Necil Kazım Akses (May 6, 1908 – February 16, 1999) was a Turkish classical composer.

Life

Akses studied music and composition at the Musikakademie in

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with

Joseph Marx Joseph Rupert Rudolf Marx (11 May 1882 – 3 September 1964) was an Austrian composer, teacher and critic. Life and career Marx was born in Graz and pursued studies in philosophy, art history, German studies, and music at Graz University, earnin ...

and at the

Prague Conservatory The Prague Conservatory or Prague Conservatoire ( cs, Pražská konzervatoř) is a music school in Prague, Czech Republic, founded in 1808. Currently, Prague Conservatory offers four or six year study courses, which can be compared to the level ...

Prague Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and List of cities in the Czech Republic, largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 milli ...

with Josef Suk and

Alois Hába Alois Hába (21 June 1893 – 18 November 1973) was a Czech composer, music theorist and teacher. He belongs to the important discoverers in modern classical music, and major composers of microtonal music, especially using the quarter-tone scal ...

. He helped co-found the

Ankara State Conservatory The Hacettepe University Ankara State Conservatory ( tr, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Ankara Devlet Konservatuvarı), the first conservatory to be founded in the Republic of Turkey, was established in 1936 by a directive of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. ...

with the composer

Paul Hindemith Paul Hindemith (; 16 November 189528 December 1963) was a German composer, music theorist, teacher, violist and conductor. He founded the Amar Quartet in 1921, touring extensively in Europe. As a composer, he became a major advocate of the ' ...

and served as director of the institution for a while. Together with

Cemal Reşit Rey Cemal Reşit Rey (; 25 October 1904 – 7 October 1985) was a Turkish composer, pianist, script writer and conductor. He was well known for a string of successful and popular Turkish-language operettas for which his brother Ekrem Reşit Rey (1 ...

Ulvi Cemal Erkin Ulvi Cemal Erkin () (March 14, 1906 – September 15, 1972) was a member of the pioneer group of symphonic composers in Turkey, born in the period 1904–1910, who later came to be called The Turkish Five. These composers set out the direction o ...

Ahmet Adnan Saygun Ahmet Adnan Saygun (; 7 September 1907 – 6 January 1991) was a Turkish composer, musicologist and writer on music. One of a group of composers known as the Turkish Five who pioneered western classical music in Turkey, his works show a master ...

, and

Hasan Ferit Alnar Hasan Ferid Alnar (11 March 1906 – 30 July 1978) was a Turkish classical music composer. He was a member of the Turkish Five, in the first half of the 20th century. Alnar is known for his efforts for harmonization of classical Turkish music e ...

, Akses belonged to a group called The Turkish Five, who were the first Turkish composers to adapt their homeland's musical tradition to the techniques of Western classical composition. (Their name alluded to the

Russian Five The Russian Five was the nickname given to the unit of five Russian ice hockey players from the Soviet Union that played for the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League in the 1990s. The five players were Sergei Fedorov, Vladimir Konstan ...

.) In 1949, Akses entered the service of the Turkish state. He worked as the Turkish

cultural attaché A cultural attaché is a diplomat with varying responsibilities, depending on the sending state of the attaché. Historically, such posts were filled by writers and artists, giving them a steady income, and allowing them to develop their own crea ...

in Bern and

Bonn The federal city of Bonn ( lat, Bonna) is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000. About south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ru ...

, among other posts. Akses composed

orchestra An orchestra (; ) is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which combines instruments from different families. There are typically four main sections of instruments: * bowed string instruments, such as the violin, viola, c ...

l works, chamber music, and pieces for

piano The piano is a stringed keyboard instrument in which the strings are struck by wooden hammers that are coated with a softer material (modern hammers are covered with dense wool felt; some early pianos used leather). It is played using a keybo ...

. His most famous work is his Violin Concerto (1969).

