Odilon Marc Lannelongue (4 December 1840 – 22 December 1911) was a French

surgeon In modern medicine, a surgeon is a medical professional who performs surgery. Although there are different traditions in different times and places, a modern surgeon usually is also a licensed physician or received the same medical training as ...

who was a native of Castéra-Verduzan. In 1867 he earned his medical doctorate at

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

, where he was a student of

Charles-Pierre Denonvilliers Charles-Pierre Denonvilliers (4 February 1808 – 5 July 1872) was a French surgeon who was a native of Paris. In 1837 he received his medical doctorate, and later was a professor of surgery and anatomy in Paris. Denonvilliers was a pioneer of f ...

(1808–1872) and Auguste Nélaton (1807–1873). In 1883 he became a professor at the

Faculté de Médecine de Paris , image_name = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Coat of Arms , latin_name = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis , motto = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' (Latin) , mottoeng = Here and a ...

, and in 1895 became a member of the

Academy of Sciences An academy of sciences is a type of learned society or academy (as special scientific institution) dedicated to sciences that may or may not be state funded. Some state funded academies are tuned into national or royal (in case of the Unite ...

. Later in life he became interested in politics, being chosen as senator from the

department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...

Gers Gers (; oc, Gers or , ) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southwestern France. Named after the Gers River, its inhabitants are called the ''Gersois'' and ''Gersoises'' in French. In 2019, it had a population of 191,377.

in 1906. Lannelongue is remembered for his work involving

bone disease Bone disease refers to the medical conditions which affect the bone. Terminology A bone disease is also called an "osteopathy", but because the term osteopathy is often used to refer to an alternative health-care philosophy, use of the term can ...

s, especially

osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis (OM) is an infection of bone. Symptoms may include pain in a specific bone with overlying redness, fever, and weakness. The long bones of the arms and legs are most commonly involved in children e.g. the femur and humerus, while the ...

and bone

tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in ...

. In 1892 he performed the first

craniectomy Decompressive craniectomy ('' crani-'' + '' -ectomy'') is a neurosurgical procedure in which part of the skull is removed to allow a swelling brain room to expand without being squeezed. It is performed on victims of traumatic brain injury, st ...

for

craniosynostosis Craniosynostosis is a condition in which one or more of the fibrous sutures in a young infant's skull prematurely fuses by turning into bone (ossification), thereby changing the growth pattern of the skull. Because the skull cannot expand perpe ...

, an operation that involved correction of a sagittal

synostosis Synostosis (plural: synostoses) is fusion of two or more bones. It can be normal in puberty, fusion of the epiphyseal plate to become the epiphyseal line, or abnormal. When synostosis is abnormal it is a type of dysostosis. Examples of synostoses ...

. He is also credited for introducing a method of treatment for synovial tuberculosis through the use of

chloride The chloride ion is the anion (negatively charged ion) Cl−. It is formed when the element chlorine (a halogen) gains an electron or when a compound such as hydrogen chloride is dissolved in water or other polar solvents. Chloride salts ...

zinc Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. Zinc is a slightly brittle metal at room temperature and has a shiny-greyish appearance when oxidation is removed. It is the first element in group 12 (IIB) of the periodi ...

injections. In 1911 he founded the ''Médaille internationale de chirurgie'' (Foundation Lannelongue) in memory of his wife, Marie Lannelongue (née Cibiel), who served as a nurse during the Franco-Prussian War. This award is issued every five years by the ''Académie nationale de chirurgie'' (National Academy of Surgery). During his medical career, Lannelongue had several famous persons as patients, such as

Léon Gambetta Léon Gambetta (; 2 April 1838 – 31 December 1882) was a French lawyer and republican politician who proclaimed the French Third Republic in 1870 and played a prominent role in its early government. Early life and education Born in Cahors, Ga ...

Sarah Bernhardt Sarah Bernhardt (; born Henriette-Rosine Bernard; 22 or 23 October 1844 – 26 March 1923) was a French stage actress who starred in some of the most popular French plays of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including '' La Dame Aux Camel ...

and

Félix Faure Félix François Faure (; 30 January 1841 – 16 February 1899) was the President of France from 1895 until his death in 1899. A native of Paris, he worked as a tanner in his younger years. Faure became a member of the Chamber of Deputies for Se ...

Associated eponyms

* Lannelongue's foramina: Also known as

foramina venarum minimarum In the anatomy of the heart, the smallest cardiac veins, also known as the Thebesian veins (for Adam Christian Thebesius), are small valveless veins in the walls of all four heart chambers. Structure Course The smallest cardiac veins are mo ...

, which are

foramina In anatomy and osteology, a foramen (;Entry "foramen"
in

of the smallest veins of the

heart The heart is a muscular organ in most animals. This organ pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. The pumped blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the body, while carrying metabolic waste such as carbon dioxide t ...

. * Lannelongue's ligaments: Also known as sternopericardiac ligaments.

References

* ''This article is partially based on a translation of an equivalent article at the

French Wikipedia The French Wikipedia (french: Wikipédia en français) is the French-language edition of Wikipedia, the free online encyclopedia. This edition was started on 23 March 2001, two months after the official creation of Wikipedia. It has article ...

.''
''Odilon Marc Lannelongue''
@

Who Named It ''Whonamedit?'' is an online English-language dictionary of medical eponyms and the people associated with their identification. Though it is a dictionary, many eponyms and persons are presented in extensive articles with comprehensive bibliograph ...

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Lannelongue, Odilon 1840 births 1911 deaths People from Gers Independent Radical politicians Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of Parliament for Gers French Senators of the Third Republic Senators of Gers French surgeons Academic staff of the University of Paris Members of the French Academy of Sciences Commanders of the Legion of Honour