Nikolai Vasilyevich Orlov (Russian: Николай Васильевич Орлов; 8 May 1863, Buytsy,

Tula Governorate Tula Governorate (russian: Тульская губерния) was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, located in the south of Moscow Governorate. The Governate existed from 1796 to 1929; its s ...

- 5 August 1924,

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...

) was a Russian

genre Genre () is any form or type of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially-agreed-upon conventions developed over time. In popular usage, it normally describes a category of literature, music, or other for ...

painter and art teacher; associated with the

Peredvizhniki Peredvizhniki ( rus, Передви́жники, , pʲɪrʲɪˈdvʲiʐnʲɪkʲɪ), often called The Wanderers or The Itinerants in English, were a group of Russian realist artists who formed an artists' cooperative in protest of academic restr ...

and a friend of

Leo Tolstoy Count Lev Nikolayevich TolstoyTolstoy pronounced his first name as , which corresponds to the romanization ''Lyov''. () (; russian: link=no, Лев Николаевич Толстой,In Tolstoy's day, his name was written as in pre-refor ...

Biography

His first art lessons came from his uncle, a local icon painter. From 1882 to 1892 he studied at the

Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture The Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (russian: Московское училище живописи, ваяния и зодчества, МУЖВЗ) also known by the acronym MUZHZV, was one of the largest educational insti ...

with

Illarion Pryanishnikov Illarion Mikhailovich Pryanishnikov (russian: Илларио́н Миха́йлович Пря́нишников; – ) was a Russian painter, one of the founders of the Peredvizhniki artistic cooperative, which broke away from the rigors ...

and

Vladimir Makovsky Vladimir Yegorovich Makovsky (russian: Влади́мир Его́рович Мако́вский; 26 January (greg.: 7 February) 1846, Moscow – 21 February 1920, Petrograd) was a Russian painter, art collector, and teacher. Biography Makovs ...

.Brief biography
@ ArtInvestment.ru He graduated with a silver medal and his family moved to the village of Kuleshovo in

Kaluga Governorate Kaluga Governorate (1796–1929) was a List of governorates of the Russian Empire, governorate of the Russian Empire and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR. Its capital was Kaluga. Administrative division Kaluga Go ...

, where he painted decorations at the local church. In 1893, he began exhibiting with the Peredvizhniki and became a member in 1896. Two years later, he moved to the village of Obiralovka, near Moscow then, in 1902, to Moscow itself. He became friends with Leo Tolstoy, with whom he shared many opinions, and was a frequent visitor to

Yasnaya Polyana Yasnaya Polyana ( rus, Я́сная Поля́на, p=ˈjasnəjə pɐˈlʲanə, literally: "Bright Glade") is a writer's house museum, the former home of the writer Leo Tolstoy. Bartlett, p. 25 It is southwest of Tula, Russia, and from Mosco ...

from 1907 to 1910. Tolstoy often referred to him as "my favorite artist" and wrote the foreword to a collection of Orlov's paintings called "Russian Peasants", published in 1909. In the summers from 1909 to 1912, he lived and worked at the estate of Leo's son,

Sergei Tolstoy Count Sergei Lvovich Tolstoy (Russian: Сергей Львович Толстой; 10 July 1863, Yasnaya Polyana – 23 December 1947, Moscow) was a composer and ethnomusicologist who was among the first Europeans to make an in-depth study of the ...

, a composer and ethnomusicologist, near in Tula Governorate. At this time, he also received some financial support from

Maxim Gorky Alexei Maximovich Peshkov (russian: link=no, Алексе́й Макси́мович Пешко́в; – 18 June 1936), popularly known as Maxim Gorky (russian: Макси́м Го́рький, link=no), was a Russian writer and social ...

.Biographical notes
@ the Lipetsk Oblast website. During the 1900s, he painted icons and church decorations in

Tambov Tambov (, ; rus, Тамбов, p=tɐmˈbof) is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, central Russia, at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenets Rivers, about south-southeast of Moscow. Population: 280,161 ( 2010 Census); 29 ...

, Tula, Kaluga and Orel Governorates. From 1913 to 1919, he and his family lived quietly in

Lipetsk Lipetsk ( rus, links=no, Липецк, p=ˈlʲipʲɪtsk), also romanized as Lipeck, is a city and the administrative center of Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, located on the banks of the Voronezh River in the Don basin, southeast of Moscow. Populat ...

; avoiding World War I and the Russian Revolution. While there, he taught drawing at a girls' school. The

Russian Civil War {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Russian Civil War , partof = the Russian Revolution and the aftermath of World War I , image = , caption = Clockwise from top left: {{flatlist, *Soldiers ...

eventually led him to take his family to the Kuban, where he helped to organize a peasant commune. The war followed, however and, in 1922, gunmen raided the commune's warehouses, killing his son and two of his daughters in the process."Орлов - мой любимый художник" (Orlov, my favorite artist)
@ GoldKey. After this tragedy, he settled in

Maykop Maykop (russian: Майкоп, p=mɐjˈkop mɐj'kop); ady, Мыекъуапэ, Mıéquapə ) is the capital city of the Republic of Adygea in Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River (a tributary of the Kuban River). It borders Ma ...

, but could not get over his grief, became ill, and returned to Moscow just before his death in 1924.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Orlov, Nikolai 1863 births 1924 deaths 19th-century painters from the Russian Empire Russian male painters 20th-century Russian painters Russian genre painters People from Tula Governorate Peredvizhniki Leo Tolstoy Social realist artists Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture alumni