Works

Operas

* ''Mete'', opera in one act. Libretto: Yaşar Nabi Nayır (1933) * '' Bay önder'', opera in one act. Libretto: Münir Hayri Egeli (1934). (First performance: 27 December 1934-Ankara-Conductor: Adnan Saygun) * ''Timur'', opera in four acts. Libretto: Behçet Kemal Çağlar (incomplete) (1956) * ''MİMAR SİNAN'', opera. Libretto: Necdet Aydın and Necil Kâzım Akses (first act completed) (1980’s)

Orchestra

* Poem (1932–33) (premièred on 29 October 1933-Prague) * A Summer Remembrance – Morning on the Bosphorus (1932–33) (premièred on 29 October 1933-Prague) * "Çiftetelli" Op.6 (Symphonic Dance) (1933) (First performance1934-Prague) * "Bayönder Suite" from the opera "Bayönder" (1934) * "The Citadel of Ankara" – Symphonic Poem - (1938–1942) Ankara State Conservatory Publication (First performance: October 1942-Ankara-PSO*-E. Praetorius) * "Ballade" (1947) (State Conservatory Publication No.55) (First performance: 14 April 1948-Ankara-PSO-Ferid Alnar) * "Two Antique Dances" (orchestral version) (23 May 1962) (State Conservatory Publication No.40) (First performance: 25 November 1969-Ankara-PSO-Hikmet Şimşek) * Symphony No. 1 (1966) (State Conservatory Publication) (First performance: 10 November 1967-Ankara-PSO-Gothod Ephraim Lessing) * Scherzo on Itri’s Neva Kâr (1970) (First performance: 25 December 1970-Ankara-PSO-Hikmet Şimşek) * " ‘Sesleniş’(Calling) for the 50th Anniversary of Turkish Republic" (1973) (First performance: 27 October 1973-Ankara-PSO-Hikmet Şimşek) * Concerto for Orchestra (1976–1977) (First performance: 1 April 1977-Ankara-PSO-Otakar Trhlik) * Symphony No. 2 (for strings orchestra) (1978) (Private Publication)(First Concert performance: 4 February 1997-Aşkabad-Türkmenistan-Orkestra "SAZ"-Muhammed Nazer Mommadov) * Symphony No. 3 (1979–1980) (First performance: 2 May 1980-Ankara-PSO-Gürer Aykal) * "War for Peace-To the memory of Atatürk" (Symphonic Poem) (1981 First performance: 26 March 1982-Ankara-PSO-Gürer Aykal) * Symphony No. 4 "Sinfonia Romanesca Fantasia" (for solo cello and orchestra) (1982–1984) (First performance: 9 January 1987-Ankara-Ali DOĞAN-PSO-Rengim Gökmen) * Symphony No. 5 "Thus spoke Atatürk" / "Sinfonia Rhetorica" (Rhetoric symphony for tenor solo, chorus, children’s chorus, organ and orchestra) (1988) (First performance: 26 October 1989-İstanbul-IDSO-Rengim Gökmen) * Symphony No. 6 "Ölümsüz Kahramanlar" (Immortal Heroes) (For Bariton Solo, Chorus and Large Orchestra)(First Movement Completed) (1992)

Vocal music

* "Poetry and Music" (for bass-baritone and orchestra) (1935) (State Conservatory Publications No.49) * Symphonic Epic "For the 50th Year of Our Republic" (for soprano solo, chorus and orchestra) (1973) (State Conservatory Publications) * "Parade of Soloists" (from the opera "Timur") (for soprano, mezzo-soprano, bartion and orchestra) (1974) * "Lyric Poem from A Divan" (for tenor solo and orchestra) (1976) (First performance: 24 December 1976-Ankara-Osman Gökoğlu- PSO - Gürer Aykal)

Solo instrument and orchestra

* "Poem" (for solo cello and orchestra) (1946) (State Conservatory Publication No.25) (First performance: 29 June 1946-Ankara-Antonio Saldarelli-PSO-Ferid Alnar) * Violin Concerto (1969) (State Conservatory Publication) (First performance: 5 May 1972-Ankara-Suna Kan-PSO-Gothod Ephraim Lessing) * Viola Concerto (1977) (First performance: 14 April 1978-Ankara Koral Çalgan-PSO-Tadeusz Strugala) * "Idyll" (for cello and orchestra) (1981) (First performance 20 March 1981-Ankara-Doğan Cangal-PSO-Gürer Aykal)

