''Opegrapha'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of mostly

lichen A lichen ( , ) is a hybrid colony (biology), colony of algae or cyanobacteria living symbiotically among hypha, filaments of multiple fungus species, along with yeasts and bacteria embedded in the cortex or "skin", in a mutualism (biology), m ...

-forming

fungi A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...

in the family

Opegraphaceae ''Opegraphaceae'' is a family of lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi in the order Arthoniales. It was originally proposed by German lichenologist Ernst Stizenberger in 1862. It fell into disuse, but was resurrected in a molecular phylogenetic ...

. These lichens form

crusty Crust punk (also known as stenchcore or simply crust) is a fusion genre of anarcho-punk and extreme metal that originated in the early to mid-1980s in England. Originally, the genre was primarily mid-tempo, making use of metal riffs in a strip ...

patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded

fruiting bodies The sporocarp (also known as fruiting body, fruit body or fruitbody) of fungi is a multicellular structure on which spore-producing structures, such as basidia or asci, are borne. The fruitbody is part of the sexual phase of a fungal life cyc ...

that look like tiny scribbles or dashes on the surface. The genus includes more than 100 species found worldwide, with most partnering with orange-pigmented

green alga The green algae (: green alga) are a group of chlorophyll-containing autotrophic eukaryotes consisting of the phylum Prasinodermophyta and its unnamed sister group that contains the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/ Streptophyta. The land plants ( ...

e, though some live as

parasites Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives (at least some of the time) on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The en ...

on other lichens.

Description

''Opegrapha'' species form a crust-like

thallus Thallus (: thalli), from Latinized Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. A thallus usually names the entir ...

that adheres tightly to bark, rock or even the surface of other lichens. This crust may be paper-thin or rather thick and is often cracked into a mosaic of small . Colours range from chalk white through shades of grey and mauve to dark brown or olive-green, and a narrow dark sometimes outlines individual colonies. Most members partner with the orange-pigmented green alga '' Trentepohlia'', but a few live parasitically on lichens that employ different algal partners. Powdery reproductive patches (

soralia Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens. Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or g ...

) are uncommon and, when present, remain discrete rather than fusing into large swathes. The sexual fruit-bodies are characteristically apothecia—elongated, often branching slits that resemble tiny scribbles in the thallus. In bark-dwelling or lichenicolous forms these slits may round off into short dashes or nearly circular discs. Each apothecium sits flush with, or slightly above, the

substrate Substrate may refer to: Physical layers *Substrate (biology), the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached ** Substrate (aquatic environment), the earthy material that exi ...

; it lacks a true rim of thallus tissue, though a thin pseudo-margin may form. A tough black wall () encloses the fertile layer and usually remains opaque, so the exposed surface looks like a narrow, glossy cleft; when thin sections are treated with the K

spot test Spot analysis, spot test analysis, or a spot test is a chemical test, a simple and efficient technique where analytic assays are executed in only one, or a few drops, of a chemical solution, preferably in a great piece of filter paper, without usin ...

the internal tissues turn olive or reddish-brown, a useful field test. Inside, a gel-filled layer of branched, cross-walled filaments () weaves among the club-shaped asci. These asci split apart along two walls when the eight

ascospore In fungi, an ascospore is the sexual spore formed inside an ascus—the sac-like cell that defines the division Ascomycota, the largest and most diverse Division (botany), division of fungi. After two parental cell nucleus, nuclei fuse, the ascu ...

s are released—a mechanism called dehiscence—and a faint blue-staining ring at the tip can be seen with

iodine Iodine is a chemical element; it has symbol I and atomic number 53. The heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists at standard conditions as a semi-lustrous, non-metallic solid that melts to form a deep violet liquid at , and boils to a vi ...

staining. The spindle-shaped spores bear multiple cross-walls, start colourless and may develop a reddish-brown, grainy coat as they age. Minute black

pycnidia A pycnidium (plural pycnidia) is an asexual fruiting body produced by mitosporic fungi, for instance in the order Sphaeropsidales ( Deuteromycota, Coelomycetes) or order Pleosporales (Ascomycota, Dothideomycetes). It is often spherical or inve ...

, partially sunk in the crust, exude colourless curved

conidia A conidium ( ; : conidia), sometimes termed an asexual chlamydospore or chlamydoconidium (: chlamydoconidia), is an asexual, non- motile spore of a fungus. The word ''conidium'' comes from the Ancient Greek word for dust, ('). They are also ...

that provide an alternative means of dispersal. Despite the chemical diversity found in many roccellaceous lichens, ''Opegrapha'' generally lacks secondary

lichen product Lichen products, also known as lichen substances, are organic compounds produced by a lichen. Specifically, they are secondary metabolites. Lichen products are represented in several different chemical classes, including terpenoids, orcinol deri ...

s. Taken together—crustose thallus, slit-like or rounded black apothecia with a pigmented excipulum, branched paraphysoids, multiseptate spores and fissitunicate asci—these traits distinguish ''Opegrapha'' from superficially similar genera such as '' Graphis'' (unbranched paraphyses and iodine-positive spores), ''

Enterographa ''Enterographa'' is a genus of lichens in the family Roccellaceae. These lichens grow as thin, paint-like crusts on tree bark that range in colour from off-white and pale grey to dark olive-green or brown, sometimes breaking into networks of t ...

