1937
1937 establishments in the Soviet Union