The Omsk Refinery (russian: Омский нефтеперерабатывающий завод) is an
oil refinery plant in the Russian city of
Omsk
Omsk (; rus, Омск, p=omsk) is the administrative center and largest city of Omsk Oblast, Russia. It is situated in southwestern Siberia, and has a population of over 1.1 million. Omsk is the third largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk ...
, one of the largest in the country. This refinery has belonged to the Russian state-owned company
Gazprom
PJSC Gazprom ( rus, Газпром, , ɡɐzˈprom) is a Russian majority state-owned multinational energy corporation headquartered in the Lakhta Center in Saint Petersburg. As of 2019, with sales over $120 billion, it was ranked as the larges ...
since 1995 through its subsidiary
Gazprom Neft. The refinery produces over 50 different types of oil products, including
gasoline,
jet fuel
Jet fuel or aviation turbine fuel (ATF, also abbreviated avtur) is a type of aviation fuel designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines. It is colorless to straw-colored in appearance. The most commonly used fuels for commercial a ...
,
bitumen
Asphalt, also known as bitumen (, ), is a sticky, black, highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum. It may be found in natural deposits or may be a refined product, and is classed as a pitch. Before the 20th century, the term a ...
, and
natural gas. Their products generally follow
European emission standards
The European emission standards are vehicle emission standards for pollution from the use of new land surface vehicles sold in the European Union and EEA member states and the UK, and ships in EU waters. The standards are defined in a ser ...
. Its aromatics complex produces a range of aromatics of high purity:
benzene (99.98% purity),
''p''-Xylene (99.95% purity) and
''o''-Xylene (99.6% purity).
History
In 1949,
Soviet authorities approved the decision to construct a new oil refinery near the city of Omsk. This refinery first started operations on 6 September 1955,
and began processing gasoline by 1959. It was subordinate to the
Ministry of Oil Industry from 1951 to June 1957, then to the Omsk
Sovnarkhoz's Oil Industry Directorate from July 1957 to 1962.
Feedstock from
Bashkortostan was initially processed at Omsk. Feedstock from Siberia followed in 1964. Later feedstocks were delivered through the
Ust-Balyk–Omsk pipeline.
By the mid-1970s, the refinery processed an estimated 24 million tons of oil products, the highest in the entire country.
A unit commissioned in 1994 enabled the refinery to process
heavy oil and to increase oil conversion rates to 85%.
In 1995, the refinery became a part of
Sibneft, which was renamed to "Gazprom" in 2006.
As of 2021, the refinery could process 22 million tons of refined petroleum products per year and the capital invested to date in the plant was 60 billion rubles.
As of 2021, the refinery was able to produce 300,000 tons of internationally-certified
JET A-1 jet fuel per year. The refinery was then able to regulate "production levels for automobile and aviation fuels, as well as raw materials for lubricants. The central hydrocracking portion of the also will ensure further processing of heavy petroleum fractions into diesel fuel, jet fuel, and other high-quality products in compliance with
Euro 5-quality standards". The refinery now complied fully with the clean air and ecology regulations adopted under a decree of May 2018, and was fitted out with
sulfur
Sulfur (or sulphur in British English) is a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16. It is abundant, multivalent and nonmetallic. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with a chemical formula ...
-removal technologies in order to remove 99.8% of sulfur compounds.
On 25 April 2024, Russian media reported a fire at the Omsk Refinery. The authorities used
fire trains to combat the blaze. Ukraine was blamed for the fire, which engulfed three rail cars.
On 26 August 2024, an explosion and subsequent fire took place burning some , injuring seven workers. Crude distillation unit named CDU-11, one of the "two largest primary refining units at the plant" was destroyed. The unit was responsible for roughly one-third of plant capacity. One of the seven injured later died.
References
{{Reflist
Buildings and structures in Omsk Oblast
Oil refineries in Russia
Oil refineries in the Soviet Union