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Nosema bombycis is a species of
Microsporidia Microsporidia are a group of spore-forming unicellular parasites. These spores contain an extrusion apparatus that has a coiled polar tube ending in an anchoring disc at the apical part of the spore. They were once considered protozoans or prot ...
of the genus '' Nosema'' infecting
silkworms The domestic silk moth (''Bombyx mori''), is an insect from the moth family Bombycidae. It is the closest relative of ''Bombyx mandarina'', the wild silk moth. The silkworm is the larva or caterpillar of a silk moth. It is an economically im ...
, responsible for
pébrine Pébrine, or "pepper disease," is a disease of silkworms, which is caused by protozoan microsporidian parasites, mainly '' Nosema bombycis'' and, to a lesser extent, '' Vairimorpha'', '' Pleistophora'' and '' Thelohania'' species. The parasites i ...
. This species was the first microsporidium described, when pebrine decimated silkworms in farms in the mid-19th century. This description was made by
Carl Nägeli Carl Wilhelm von Nägeli (26 or 27 March 1817 – 10 May 1891) was a Swiss botanist. He studied cell division and pollination but became known as the man who discouraged Gregor Mendel from further work on genetics. He rejected natural select ...
.
Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur (, ; 27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895) was a French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurization, the latter of which was named af ...
, taking up an idea of Osimo which had not been successful,Pasteur mentions Osimo's ideas in Louis Pasteur, ''Studies on silkworm disease''; Œuvres complètes, t. 4, p. 38-39
online
Summarizing a development by the Pasteurian Émile Duclaux (Émile Duclaux, ''Pasteur, histoire d'un esprit'', Sceaux, 1896, p. 198
online
, P. Debré writes that Pasteur was "led to propose a seed sorting method almost identical to that recommended a few years earlier by Orcino ead: Osimo If the latter had failed, asserts Pasteur, it was through a lack of confidence; which, of course, is not his case." P. Debré, ''Louis Pasteur'', Flammarion, 1994, p. 210.
showed breeders a practical way to select uninfected individuals to recreate new healthy farms.


References

Microsporidia {{Improve categories, date=February 2022