Nyköping Castle (Swedish: Nyköpingshus) is a

Medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the Post-classical, post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with t ...

castle, located in

Nyköping Nyköping () is a Urban areas in Sweden, locality and the seat of Nyköping Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden with 32,759 inhabitants as of 2017. The city is also the capital of Södermanland County. Including Arnö, the locality on the ...

, from the

Birger Jarl Birger Jarl, also known as ''Birger Magnusson'' (21 October 1266), was a Swedish statesman, ''jarl'', and a member of the House of Bjelbo, who played a pivotal role in the consolidation of Sweden. Birger also led the Second Swedish Crusade, whi ...

era, partly in

ruin Ruins () are the remains of a civilization's architecture. The term refers to formerly intact structures that have fallen into a state of partial or total disrepair over time due to a variety of factors, such as lack of maintenance, deliberate ...

s, mostly known for the

Nyköping Banquet The Nyköping Banquet ( sv, Nyköpings gästabud) was King Birger of Sweden's Christmas celebration 11December 1317 at Nyköping Castle in Sweden. Among the guests were his two brothers Duke Valdemar and Duke Eric, who later that night were ...

which took place here in 1317. Information plaque, Nyköpingshus Nyköpingshus (8)

Construction

Construction on the castle is thought to have begun at the end of the 12th century, when it was built as a sort of

castellum A ''castellum'' in Latin is usually: * a small Roman fortlet or tower,C. Julius Caesar, Gallic War; 2,30 a diminutive of ('military camp'), often used as a watchtower or signal station like on Hadrian's Wall. It should be distinguished from a ...

. It is thought

expanded the building to a larger castle. During the reign of

Albert of Sweden Albert (german: Albrecht, sv, Albrekt av Mecklenburg; c. 1338 – 1 April 1412) was King of Sweden from 1364 to 1389 and Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1384 to 1412. Background He was the second son of Duke Albert II of Mecklenburg and ...

the castle was held as a

fief A fief (; la, feudum) was a central element in medieval contracts based on feudal law. It consisted of a form of property holding or other rights granted by an Lord, overlord to a vassal, who held it in fealty or "in fee" in return for a for ...

by the German knight Raven van Barnekow, who made important improvements on the building, and later by

Bo Jonsson Grip Bo Jonsson (Grip) (early 1330s – 20 August 1386) was head of the royal council and marshal under the regency of Magnus IV of Sweden. Also in the council was his friend and colleague, Karl Ulfsson av Ulvåsa, eldest son of Saint Birgitta. From ...

. Further reconstructions and expansions were done during the late

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...

Gustav Vasa Gustav I, born Gustav Eriksson of the Vasa noble family and later known as Gustav Vasa (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), was King of Sweden from 1523 until his death in 1560, previously self-recognised Protector of the Realm ('' Riksföre ...

strengthened the castle further for defensive purposes and a round gun tower from that time remains today. The medieval castle was rebuilt in the end of the 16th century by Duke Charles (later

Charles IX of Sweden Charles IX, also Carl ( sv, Karl IX; 4 October 1550 – 30 October 1611), reigned as King of Sweden from 1604 until his death. He was the youngest son of King Gustav I () and of his second wife, Margaret Leijonhufvud, the brother of King Eric X ...

) into a renaissance palace. The palace burned down with the rest of the city in 1665. It wasn't reerected; in fact some of its bricks were used in the construction of

Stockholm Palace Stockholm Palace or the Royal Palace ( sv, Stockholms slott or ) is the official residence and major royal palace of the Swedish monarch (King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia use Drottningholm Palace as their usual residence). Stockholm Palac ...

. However, parts of the castle were sound enough to be used as county residence until the 1760s. Parts of the castle were refurbished in the 20th century. ''Kungstornet'' (the King's Tower) and ''Gamla residenset'' (the Old Residence) currently house the permanent exhibits of Sörmlands museum (the Museum of

Södermanland Södermanland ( or ), locally Sörmland, sometimes referred to under its Latin form ''Sudermannia'' or ''Sudermania'', is a historical province or ''landskap'' on the south eastern coast of Sweden. It borders Östergötland, Närke, Västmanla ...

). A restaurant is located in the banquet hall and ''Drottningkällaren'' (the Queen's Cellar).

Important events

* December 11, 1317: the

took place in the medieval castle, a

Christmas Christmas is an annual festival commemorating Nativity of Jesus, the birth of Jesus, Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people Observance of Christmas by country, around t ...

party that ended horribly for the two dukes

Eric The given name Eric, Erich, Erikk, Erik, Erick, or Eirik is derived from the Old Norse name ''Eiríkr'' (or ''Eríkr'' in Old East Norse due to monophthongization). The first element, ''ei-'' may be derived from the older Proto-Norse ''* ain ...

and Valdemar, brothers to King Birger of Sweden. * September 20, 1396: the signing of

Recess of Nyköping Recess may refer to: * Recess (break), a break period * Alcove (architecture), part of a room * A setback (architecture) especially across all storeys (a recessed bay or series of such bays) * Recess, County Galway, Ireland; a village Music * ...

which is one of the most important events of the Nordic Middle Ages since it was a prerequisite for the formation of the

Kalmar Union The Kalmar Union (Danish language, Danish, Norwegian language, Norwegian, and sv, Kalmarunionen; fi, Kalmarin unioni; la, Unio Calmariensis) was a personal union in Scandinavia, agreed at Kalmar in Sweden, that from 1397 to 1523 joined under ...

the following year. *March 3, 1538: wedding between Svante Sture the Younger and Märta Erikdotter Leijonhufvud. Nyköpingshus (13)

References

Sources

Nyköpingshus - National Property Board
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nykoping Castle Castles in Södermanland County Ruined castles in Sweden Royal residences in Sweden Listed buildings in Sweden