'' (much narrower, clustered apothecia) and '' Schismatomma'' (persistent thalline margin). Conidial size and shape are especially diagnostic at the species level, as is the number of spore septa. Ongoing molecular work shows that traditional morphological boundaries between ''Opegrapha'' and allied genera (e.g. '' Lecanactis'', '' Lecanographa'') need further refinement, but the suite of characters outlined above still provides a practical field definition of the genus.

Species

Species include: *'' Opegrapha agelaea'' Fée *''

Opegrapha agelaeina ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Jatta *'' Opegrapha agelaeoides'' Nyl. *'' Opegrapha anguinella'' (Nyl.) Ertz & Diederich *''

Opegrapha anomea ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Nyl. *''

Opegrapha areniseda ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Nyl. *'' Opegrapha astraea'' Tuck. *'' Opegrapha aurantiaca'' B.de Lesd. *'' Opegrapha bisokeana'' Ertz *'' Opegrapha blakii'' Ertz & Diederich *''

Opegrapha bonplandii ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies ...

'' Fée *''

Opegrapha borbonica ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crustose lichen, crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded ...

'' Ertz *''

Opegrapha brevis ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Coppins *''

Opegrapha brevissima ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Kalb & Hafellner *''

Opegrapha briancoppinsii ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' S.Y.Kondr., Lőkös & Hur *'' Opegrapha bryoriae'' Zhurb. *''

Opegrapha buelliae ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Zhurb. *''

Opegrapha candida ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crustose lichen, crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded ...

'' Müll.Arg. *''

Opegrapha cesareensis ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crustose lichen, crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded ...

'' Nyl. *''

Opegrapha chapsae ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Etayo *''

Opegrapha cladoniicola ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies ...

'' Ertz & Diederich *''

Opegrapha corinnae ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Egea & Ertz *''

Opegrapha corticola ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crustose lichen, crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded ...

'' Coppins & P.James *''

Opegrapha deblockiae ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Ertz *'' Opegrapha dekeselii'' Ertz *'' Opegrapha demutata'' Nyl. *'' Opegrapha diaphoriza'' Nyl. *'' Opegrapha diffracticola'' R.C.Harris & Ladd *''

Opegrapha dolomitica ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' (Arnold) Clauzade & Cl.Roux ex Torrente & Egea *''

Opegrapha ectolechiacearum ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Matzer & R.Sant. *''

Opegrapha enterographae ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Etayo *''

Opegrapha epiporina ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Matzer *''

Opegrapha erosa ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Egea & Ertz *''

Opegrapha foreaui ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crustose lichen, crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded ...

'' (Moreau) Hafellner & R.Sant. *'' Opegrapha fumosa'' Coppins & P.James *''

Opegrapha fuscothallina ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies ...

'' Lücking & Matzer *''

Opegrapha geographicola ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' (Arnold) Hafellner *''

Opegrapha gilmorei ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' P.M.McCarthy & Elix *'' Opegrapha granulosa'' S.Joseph & G.P.Sinha *'' Opegrapha grossulina'' Müll.Arg. *''

Opegrapha gyrophorica ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' F.Seavey & J.Seavey *''

Opegrapha hafellneri ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' E.Zimm., Etayo & F.Berger *''

Opegrapha halophila ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Brodo & Tønsberg *''

Opegrapha heliabravoa ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Herrera-Camp. & Lücking *''

Opegrapha hellespontica ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Vondrák & Kocourk. *''

Opegrapha herbarum ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Mont. *'' Opegrapha inalbescens'' (Stirt.) Müll.Arg. *''

Opegrapha insidens ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crustose lichen, crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded ...

'' (J.Steiner) S.Y.Kondr. *''

Opegrapha interveniens ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Müll.Arg. *''

Opegrapha intrusa ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Stirt *''

Opegrapha invadens ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Etayo *'' Opegrapha keyensis'' F.Seavey & J.Seavey *'' Opegrapha lacteella'' Müll.Arg. *''

Opegrapha lambinonii ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Sérus. *''

Opegrapha lamyi ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' (O.J.Rich. ex Nyl.) Triebel *''

Opegrapha leptocarpoides ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Zahlbr. *'' Opegrapha leptoplacella'' (Müll.Arg.) Vězda *''

Opegrapha leucinia ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crustose lichen, crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded ...

'' Müll.Arg. ex Shirley *''

Opegrapha leucoplaca ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Müll.Arg. *'' Opegrapha levidensis'' Willey *''

Opegrapha lichenicola ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies ...

'' G.Thor, Lücking & Tat. Matsumoto *''

Opegrapha lithyrga ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Ach. *''

Opegrapha lopezariae ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Etayo & Sipman *''

Opegrapha luzonensis ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Sérus. *''

Opegrapha maldiveana ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies ...

