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Tanbark is the
In Europe, oak is a common source of tanbark. Quercitannic acid is the chief constituent found in oak barks. The bark is taken from young branches and twigs in oak coppices and can be up to 4 mm thick; it is grayish-brown on the outside and brownish-red on the inner surface.
In some areas of the United States, such as northern California, "mulch" is often called tanbark, even by manufacturers and distributors. In these areas, the word "mulch" may refer to peat moss or to very fine tanbark. In California, '' Notholithocarpus densiflorus'' (commonly known as the ''tanoak'' or ''tanbark-oak'') was used.
In America,
File:EichenLoheSchaeler1.jpg, Tool to recover bark from oak branches
File:Schleissen 1.jpg, Recovery of bark from oak branches
File:Schleissen 2.jpg, Another view of the process
File:Oakbark.jpg, The bark of an oak tree
File:Young red oak bark.jpg, Young red oak bark
Tanbark is the bark
Bark may refer to:
* Bark (botany), an outer layer of a woody plant such as a tree or stick
* Bark (sound), a vocalization of some animals (which is commonly the dog)
Places
* Bark, Germany
* Bark, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland
Arts, ...
of certain species of trees, traditionally used for tanning
Tanning may refer to:
* Tanning (leather), treating animal skins to produce leather
* Sun tanning, using the sun to darken pale skin
** Indoor tanning, the use of artificial light in place of the sun
** Sunless tanning, application of a stain or d ...
hides __NOTOC__
Hide or hides may refer to:
Common uses
* Hide (skin), the cured skin of an animal
* Bird hide, a structure for observing birds and other wildlife without causing disturbance
* Gamekeeper's hide or hunting hide or hunting blind, a stru ...
into leather.
The words " tannin", "tanning
Tanning may refer to:
* Tanning (leather), treating animal skins to produce leather
* Sun tanning, using the sun to darken pale skin
** Indoor tanning, the use of artificial light in place of the sun
** Sunless tanning, application of a stain or d ...
", " tan," and "tawny
Tawny may refer to:
* Tawny (given name), a feminine given name
* Tawny (color)
* Tawny port, a fortified wine
* ''Tawny'', a 1954 record album by Jackie Gleason
* Tawny, a townland in Kilcar, County Donegal, Ireland
See also
* Tenné, a "sta ...
" are derived from the Medieval Latin ''tannare'', "to convert into leather."
Bark mills are horse- or oxen-driven or water-powered edge mills and were used in earlier times to shred the tanbark to derive tannins for the leather industry. A "barker" was a person who stripped bark from trees to supply bark mills.
Tanbark around the world
In Europe, oak is a common source of tanbark. Quercitannic acid is the chief constituent found in oak barks. The bark is taken from young branches and twigs in oak coppices and can be up to 4 mm thick; it is grayish-brown on the outside and brownish-red on the inner surface.
In some areas of the United States, such as northern California, "mulch" is often called tanbark, even by manufacturers and distributors. In these areas, the word "mulch" may refer to peat moss or to very fine tanbark. In California, '' Notholithocarpus densiflorus'' (commonly known as the ''tanoak'' or ''tanbark-oak'') was used.
In America, condensed tannin
Condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins, polyflavonoid tannins, catechol-type tannins, pyrocatecollic type tannins, non-hydrolyzable tannins or flavolans) are polymers formed by the condensation of flavans. They do not contain sugar residues.
They ...
s are also present in the bark of blackjack oak ('' Quercus marilandica''). In New York
New York most commonly refers to:
* New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York
* New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States
New York may also refer to:
Film and television
* '' ...
, on the slopes of Mount Tremper, hemlock bark was a major source of tanbark during the 19th century.
Around the Mediterranean Sea, sumach ('' Rhus coriaria'') leaves and bark are used.
In Africa and Australia, acacia
''Acacia'', commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a large genus of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae. Initially, it comprised a group of plant species native to Africa and Australasia. The genus na ...
(called "wattle") bark is used by tanners. One ton of wattle or mimosa bark produces about 150 lbs of pure tannin.''The National Cyclopaedia of Useful Knowledge'', Vol II (1847), Charles Knight, London, p.873. Used tanbark is employed in horticulture and spread on flower beds and in glass houses to keep down weeds and protect plant roots.
See also
* BarkdustReferences
External links
{{Non-timber forest products Tanning (leather) Non-timber forest products