Olga Arsenievna Oleinik (also as ''Oleĭnik'') HFRSE (russian: link=no, О́льга Арсе́ньевна Оле́йник) (2 July 1925 – 13 October 2001) was a

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...

mathematician A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, structure, space, models, and change. History On ...

who conducted pioneering work on the theory of partial differential equations, the theory of strongly inhomogeneous elastic media, and the mathematical theory of

boundary layer In physics and fluid mechanics, a boundary layer is the thin layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface formed by the fluid flowing along the surface. The fluid's interaction with the wall induces a no-slip boundary cond ...

s. She was a student of Ivan Petrovsky. She studied and worked at the

Moscow State University M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU; russian: Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова) is a public research university in Moscow, Russia and the most prestigious ...

. She received many prizes for her remarkable contributions: the Chebotarev Prize in 1952; the State Prize 1988; the Petrowsky Prize in 1995; and the Prize of the

Russian Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across ...

in 1995. Also she was member of several foreign academies of sciences, and earned several honorary degrees.

Life

On 2 May 1985 Olga Oleinik was awarded the

laurea In Italy, the ''laurea'' is the main post-secondary academic degree. The name originally referred literally to the laurel wreath, since ancient times a sign of honor and now worn by Italian students right after their official graduation ceremony ...

honoris causa by the

Sapienza University of Rome The Sapienza University of Rome ( it, Sapienza – Università di Roma), also called simply Sapienza or the University of Rome, and formally the Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", is a public research university located in Rome, Ita ...

, jointly with

Fritz John Fritz John (14 June 1910 – 10 February 1994) was a German-born mathematician specialising in partial differential equations and ill-posed problems. His early work was on the Radon transform and he is remembered for John's equation. He was a ...

.See .

Work

Research activity

She authored more than 370 mathematical publications and 8 monographs, as the sole author or in collaboration with others: her work covers algebraic geometry, the theory of partial differential equations where her work enlightened various aspects,

elasticity theory In physics and materials science, elasticity is the ability of a body to resist a distorting influence and to return to its original size and shape when that influence or force is removed. Solid objects will deform when adequate loads are ...

and

s theory.

Teaching activity

She was an enthusiast and very active teacher, advising the

thesis A thesis ( : theses), or dissertation (abbreviated diss.), is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings.International Standard ISO 7144: ...

of 57 "

candidates A candidate, or nominee, is the prospective recipient of an award or honor, or a person seeking or being considered for some kind of position; for example: * to be elected to an office — in this case a candidate selection procedure occurs. * t ...

Selected publications of Olga Oleinik

*. An important paper where the author describes generalized solutions of

nonlinear In mathematics and science, a nonlinear system is a system in which the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input. Nonlinear problems are of interest to engineers, biologists, physicists, mathematicians, and many othe ...

partial differential equations as ''BV'' functions. *. An important paper where the author constructs a

weak solution In mathematics, a weak solution (also called a generalized solution) to an ordinary or partial differential equation is a function for which the derivatives may not all exist but which is nonetheless deemed to satisfy the equation in some precis ...

in '' BV'' for a

partial differential equation with the method of

vanishing viscosity Vanishing may refer to: Entertainment *Vanishing, a type of magical effect. Mathematics * The mathematical concept, see root of a function Music * A song from the A Perfect Circle album ''Thirteenth Step'' * A song from ''Mariah Carey' ...

. *. An important paper in the theory of the

Stefan problem In mathematics and its applications, particularly to phase transitions in matter, a Stefan problem is a particular kind of boundary value problem for a system of partial differential equations (PDE), in which the boundary between the phases can m ...

: generalizing earlier work of her doctoral student S. L. Kamenomostskaya, the author proves the existence of a

generalized solution In mathematics, a weak solution (also called a generalized solution) to an ordinary or partial differential equation is a function for which the derivatives may not all exist but which is nonetheless deemed to satisfy the equation in some precise ...

for the multi dimensional model. * (reviews of the Russian edition). *. *. *. *. *. *.

Notes

References

Biographical and general references

*. The story of the life of

Gaetano Fichera Gaetano Fichera (8 February 1922 – 1 June 1996) was an Italian mathematician, working in mathematical analysis, linear elasticity, partial differential equations and several complex variables. He was born in Acireale, and died in Rome. Biog ...

written by his wife, Matelda Colautti Fichera: this reference is important for understanding the friendship between Olga Oleinik, Gaetano Fichera and his wife. *. Some recollections of the authors about

Olga Ladyzhenskaya Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya (russian: Óльга Алекса́ндровна Лады́женская, link=no, p=ˈolʲɡə ɐlʲɪˈksandrəvnə ɫɐˈdɨʐɨnskəɪ̯ə, a=Ru-Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya.wav; 7 March 1922 – 12 Jan ...

and Olga Oleinik. *. An ample commemorative paper written by three friends/collaborators. * (Also available at the

Internet Archive The Internet Archive is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications/games, music, ...

). *. A short obituary notice by Louis Nirenberg. *. Some recollections of the author about

and Olga Oleinik. *. An almost comprehensive obituary article: its English

translation Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between ''transla ...

is published in the

Russian Mathematical Surveys ''Uspekhi Matematicheskikh Nauk'' (russian: Успехи математических наук) is a Russian mathematical journal, published by the Russian Academy of Sciences and Moscow Mathematical Society and translated into English as ''Russi ...

as . *. The "''regest of honoris causa degrees from 1944 to 1985''" (English translation of the title) is itself a detailed and carefully commented regest of all the documents of the official archive of the Sapienza University of Rome pertaining to the honoris causa degrees awarded or not. It includes all the awarding proposals submitted during the considered period, detailed presentations of the work of the candidate, if available, and precise references to related articles published on Italian newspapers and magazines, if the

was awarded.

Scientific references

*. This monograph consists of two volumes and is devoted to second-order partial differential equations (mainly, equations with nonnegative characteristic form). A number of problems of qualitative theory (for example, local smoothness and hypoellipticity) are presented, and the work of many contributors, like Olga Oleinik,

, the Author himself and others area thoroughly reviewed. *. This monograph consists of two volumes and is devoted to second-order partial differential equations (mainly, equations with nonnegative characteristic form). A number of problems of qualitative theory (for example, local smoothness and hypoellipticity) are presented, and the work of many contributors, like Olga Oleinik,

, the Author himself and others area thoroughly reviewed.

External links

*. The

proceedings In academia and librarianship, conference proceedings is a collection of academic papers published in the context of an academic conference or workshop. Conference proceedings typically contain the contributions made by researchers at the confere ...

of a workshop in honour of

and Olga Oleinik. *. *. * *. A biography in th
Biographies of Women Mathematicians
Agnes Scott College. {{DEFAULTSORT:Oleinik, Olga Arsenievna Soviet mathematicians Soviet women mathematicians 1925 births 2001 deaths 20th-century Russian mathematicians Moscow State University alumni Academic staff of Moscow State University Academic staff of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Full Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences Recipients of the USSR State Prize Algebraic geometers Mathematical physicists PDE theorists Burials in Troyekurovskoye Cemetery