Nymphon Forticulum

''Nymphon'' is a genus of sea spiders in the family Nymphonidae. The species of sea spiders within the genus ''Nymphon'' are all benthic organisms and are found in abyssal and bathyal areas of the ocean. This is a fully marine group and can be found at various depths ranging from the littoral zones to the deep sea. They are found in most major oceans across the globe with a strong distribution around polar regions: Arctic and Antarctic waters. Out of the sea spider genus, ''Nymphon'' is the most rich, with a majority of the species within the genis being found in the Southern Ocean region. This genus may also contain bioluminescent species.

Distribution

Sea spiders in general are found all around the globe. The ''Nymphon'' genus has been commonly found in waters of higher latitudes and is associated with polar regions and having a more circumpolar distribution than other genus of sea spider. They are extremely abundant within polar regions, with ''Nymphon'' having the most species found in polar waters. In relation to the benthos, mainly inhabit marine fauna and are often found around sessile communities.

Feeding

Generally, it is thought that ''Nymphon'' feed on hydroids, actinians, bryozoans, molluscs, annelids, crustaceans, and detritus. They have strong associations with corals and algae. However, feeding behavior in relation to coral and algae has not been observed and there is no current evidence of finding coral or algae material in their gut.

Species

* '' Nymphon aculeatum'' Child, 1994
* ''Nymphon adami '' Giltay, 1937
* '' Nymphon adareanum '' Hodgson, 1907
* ''Nymphon adenense '' Muller, 1989
* ''Nymphon adenopus '' Stock, 1991
* ''Nymphon aemulum '' Stock, 1975
* ''Nymphon aequidigitatum '' Haswell, 1885
* ''Nymphon akanei '' Nakamura & Child, 1983
* ''Nymphon akanthochoeros '' Bamber & Thurston, 1995
* ''Nymphon albatrossi '' Hedgpeth, 1949
* ''Nymphon aldabrense '' Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon andamanense '' Calman, 1923
* '' Nymphon andriashevi '' Pushkin, 1993
* '' Nymphon angolense '' Gordon, 1932
* ''Nymphon apertum '' Turpaeva, 2004
* '' Nymphon apheles '' Child, 1979
* ''Nymphon apicatum '' Stock, 1991
* '' Nymphon arabicum '' Calman, 1938
* '' Nymphon arcuatum '' Child, 1995
* '' Nymphon aritai '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* '' Nymphon articulare '' Hodgson, 1908
* '' Nymphon australe '' Hodgson, 1902
* '' Nymphon banzare '' Gordon, 1944
* '' Nymphon barnardi '' Arnaud & Child, 1988
* '' Nymphon basispinosum'' Hilton, 1942
* '' Nymphon benthos '' Hedgpeth, 1949
* '' Nymphon bergi '' Losina-Losinsky, 1961
* '' Nymphon biarticulatum '' (Hodgson, 1907)
* ''Nymphon bicornum '' Arnaud & Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon biformidens '' Stock, 1974
* ''Nymphon bigibbulare '' Losina-Losinsky, 1961
* '' Nymphon biserratum '' Losina-Losinsky, 1961
* ''Nymphon boogoora '' Bamber, 2008
* ''Nymphon boraborae '' Muller, 1990
* ''Nymphon bouvieri '' Gordon, 1932
* ''Nymphon brachyrhynchum '' Hoek, 1881
* ''Nymphon braschnikowi '' Schimkewitsch, 1906
* ''Nymphon brevicaudatum '' Miers, 1875
* ''Nymphon brevirostre'' Hodge, 1863
* ''Nymphon brevis '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon brevitarse'' Krøyer, 1838
* '' Nymphon bucuspidum'' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon bullatum'' Stock, 1992
* ''Nymphon bunyipi '' Clark, 1963
* ''Nymphon caementarum'' Stock, 1975
* '' Nymphon caldarium '' Stock, 1987
* ''Nymphon calypso '' Fage, 1959
* ''Nymphon centrum '' Child, 1997
* ''Nymphon chaetochir '' Utinomi, 1971
* ''Nymphon chainae '' Child, 1982
* ''Nymphon charcoti '' Bouvier, 1911
* ''Nymphon citerium '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon clarencei '' Gordon, 1932
* ''Nymphon cognatum '' Loman, 1928
* ''Nymphon comes '' Flynn, 1928
* ''Nymphon compactum '' Hoek, 1881
* ''Nymphon conirostrum '' Stock, 1973
* ''Nymphon crenatiunguis '' Barnard, 1946
* ''Nymphon crosnieri '' Stock, 1965
* ''Nymphon curvidens '' Stock, 1990
* ''Nymphon dentiferum '' Child, 1997
* ''Nymphon diabolum '' Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon discorsicoxae '' Child, 1982
