The Order of the Crown of Romania is a

chivalric order An order of chivalry, order of knighthood, chivalric order, or equestrian order is an order (distinction), order of knights, typically founded during or inspired by the original Catholic Military order (religious society), military orders of the ...

set up on 14 March 1881 by King

Carol I of Romania Carol I or Charles I of Romania (20 April 1839 – ), born Prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, was the monarch of Romania from 1866 to his death in 1914, ruling as Prince (''Domnitor'') from 1866 to 1881, and as King from 1881 to 1914. He w ...

to commemorate the establishment of the

Kingdom of Romania The Kingdom of Romania ( ro, Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed in Romania from 13 March ( O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian ...

. It was awarded as a state order until the end of the Romanian monarchy in 1947. It was revived on 30 December 2011 as a

dynastic order A dynastic order, monarchical order, or house order is an order under royal patronage. Such an order is bestowed by, as a legitimate , a sovereign or the head of a once-sovereign ruling family. These are often considered part of the cultural pat ...

Classes

The order had five classes, most of them with limited numbers: * Grand Cross (limited to 25) * Grand Officer (limited to 80) * Commander (limited to 150) * Officer (limited to 300) * Knight (unlimited numbers)

Insignia

Decoration

Orde van de Kroon van Roemenie met Zwaarden na 1932

The religious character of the model of 1881 is a red-enamelled, eight-pointed Maltese Cross with wider margin of gold and white. In the angles of the cross were "C"s, the initials of the founder. The medallion in the middle of the cross shows a royal crown on dark red background. The medallion is surrounded by a white-frost edge surrounded the inscription PRIN NOI INSINE (by ourselves) and the order's foundation date of 14 March 1881. On the back of the medallion is 10 Mai (May 10), the National Day as well as the years 1866 (enthronement of Carol and the foundation of the Romanian dynasty), 1877 (proclamation of Romanian fully independence), 1881 (proclamation of the Kingdom and of Carol as King of Romania).

Other

The Order's sash or ribbon is light blue with two silver stripes. Grand Cross members wore the decoration on a sash from the right shoulder to left waist, Grand Officers and Commanders around the neck and Knights and Officers on the left breast. For the two highest classes of the order an eight-pointed silver star was also worn on the left breast, Grand Cross members wearing it as an order-insignia and Grand Officers as a medallion, surrounded by four royal crowns since 1932.

Recipients

Grand Cross

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* William Horwood *

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*Lt.-col. Constantin C. Roșescu, participant in Operation Autonomous *

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, 2nd President of Poland *

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Grand Officer class

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* Katō Hiroharu (1920) Rear Admiral, Imperial Japanese Navy

Commander class

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* Arthur Irving Andrews (1878–1967), American college professor. Awarded c. 1929 for "historical writings on Rumanian subjects". *

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(1873-1919), British Army officer * Kurt Lottner * Gheorghe Manoliu

Order class

* Kennedy, Clyde McLean Awarded July 1919 - Lieutenant 20th Battalion (CEF)

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Crown, Order of the (Romania) Orders, decorations, and medals of Romania 1881 establishments in Romania Awards established in 1881