''Norsteroids'' (
nor- In chemical nomenclature, nor- is a prefix to name a structural analog that can be derived from a parent compound by the removal of one carbon atom along with the accompanying hydrogen atoms. The nor-compound can be derived by removal of a , , or C ...
, L. ''norma'', from "normal" in chemistry, indicating carbon removal) are a structural class of steroids that have had an atom or atoms (typically carbon) removed,
biosynthetically or
synthetically, from positions of branching off of rings or side chains (e.g., removal of
methyl groups), or from within rings of the steroid ring system.
For instance, 19-norsteroids (e.g.,
19-norprogesterone) constitute an important class of natural and synthetic steroids derived by removal of the methyl group of the
natural product progesterone; the equivalent change between
testosterone
Testosterone is the primary sex hormone and anabolic steroid in males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testes and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristi ...
and
19-nortestosterone (nandrolone) is illustrated below.
Examples
Norsteroid examples include:
19-norpregnane
19-Norpregnane, also known as 13β-methyl-17β-ethylgonane, is a norsteroid and the 19-demethyl structural analog, analogue of pregnane. It is the parent compound of 19-norprogesterone (19-norpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) and chemical derivative, deriva ...
(from
pregnane
Pregnane, also known as 17β-ethylandrostane or as 10β,13β-dimethyl-17β-ethylgonane, is a C21 steroid and, indirectly, a parent of progesterone. It is a parent hydrocarbon for two series of steroids stemming from 5α-pregnane (originally allop ...
),
desogestrel
Desogestrel is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills for women. It is also used in the treatment of menopausal symptoms in women. The medication is available and used alone or in combination with an estrogen. It is taken b ...
,
ethylestrenol
Ethylestrenol, also known as ethyloestrenol or ethylnandrol and sold under the brand names Maxibolin and Orabolin among others, is an androgen and anabolic steroid (AAS) medication which has been used in the past for a variety of indications such ...
,
etynodiol diacetate
Etynodiol diacetate, or ethynodiol diacetate, sold under the brand names Demulen and Femulen among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills. The medication is available only in combination with an estrogen. It is t ...
,
ethinylestradiol
Ethinylestradiol (EE) is an estrogen medication which is used widely in birth control pills in combination with progestins. In the past, EE was widely used for various indications such as the treatment of menopausal symptoms, gynecological disord ...
,
gestrinone
Gestrinone, sold under the brand names Dimetrose and Nemestran among others, is a medication which is used in the treatment of endometriosis. It has also been used to treat other conditions such as uterine fibroids and heavy menstrual bleeding ...
,
levonorgestrel,
norethisterone (norethindrone),
norgestrel, norpregnatriene (from
pregnatriene
A pregnatriene is a triene derivative of a pregnane.
An example is cortivazol.
References
See also
* Pregnane
Pregnane, also known as 17β-ethylandrostane or as 10β,13β-dimethyl-17β-ethylgonane, is a C21 steroid and, indirectly, a parent ...
),
quinestrol
Quinestrol, also known as ethinylestradiol cyclopentyl ether (EECPE), sold under the brand name Estrovis among others, is an estrogen medication which has been used in menopausal hormone therapy, hormonal birth control, and to treat breast cancer ...
,
19-norprogesterone (from a
progesterone),
Nomegestrol acetate
Nomegestrol acetate (NOMAC), sold under the brand names Lutenyl and Zoely among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills, menopausal hormone therapy, and for the treatment of gynecological disorders.http://www.ema. ...
,
(from a
testosterone
Testosterone is the primary sex hormone and anabolic steroid in males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testes and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristi ...
), and
norethisterone acetate
Norethisterone acetate (NETA), also known as norethindrone acetate and sold under the brand name Primolut-Nor among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills, menopausal hormone therapy, and for the treatment of gyn ...
.
References
External links
*
Steroids
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