* ''Nymphon dissimilis '' Hedgpeth, 1949
* ''Nymphon distensum '' Möbius, 1902
* ''Nymphon draconum '' Child, 1990
* '' Nymphon dubitabile '' Stock, 1973
* ''Nymphon duospinum '' Hilton, 1942
* ''Nymphon elegans '' Hansen, 1887
* ''Nymphon elongatum '' Hilton, 1942
* ''Nymphon eltaninae '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon enteonum '' Child, 2002
* '' Nymphon falcatum '' Utinomi, 1955
* ''Nymphon femorale '' Fage, 1956
* ''Nymphon filatovae '' Turpaeva, 1993
* ''Nymphon floridanum '' Hedgpeth, 1948
* ''Nymphon forceps '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon foresti '' Fage, 1953
* ''Nymphon forticulum '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon fortunatum '' Stock, 1997
* ''Nymphon foxi '' Calman, 1927
* ''Nymphon frigidum '' Hodgson, 1907
* ''Nymphon galatheae '' Fage, 1956
* ''Nymphon gerlachei '' Giltay, 1935
* ''Nymphon giltayi '' Hedgpeth, 1948
* ''Nymphon giraffa '' Loman, 1908
* ''Nymphon glabrum '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon gracile'' Leach, 1814
* ''Nymphon gracilipes '' Miers, 1875
* ''Nymphon granulatum '' Arnaud & Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon grossipes '' (Fabricius, 1780)
* ''Nymphon grus '' Stock, 1991
* ''Nymphon gruveli '' Bouvier, 1910
* ''Nymphon gruzovi '' Pushkin, 1993
* ''Nymphon gunteri '' Hedgpeth, 1949
* ''Nymphon hadale '' Child, 1982
* ''Nymphon hamatum '' Hoek, 1881
* ''Nymphon hampsoni '' Child, 1982
* ''Nymphon hedgpethi '' Stock, 1953
* ''Nymphon helleri '' Bohm, 1879
* ''Nymphon heterodenticulatum '' Hedgpeth, 1941
* ''Nymphon heterodentum '' Turpaeva, 1991
* ''Nymphon heterospinum '' Hedgpeth, 1949
* ''Nymphon hiemale '' Hodgson, 1907
* ''Nymphon hirsutum '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon hirtipes '' Bell, 1853
* ''Nymphon hirtum'' (Fabricius, 1780)
* ''Nymphon hodgsoni '' Schimkewitsch, 1913
* ''Nymphon immane '' Stock, 1954
* ''Nymphon improcerum '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon inaequipes '' Stock, 1992
* ''Nymphon inerme '' Fage, 1956
* ''Nymphon inferum '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon infundibulum '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon inornatum '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon isaenki '' Pushkin, 1993
* ''Nymphon japonicum '' Ortmann, 1891
* ''Nymphon kensleyi '' Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon kodanii '' Hedgpeth, 1949
* ''Nymphon kurilense '' Losina-Losinsky, 1961
* ''Nymphon kurilocompactum '' Turpaeva, 2004
* ''Nymphon kurilokamchaticum'' Turpaeva, 1971
* ''Nymphon lanare '' Hodgson, 1907
* ''Nymphon laneum '' Turpaeva, 2006
* ''Nymphon laterospinum '' Stock, 1963
* ''Nymphon leptocheles'' Sars, 1888
* ''Nymphon lituus '' Child, 1979
* ''Nymphon lobatum '' Stock, 1962
* ''Nymphon lomani '' Gordon, 1944
* ''Nymphon longicaudatum '' Carpenter, 1904
* ''Nymphon longicollum '' Hoek, 1881
* ''Nymphon longicoxa '' Hoek, 1881
* ''Nymphon longimanum '' Sars, 1888
* ''Nymphon longispinum '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon longitarse '' Krøyer, 1844
* ''Nymphon longituberculatum '' Olsen, 1913
* ''Nymphon macabou '' Muller, 1990
* ''Nymphon macilentum '' Stock, 1981
* ''Nymphon macquariensis '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon macrochelatum '' Pushkin, 1993
* ''Nymphon macronyx '' Sars, 1877
* ''Nymphon macrum '' Wilson, 1880
* ''Nymphon maculatum '' Carpenter, 1910
* ''Nymphon maldivense '' Clark, 1961
* ''Nymphon maoriana '' Clark, 1958
* ''Nymphon maruyamai '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon mauritanicum '' Fage, 1942
* ''Nymphon megacheles '' Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon megalops '' Sars, 1877
* ''Nymphon mendosum '' (Hodgson, 1907)
* ''Nymphon microctenatum'' Barnard, 1946
* ''Nymphon microgracilipes'' Pushkin, 1993
* ''Nymphon micronesicum'' Child, 1982
* ''Nymphon micronyx'' Sars, 1888
* ''Nymphon micropedes'' Hedgpeth, 1949
* ''Nymphon microrhynchum'' G.O. Sars, 1888
* ''Nymphon microsetosum'' Hilton, 1942
* ''Nymphon modestum'' Stock, 1959
* ''Nymphon molleri'' Clark, 1963
* ''Nymphon molum'' Hilton, 1942
* ''Nymphon monothrix'' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon multidens'' Gordon, 1932
