''Cadellia'' is a monotypic genus of trees in the botanical family Surianaceae. The sole species, ''Cadellia pentastylis'', commonly known as ooline, is a medium to large tree with bright green leaves and rough tile-pattern bark. It has rain forest origins dating from the Pleistocene Era when much of

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

was wetter than it is today. It grows on moderately fertile soils, preferably those suited for agriculture or pasture development. Due to extensive

forest clearing Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated d ...

, it is now considered a vulnerable plant in Australia.

Description

The ''Cadellia'' tree grows to be about 10 m - rarely 25 m in height. It has leaves that are alternate, undivided and obovate or "oval" in shape. Flowering occurs from about October to December. The flowers have five white petals, about 5–7 mm in length. The ooline's fruit is brownish, wrinkled, and remains surrounded by five red

sepals A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined b ...

at its base. Fruiting generally occurs from November to December. The fruit's edibility for humans is not stated.

Distribution

''Cadellia pentastylis'' is listed as vulnerable under the Australian Environment and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. Small and typically fragmented stands of Ooline may be found in scattered localities on the lower western slopes of Australia's great dividing range between latitudes of 24ºS to 30ºS. Populations are known from the North Western Slopes of New South Wales; such as around Mount Black Jack near Gunnedah, Tenterfield,

Terry Hie Hie Terry Hie Hie is a very small farming town in the north of New South Wales, Australia within the Moree Plains Shire Council. Terry Hie Hie is south of the Gwydir Highway, east of the Newell Highway and 47 km south-east of Moree, the nea ...

, and Moree. Ooline can also be found in

Sundown National Park Sundown is a national park in Queensland, Australia, 198 km south west of Brisbane. The park contains spectacular gorge country and a number of peaks higher than 1,000 m. Landforms It is the source of the Severn River, which is the st ...

and

Tregole National Park Tregole is a national park in South West Queensland, Australia, 603 km west of Brisbane. Until the gazetting of the park in 1975, the area was a grazing property. The park is located where the brigalow and mulga biospheres meet and has a ...

in Queensland.

Taxonomy

The ''Cadellia'' is one of four sections of the Fabales clade. Its pollen is prolate spheroidal, striate with a granular aperture surface membrane. Pollen morphology has linked the Surianaceae in a clade comprising Polygalaceae,

Fabaceae The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenc ...

, and ''

Quillaja ''Quillaja'' is a genus of flowering plants, the only extant genus in the family Quillajaceae with two or three known species. It was once thought to be in the rose family, Rosaceae, but recent research shows it belongs in its own family. The i ...

''. There are also strong genetic affinities between the Mexican endemic genus ''

Recchia ''Recchia'' is a genus of trees in the family Surianaceae. It is native to tropical habitats of Mexico. Species It includes the following species: * '' Recchia connaroides'' — endemic to Oaxaca state in southwestern Mexico. * '' Recchia mexic ...

'' and ''Cadellia''. These can be determined by different types of microscopy, such as; light microscopy, scanning electro microscopy, transmission electro microscop

Gallery

Image:Ooline - silhouette Terry Hie Hie.jpg, Ooline -

Gamilaroi Nature Reserve The Gamilaroi Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve, part of the southern Brigalow Belt, that is located in the North West Slopes region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The reserve is situated southeast of , and about south ...

NSW ) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , es ...

Image:Tregole NP Black Orchids DSC03273.JPG, Black Orchids growing on Ooline -

Image:Ooline - base soil moss at Terry Hie Hie.jpg, Base of an Ooline thicket, with associated mosses -

image:Trgole NP Ooline Trees DSC03274.JPG, Stand of ''Cadellia pentastylis'' in

References

* WOS:000227860100005 / Pollen morphology of families Quillajaceae and Surianaceae (Fabales) * WOS:A1995TM23000006 / A reassessment of the familial affinity of the Mexican genus Recchia Mocino & Sesse ex DC * PlantNET - The Plant Information Network System of Botanic Gardens Trust, Sydney, Australia * Curran, T.J. & Curran, S.R. (2005). Rediscovery of Ooline, Cadellia pentastylis, near Gunnedah: notes on the habitat and ecology of this dry rainforest tree. Cunninghamia 9 (2): 311-316. * Department of Environment & Climate Change New South Wales (2005), Ooline - Profile, Accessed 18 March 2009. http://www.threatenedspecies.environment.nsw.gov.au/tsprofile/profile.aspx?id=10118 . * Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (2008). Cadellia pentastylis in Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Canberra. Accessed 25/09/2008. * Harden, G.J., McDonald, W.J.F. & Williams, J.B. (2006). Rainforest trees and shrubs: a field guide to their identification in Victoria, New South Wales and subtropical Queensland using vegetative features. Gwen Harden Publishing, Nambucca Heads, NSW. * Herbrecs (2008). Cadellia pentastylis, in BriMapper version 2.12. Queensland Herbarium. Accessed 25/09/2008. * Pollock, A.B. (1999). Cadellia pentastylis, in Species Management Manual. Department of Natural Resources, Brisbane. * www.nationalcapital.gov.au https://archive.today/20121129011753/http://wetlandinfo.derm.qld.gov.au/wetlands/factsfigures/FloraAndFauna/Species/cadellia-pentastylis.html {{Taxonbar, from=Q5016356, from2=Q15604341 Fabales of Australia Trees of Australia Flora of New South Wales Flora of Queensland Vulnerable flora of Australia Monotypic Fabales genera Surianaceae Taxa named by Ferdinand von Mueller