'' Ertz *'' Opegrapha maligna'' Triebel *'' Opegrapha megagonidia'' C.Knight *''

Opegrapha melanospila ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Müll.Arg. *''

Opegrapha mesophlebia ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Nyl. *''

Opegrapha microcycla ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Tuck. *''

Opegrapha minutula ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Müll.Arg. *''

Opegrapha moroziana ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Lendemer *'' Opegrapha multipuncta'' Coppins & P.James *'' Opegrapha niveoatra'' (Borrer) J.R.Laundon *''

Opegrapha nyungweana ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Ertz *''

Opegrapha parasitica ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' (A.Massal.) H.Olivier *''

Opegrapha paraxanthodes ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies ...

'' Nyl. *'' Opegrapha pauciexcipulata'' Aptroot & Yazıcı *''

Opegrapha perturbans ''Opegrapha perturbans'' is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungus in the family Opegraphaceae. Discovered on the Pacific coast of Chile, it was described as new to science in 2003 by Gerhard Follman. The holotype was collected in ...

'' Follmann *'' Opegrapha pertusariicola'' Coppins & P.James *'' Opegrapha phaeophysciae'' R.Sant., Diederich, Ertz & Christnach *''

Opegrapha physciaria ''Opegrapha physciaria'' is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungus in the family Opegraphaceae. This tiny black fungus lives harmlessly within the tissues of the common sunburst lichen (''Xanthoria parietina''), producing small d ...

'' (Nyl.) D.Hawksw. & Coppins *''

Opegrapha prosodea ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Ach. *'' Opegrapha protocetrarica'' F.Seavey & J.Seavey *'' Opegrapha protuberans'' Zahlbr. *''

Opegrapha pulvinata ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crustose lichen, crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded ...

'' Rehm *'' Opegrapha ramisorediata'' Aptroot & M.Cáceres *''

Opegrapha ravenelii ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' (Tuck.) Tehler *''

Opegrapha reactiva ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' (Alstrup & D.Hawksw.) Etayo & Diederich *''

Opegrapha reinkellae ''Opegrapha reinkellae'' is a species of lichenicolous fungus, lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungus in the family Opegraphaceae. Discovered on the Pacific coast of Peru, it was species description, described as new to science in 2003 by Gerhar ...

'' Follmann *''

Opegrapha romsiae ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' S.Y.Kondr. & Kudratov *'' Opegrapha rotunda'' Hafellner *''

Opegrapha rubefacta ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Räsänen *'' Opegrapha rupestris'' Pers. *''

Opegrapha salmonea ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Ertz & Diederich *''

Opegrapha saxicola ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies ...

'' Ach. *''

Opegrapha serusiauxii ''Opegrapha serusiauxii'' is a species of lichen in the family Opegraphaceae. It was described as a new species in 2008 by Robert Lücking. It is found in Ecuador, where it grows on leaves in the understorey of tropical rainforests. The specif ...

'' Lücking *'' Opegrapha sorediifera'' P.James *''

Opegrapha sphaerophoricola ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Isbrand & Alstrup *''

Opegrapha stellanigra ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Etayo *'' Opegrapha stellata'' C.Knight *'' Opegrapha stereocaulicola'' Alstrup & D.Hawksw. *'' Opegrapha strigulae'' R.Sant. ex Matzer & R.Sant. *''

Opegrapha subdictyospora ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies ...

'' M.Cáceres, E.L.Lima & Aptroot *''

Opegrapha subdimidiata ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Ertz *''

Opegrapha submaritima ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Hafellner *'' Opegrapha suecica'' Källsten ex G.Thor *'' Opegrapha thelotrematis'' Coppins *'' Opegrapha trassii'' S.Y.Kondr. & Coppins *'' Opegrapha trochodes'' Coppins, F.Berger & Ertz *'' Opegrapha tuxtlensis'' Herrera-Camp. & Lücking *''

Opegrapha ugandensis ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Ertz *'' Opegrapha ulleungdoensis'' S.Y.Kondr., Lőkös & Hur *''

Opegrapha umbellulariae ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded fruiting bodies t ...

'' Zahlbr. *'' Opegrapha vermicellifera'' (J.Kunze) J.R.Laundon *''

Opegrapha verseghyklarae ''Opegrapha verseghyklarae'' is a little-known species of lichenicolous fungus, lichenicolous (lichen-eating) fungus in the family Opegraphaceae. It is found in the Russian Far East, where it grows on the thallus, thalli and apothecia of the crus ...

'' S.Y.Kondr., Lőkös & Hur *'' Opegrapha vulgata'' Ach. *''

Opegrapha vulpina ''Opegrapha vulpina'' is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-eating) fungus in the family Opegraphaceae. It is found in the Czech Republic, Dobruja, Romania, and the Italian Apennine Mountains. It grows parasitically on two species of saxicolou ...

'' Vondrák, Kocourk. & Tretiach *''

Opegrapha xanthonica ''Opegrapha'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. These lichens form crustose lichen, crusty patches on bark, rock, or other lichens, and are easily recognized by their distinctive black, slit-like or rounded ...

'' Aptroot & M.Cáceres *'' Opegrapha xerica'' Torrente & Egea

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q7095657 Opegraphaceae Lichen genera Taxa named by Erik Acharius Arthoniomycetes genera Taxa described in 1809