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The Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma (''Rome National Central Library''), in
Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...
, is one of two central national libraries of Italy, along with ''
Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze The National Central Library of Florence ( it, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze, BNCF) is a public national library in Florence, the largest in Italy and one of the most important in Europe, one of the two central libraries of Italy, alo ...
'' in
Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico ...
. In total, 9 national libraries exist, out of 46 state libraries. The library's mission is to collect and preserve all the publications in Italy and the most important foreign works, especially those related to Italy, and make them available to anyone. The collection currently includes more than 7,000,000 printed volumes, 2,000
incunabula In the history of printing, an incunable or incunabulum (plural incunables or incunabula, respectively), is a book, pamphlet, or broadside that was printed in the earliest stages of printing in Europe, up to the year 1500. Incunabula were pro ...
, 25,000 ''cinquecentine'' (16th century books), 8,000
manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printed or reproduced i ...
s, 10,000 drawings, 20,000 maps, and 1,342,154
brochure A brochure is originally an informative paper document (often also used for advertising) that can be folded into a template, pamphlet, or leaflet. A brochure can also be a set of related unfolded papers put into a pocket folder or packet or can ...
s. As of 1990, the catalog of the library has been online, containing information on all printed documents received to the library since that year as well as important collections obtained over time, all titles of periodical publications, and parts of monographic publications, among other notable archived items.


History

The predecessor of the present Biblioteca Nazionale was the
Jesuit , image = Ihs-logo.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits , abbreviation = SJ , nickname = Jesuits , formation = , founders ...
Bibliotheca Secreta, located at the Jesuit ''Collegio Romano'', where members of the
Society of Jesus , image = Ihs-logo.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits , abbreviation = SJ , nickname = Jesuits , formation = , founders ...
had been accumulating in Papal Rome an enormous bibliographic and documentary wealth since their order's foundation in 154

As indicated by its name - "Secret Library" - this material was at the time not accessible to the general public, not even to non-Jesuit Catholic clergy. With the
Unification of Italy The unification of Italy ( it, Unità d'Italia ), also known as the ''Risorgimento'' (, ; ), was the 19th-century political and social movement that resulted in the consolidation of different states of the Italian Peninsula into a single ...
and the
Capture of Rome The Capture of Rome ( it, Presa di Roma) on 20 September 1870 was the final event of the unification of Italy (''Risorgimento''), marking both the final defeat of the Papal States under Pope Pius IX and the unification of the Italian Peninsul ...
in 1870, ending the Catholic Church's Temporal Power, this library was taken over by the new
Kingdom of Italy The Kingdom of Italy ( it, Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia was proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when civil discontent led to ...
and made into the core of the ''Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma'', inaugurated on 14 March 1876 - to which enormous additional material was subsequently added. In its early years the library remained housed at the original Jesuit premises. One century later the library moved to its present location. The current building was designed by
architect An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...
s
Massimo Castellazzi Massimo, also Massimino, and Massimine () is a masculine Italian given name. Notable people with the name include: Given name: *Massimo Agostinelli (Max Agos) (born 1987), Swiss based Italian American artist, entrepreneur and activist *Massimo Ago ...
,
Tullio Dell'Anese Tullio Dall'Anese (1909 in Treviso – 2001 in Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (Romulus and Remus, legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metrop ...
and
Annibale Vitellozzi Annibale Vitellozzi (October 26, 1902, in Anghiari – September 16, 1990, in Rome) was an Italian architect, best remembered for his work on the Roma Termini railway station Roma Termini (in Italian, ''Stazione Termini'') is the ...
and opened in January 1975.


See also

*
Books in Italy Italy is the home of two of the world's biggest publishers of books in terms of revenue: Messaggerie Italiane and Mondadori Libri. Other large publishers include De Agostini Editore, Feltrinelli and the RCS MediaGroup. History Early printing ...
*
List of libraries in Italy This is a list of libraries in Italy, arranged by region. Northeast Emilia-Romagna * Biblioteca comunale dell'Archiginnasio, Bologna * Biblioteca Salaborsa, Bologna * Biblioteca Malatestiana, Cesena * Biblioteca Comunale Ariostea, Ferrara ...


Notes


Bibliography

*


External links

* Libraries in Rome Government of Italy Italian culture
Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...
1876 establishments in Italy Libraries established in 1876 Deposit libraries Library buildings completed in 1975 Rome R. XVIII Castro Pretorio {{Italy-struct-stub de:Italienische Nationalbibliothek