Onias II (
Hebrew
Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...
: חוֹנִיּוֹ ''Ḥōniyyō'' or ''Honio'' or ''Honiyya ben Shimon'';
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
: ''Onias Simonides'') was the son of
Simon I Simon I may refer to:
* Simon I (High Priest) (310–291 or 300–270 BCE)
* Simon I de Montfort (1025–1087)
* Simon I de Senlis, Earl of Huntingdon-Northampton (died c. 1111)
* Simon I, Duke of Lorraine (1076–1138)
* Simon I, Count of Saarbrü ...
. He was still a minor when his father died, so that his uncle
Eleazar
Eleazar (; ) or Elʽazar was a priest in the Hebrew Bible, the second High Priest, succeeding his father Aaron after he died. He was a nephew of Moses.
Biblical narrative
Eleazar played a number of roles during the course of the Exodus, from c ...
, and after him the latter's uncle
Manasseh
Manasseh () is both a given name and a surname. Its variants include Manasses and Manasse.
Notable people with the name include:
Surname
* Ezekiel Saleh Manasseh (died 1944), Singaporean rice and opium merchant and hotelier
* Jacob Manasseh (die ...
, officiated as high priests before he himself succeeded to that dignity. According to
Josephus
Flavius Josephus (; grc-gre, Ἰώσηπος, ; 37 – 100) was a first-century Romano-Jewish historian and military leader, best known for ''The Jewish War'', who was born in Jerusalem—then part of Roman Judea—to a father of priestly d ...
, he was a covetous man and of limited intelligence, whose refusal to pay the twenty talents of silver which every high priest was required to pay to the
King of Egypt
King of Egypt () was the title used by the ruler of Egypt between 1922 and 1951. When the United Kingdom issued the Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence on 28 February 1922, thereby ending its protectorate over Egypt, Egypt's Sult ...
threatened to imperil both the high priest and the people; but at this juncture Joseph, the clever
son of Tobias and nephew of Onias, succeeded in pacifying
Ptolemy III Euergetes
, predecessor = Ptolemy II
, successor = Ptolemy IV
, nebty = ''ḳn nḏtj-nṯrw jnb-mnḫ-n-tꜢmrj'Qen nedjtinetjeru inebmenekhentamery''The brave one who has protected the gods, a potent wall for The Beloved Land
, nebty_hiero ...
(reigned 246 to 222 BC). Onias is said to have died, almost simultaneously with his nephew Joseph, during the reign of
Seleucus IV Philopator
Seleucus IV Philopator (Greek: Σέλευκος Φιλοπάτωρ; c. 218 – 3 September 175 BC), ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire, reigned from 187 BC to 175 BC over a realm consisting of Syria (now including Cilicia and Judea), Mesop ...
(reigned 187 BC to 175 BC), hence about 181 BC.
[Josephus]
''Ant.'' xii. 4. § 10.''Ant.'' xii. 4. § 10. - Loeb translation
/ref> His successor in office was Simon II.
Patrilineal ancestry
References
Resources
Gottheil, Richard and Samuel Krauss. "Onias".
''Jewish Encyclopedia
''The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day'' is an English-language encyclopedia containing over 15,000 articles on th ...
''. Funk and Wagnalls, 1901–1906, which cites to the following bibliography:
:*H. P. Chajes, ''Beiträge zur Nordsemitischen Onomatologie'', p. 23, Vienna, 1900 (on the name);
:*Herzfeld, ''Gesch. des Volkes Jisrael,'' i. 185-189, 201-206;
:*Heinrich Grätz
Heinrich Graetz (; 31 October 1817 – 7 September 1891) was amongst the first historians to write a comprehensive history of the Jewish people from a Jewish perspective.
Born Tzvi Hirsch Graetz to a butcher family in Xions (now Książ Wielkop ...
, ''Gesch''. 2d ed., ii. 236;
:*Emil Schürer
Emil Schürer (2 May 184420 April 1910) was a German Protestant theology, theologian known mainly for his study of the history of the Jews around the time of Jesus' ministry.
Biography
Schürer was born in Augsburg. After studying at the universi ...
, ''Gesch''. 3d ed., i. 182, 194-196; iii. 97-100;
:*Niese, in ''Hermes'', xxxv. 509;
:*Wellhausen, I. J. G. 4th ed., p. 248, Berlin, 1901;
:*Willrich, ''Juden und Griechen vor der Makkabäischen Erhebung,'' pp. 77, 109, Göttingen, 1895;
:*Adolf Büchler
Adolf Büchler (also Adolph) (18 October 1867 in Priekopa, Hungary (now Slovakia) – 1939) was an Austro-Hungarian rabbi, historian and theologian.
Biography
In 1887, he began his theological studies at the Rabbinical Seminary of Budapest, and a ...
, ''Die Tobiaden und die Oniaden,'' pp. 166, 240, 275, 353, Vienna, 1899;
:* J. P. Mahaffy, ''The Empire of the Ptolemies,'' pp. 217, 353, London, 1895;
:*Gelzer, ''Sextus Julius Africanus,'' ii. 170-176, Leipsic, 1885;
:*Isaac Hirsch Weiss
Isaac (Isaak) Hirsch Weiss, also Eisik Hirsch Weiss () (9 February 1815 – 1 June 1905), was an Austrian Talmudist and historian of literature born at Groß Meseritsch, Habsburg Moravia.
After having received elementary instruction in Hebrew ...
, ''Dor,'' i. 130 (on the halakic view of the temple of Onias).
*
{{High Priests of Judaism
3rd-century BCE High Priests of Israel
2nd-century BCE High Priests of Israel
Ptolemaic Jews