The National Assistance Act 1948 is an Act of Parliament passed in the United Kingdom by the Labour government of
Clement Attlee. It formally abolished the
Poor Law system that had existed since the reign of
Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was List of English monarchs, Queen of England and List of Irish monarchs, Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is ...
, and established a
social safety net
The social safety net (SSN) consists of non-contributory assistance existing to improve lives of vulnerable families and individuals experiencing poverty and destitution. Examples of SSNs are previously-contributory social pensions, in-kind and fo ...
for those who did not pay
national insurance contribution
National Insurance (NI) is a fundamental component of the welfare state in the United Kingdom. It acts as a form of social security, since payment of NI contributions establishes entitlement to certain state benefits for workers and their famili ...
s (such as the homeless, the physically disabled, and unmarried mothers) and were therefore left uncovered by the
National Insurance Act 1946
The National Insurance Act 1946 (c 67) was a British Act of Parliament passed during the Attlee ministry which established a comprehensive system of social security throughout the United Kingdom.
The act meant that all who were of working age we ...
and the
National Insurance (Industrial Injuries) Act 1946. It also provided help to elderly Britons who required supplementary benefits to make a subsistence living, and obliged local authorities to provide suitable accommodation for those who through infirmity, age, or any other reason were in need of care and attention not otherwise available. The legislation also empowered local authorities to grant financial aid to organizations of volunteers concerned with the provision of recreational facilities or meals.
[Labour and inequality: sixteen fabian essays edited by Peter Townsend and Nicholas Bosanquet]
The
National Assistance Board
The National Assistance Board was established by the National Assistance Act 1948 and abolished in by the Ministry of Social Security Act 1966. It was preceded by the Unemployment Assistance Board (known from 1941 as the Assistance Board) and ...
, which administered the
National Assistance
National Assistance was the main means-tested benefit in the United Kingdom from 1948 to 1966.
It was established by the National Assistance Act 1948 and abolished by the Ministry of Social Security Act 1966, which established the Supplementary ...
scheme, operated scale rates which were more generous than in the past. The rate for a married couple before the new service was launched, for instance, was 31 shillings (£1.55) a week, and 40 shillings (£2.00) a week when the new service was introduced, together with an allowance for rent. In addition, as noted by
Denis Nowell Pritt, "In most cases where the applicant was a householder, the rent allowance was the actual rent paid."
Under Section 29 of the Act, the power was granted to local authorities to promote the welfare of physically disabled individuals. The social needs of the mentally disabled were to be the responsibility of mental health departments which, being part of the new
National Health Service
The National Health Service (NHS) is the umbrella term for the publicly funded healthcare systems of the United Kingdom (UK). Since 1948, they have been funded out of general taxation. There are three systems which are referred to using the " ...
, were to provide its services to all those who needed it, regardless of ability to pay.
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See also
*Pensions in the United Kingdom
Pensions in the United Kingdom, whereby United Kingdom tax payers have some of their wages deducted to save for retirement, can be categorised into three major divisions - state, occupational and personal pensions.
The state pension is based on ...
Notes
Notes
Bibliography
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External links
National Assistance Act 1948
as enacted
{{Poor Law
Poor Law in Britain and Ireland
United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1948
Welfare state in the United Kingdom