Chamber music

* "Allegro Feroce" (for clarinet/saxophone and piano) (1930) (Universal Edition Publication No. 10.024) (First performance: 5 May 1931-Vienna) (Friedrich Wildans-Friedrich Statzer) * Introduction and Fugue for String Quartet (1930–31) (First performance: Vienna-5 May 1931-The Rothschild Quartet) * "Allegro Feroce" (viola and piano version) * "Poem" (for violin and piano) (1930) (First performance: 5 May 1931-Vienna-Christa Richter (violin)-Friedrich Statzer (piano) * Sonata for flute and piano (1933) (Jorj D.Papajorjiu Publication No. 64. First performance: 13 June 1934 Prague-Karel Neoproud-Flute-Karel Reiner-Piano) * "Three Poems" (for mezzo-soprano and string quartet) (1933) * Trio for Strings (1945) (State Conservatory Publication No. 43) * String Quartet No. 1 (1946) (State Conservatory Publication No.21) First performance: 26 September 1947-Prague-Çeskoslovenska Quartet) * String Quartet No. 2 "Elegy" (1971) (First performance: 28 October 1974-İstanbul-Vienna Soloists) * String Quartet No. 3 (1979) (First performance: 1979-TRT studio recording- Yücelen Quartet) * String Quartet No. 4 (1990) (First performance: 23 October 1991 – Düsseldorf-Yücelen String Quartet)

Voice and piano

* "Portraits I" (for voice and piano) (1964) (State Conservatory Publication No.30) * "Music for Poems"/Portraits II (for voice and piano) (1975) State Conservatory Publication No:75 * No or yes? (Lied) (for voice and piano) (1988)

Piano music

* Preludes and Fugues (for piano) (1929) * Turkish Invention (for piano) * Five Piano Pieces (1930) Universal Edition UN 9625 publication) * Piano Sonata (1930) (Jorj D.Papajorjiu Publication No.73 (First performance: 5 May 1931-Vienna: Friedrich Statzer) * "Miniatures" (for piano) (Jorj D.Papajorjiu Publication No.80) (1936) * Two Antique Dances (piano version) * Ten piano pieces (1964) (Ankara State Conservatory Publication No.29)

Solo instrument

* "Capriccio" (for solo viola) (May 1978) (First performance: 30 April 1979-Ankara-Koral Çalgan) * "Sad Melody" (for solo viola) (23 April 1984)

Chorus

* Folk Songs (Harmonized) (1936) * A cappella chorus compositions (1947) (State Conservatory Publication No.23) * Ten Folk Songs(Harmonized a capella mixed chorus) (1964) (State Conservatory Publication No.33) (First performance of some of them -1964-Ankara State Opera Chorus-Ferit TÜZÜN) * "Poets Devoted to İstanbul" (for polyphonic a cappella chorus) (1983) (First performance: the same year, TRT Ankara Polyphonic Chorus-Walter Strauss-Studio recording)

Marches

* "Conservatory March" (with Ulvi Cemal Erkin) – (for chorus and orchestra) (1940) * Boy Scout March (for chorus and orchestra) * "Turkey"(march for chorus and orchestra) * "March for the 50th Anniversary of the Republic" (for chorus and orchestra) (1973) (First performance: 1973-PSO-Hikmet Şimşek)

Incidental music

* Incidental music for "Julius Caesar" by Shakespeare (for wind instruments) (1942) * Incidental music for "Antigone" by Sophocles (for wind instruments) (1942) * Incidental music for "King Oedipus" by Sophocles (for wind instruments and women’s chorus) (April 1943)

References

Notes Further Reading * Aydin, Yilmaz (2002). ''Die Werke der 'Türkischen Fünf' im Lichte der Musikalischen Wechselbeziehungen zwischen der Türkei und Europa.'' Europäische Hochshculschriften, Peter Lang Publisher.

External links

Necil Kazım Akses, Official Web Site
{{DEFAULTSORT:Akses, Necil Kazim 1908 births 1999 deaths The Turkish Five 20th-century classical composers Musicians from Istanbul Turkish opera composers State Artists of Turkey Turkish classical composers Officers Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany Ankara State Conservatory faculty Turkish diplomats Pupils of Joseph Marx Male classical composers 20th-century male musicians