* ''Nymphon multituberculatum'' Gordon, 1944
* ''Nymphon nagannuense'' Takahashi, Kajihara & Mawatari, 2012
* ''Nymphon nakamurai'' Stock, 1994
* ''Nymphon natalense'' Flynn, 1928
* ''Nymphon neelovi'' Pushkin, 1993
* ''Nymphon neumayri'' Gordon, 1932
* ''Nymphon nipponense'' Hedgpeth, 1949
* ''Nymphon novaecaledoniae'' Stock, 1991
* ''Nymphon novaehollandiae '' Clark, 1963
* ''Nymphon nugax '' Stock, 1966
* ''Nymphon obesum '' Arnaud & Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon ochoticum '' Losina-Losinsky, 1961
* ''Nymphon ohshimai '' Hedgpeth, 1949
* ''Nymphon okudai '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon orcadense '' (Hodgson, 1908)
* ''Nymphon ortmanni '' Helfer, 1938
* ''Nymphon pagophilum '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon paralobatum '' Arnaud & Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon parasiticum '' Merton, 1906
* ''Nymphon parum '' Stock, 1991
* ''Nymphon paucidens '' Gordon, 1932
* ''Nymphon paucituberculatum '' Gordon, 1944
* ''Nymphon pedunculatum '' Arnaud & Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon perlucidum '' Hoek, P.P.C., 1881
* ''Nymphon petri '' Turpaeva, 1993
* ''Nymphon pfefferi '' Loman, 1923
* ''Nymphon phasmatodes '' Bohm, 1879
* ''Nymphon pilosum '' Möbius, 1902
* ''Nymphon pixellae '' Scott, 1912
* ''Nymphon plectrum '' Takahashi, Kajihara & Mawatari, 2012
* ''Nymphon pleodon '' Stock, 1962
* ''Nymphon polyglia '' Bamber, 2004
* ''Nymphon premordicum '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon primacoxa '' Stock, 1968
* ''Nymphon proceroides '' Bouvier, 1913
* ''Nymphon procerum '' Hoek, 1881
* ''Nymphon profundum '' Hilton, 1942
* ''Nymphon prolatum '' Fage, 1942
* ''Nymphon proximum '' Calman, 1915
* ''Nymphon pseudogracilipes '' Pushkin, 1993
* ''Nymphon puellula'' Krapp, 1973
* ''Nymphon pumillum '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon punctum '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon quadriclavus '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon residuum '' Stock, 1971
* ''Nymphon rottnesti '' Child, 1975
* ''Nymphon rybakovi '' Pushkin, 1993
* ''Nymphon sabellum '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon sandersi '' Child, 1982
* ''Nymphon sarsii '' Meinert, 1899
* ''Nymphon schimkewitschi '' Losina-Losinsky, 1929
* ''Nymphon schmidti '' Losina-Losinsky, 1961
* ''Nymphon scotiae '' Stock, 1981
* ''Nymphon serratidentatum '' Arnaud & Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon serratum '' G. O. Sars, 1879
* ''Nymphon setimanus '' Barnard, 1946
* ''Nymphon setipedes '' Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon signatum '' Möbius, 1902
* ''Nymphon simulare '' Child, C.A., 1992
* ''Nymphon simulatum '' Nakamura & Child, 1991
* ''Nymphon singulare '' Stock, 1954
* ''Nymphon sluiteri '' Hoek, 1901
* ''Nymphon soyoi '' Utinomi, 1955
* ''Nymphon spinifex '' Stock, 1997
* ''Nymphon spiniventris '' Stock, 1953
* ''Nymphon stenocheir '' Norman, 1908
* ''Nymphon stipulum '' Child, 1990
* ''Nymphon stocki '' Utinomi, 1955
* ''Nymphon striatum '' Losina-Losinsky, 1929
* ''Nymphon stroemi '' Krøyer, 1844
* ''Nymphon subtile '' Loman, 1923
* ''Nymphon surinamense '' Stock, 1975
* ''Nymphon tanypalpes '' Child, 1988
* ''Nymphon tenellum '' (Sars, 1888)
* ''Nymphon tenuimanum '' Hodgson, 1915
* ''Nymphon tenuipes'' Bouvier, 1911
* ''Nymphon torulum '' Child, 1998
* ''Nymphon tricuspidatum'' Soler-Membrives & Munilla, 2011
* ''Nymphon tripectinatum '' Turpaeva, 1971
* ''Nymphon trispinum '' Child, 1998
* ''Nymphon trituberculum '' Child, 1995
* ''Nymphon tuberculare '' Losina-Losinsky, 1961
* ''Nymphon tubiferum '' Stock, 1978
* ''Nymphon typhlops '' Hodgson, 1915
* ''Nymphon uncatum '' Child, 1998
* ''Nymphon unguiculatum '' Hodgson, 1915
* ''Nymphon uniunguiculatum '' Losina-Losinsky, 1933
* ''Nymphon vacans '' Child, 1997
* ''Nymphon villosum '' Hodgson, 1907
* ''Nymphon vulcanellum '' Stock, 1992
* ''Nymphon vulsum '' Stock, 1986
* ''Nymphon walvisense '' Stock, 1981
* ''Nymphon zundianum '' Pushkin, 1993

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q3346698

Pycnogonids
Dubiously bioluminescent organisms