''Nyctimystes'' is a genus of tree

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura (ανοὐρά, literally ''without tail'' in Ancient Greek). The oldest fossil "proto-frog" ''Triadobatrachus'' is ...

s in the subfamily

Pelodryadinae Pelodryadinae, also known as Australian treefrogs (although not all members are arboreal), is a subfamily of frogs found in the region of Australia and New Guinea, and have also been introduced to New Caledonia, Guam, New Zealand, and Vanuatu. ...

of the family

Hylidae Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic. Taxonomy and ...

. They are principally Papuan species, but also inhabit islands in the

Moluccas The Maluku Islands (; Indonesian: ''Kepulauan Maluku'') or the Moluccas () are an archipelago in the east of Indonesia. Tectonically they are located on the Halmahera Plate within the Molucca Sea Collision Zone. Geographically they are located ...

. All species in this genus have one distinct feature that separates them from other species in the family, the lower eyelid is marked with pattern of lines, veins, or dots. This feature presumably acts as camouflage when the frogs are at rest during the day. Species of this genus inhabit

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...

or subtropical montane rainforest. The eggs are large and are laid on submerged objects in fast-flowing creeks and streams (not all species of this genus have been recorded as doing this, although it is assumed). The tadpoles have large sucker-mouths and their body shapes are very streamlined with large tail musculatures. All species of this genus have extensive webbing and large toe discs.

Species

Many of the species have relatively small population sizes, and not much is known about either individual species or the genus as a whole. The following species are recognised in the genus ''Nyctimystes'': * '' Nyctimystes avocalis'' Zweifel, 1958 - Loud big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes bivocalis'' Kraus, 2012 * '' Nyctimystes brevipalmatus'' (Tyler, Martin, and Watson, 1972) - Green-thighed frog * '' Nyctimystes calcaratus'' Menzies, 2014 * '' Nyctimystes cheesmani'' Tyler, 1964 - Cheesman’s big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes cryptochrysos'' Kraus, 2012 * '' Nyctimystes daymani'' Zweifel, 1958 - Dayman big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes disruptus'' Tyler, 1963 - Madang big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes dux'' (Richards and Oliver, 2006) * '' Nyctimystes eucavatus'' Menzies, 2014 * '' Nyctimystes fluviatilis'' Zweifel, 1958 - Indonesian big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes foricula'' Tyler, 1963 - Kaironk big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes gramineus'' (Boulenger, 1905) - Northern New Guinea treefrog * '' Nyctimystes granti'' (Boulenger, 1914) - Grant's big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes gularis'' Parker, 1936 - Mondo big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes humeralis'' (Boulenger, 1912) - Green big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes hunti'' (Richards, Oliver, Dahl, and Tjaturadi, 2006) * '' Nyctimystes infrafrenatus'' (Günther, 1867) - White-lipped tree frog * '' Nyctimystes intercastellus'' Kraus, 2012 * '' Nyctimystes kubori'' Zweifel, 1958 - Sandy big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes kuduki'' Richards, 2007 * '' Nyctimystes latratus'' Menzies, 2014 * ''Nyctimystes lubisi'' (Oliver, Günther, Tjaturadi, and Richards, 2021) * '' Nyctimystes montanus'' (Peters et Doria, 1878) - Mountain big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes myolae'' Menzies, 2014 * ''Nyctimystes multicolor'' (Günther, 2004) - Multi-coloured tree frog * '' Nyctimystes narinosus'' Zweifel, 1958 - Common big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes nullicedens'' (Kraus, 2018) * '' Nyctimystes obsoletus'' (Lönnberg, 1900) - Simbang big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes ocreptus'' Menzies, 2014 * '' Nyctimystes pallidofemora'' (Kraus, 2018) * '' Nyctimystes papua'' (Boulenger, 1897) - Papua big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes perimetri'' Zweifel, 1958 - Archipelago big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes persimilis'' (Zweifel, 1958) - Milne big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes pterodactyla'' (Oliver, Richards, and Donnellan, 2019) - Pale-eyed parachuting tree frog * '' Nyctimystes pulcher'' (Wandolleck, 1911) - Spurred big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes purpureolatus'' (Oliver, Richards, Tjaturadi, and Iskandar, 2007) * '' Nyctimystes sanguinolenta'' (Van Kampen, 1909) - Sabang tree frog * '' Nyctimystes sauroni'' (Richards and Oliver, 2006) * '' Nyctimystes semipalmatus'' Parker, 1936 - Kokoda big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes trachydermis'' Zweifel, 1983 - Morobe big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes traunae'' Menzies, 2014 * '' Nyctimystes tyleri'' Zweifel, 1983 - Tyler's big-eyed tree frog * '' Nyctimystes zweifeli'' Tyler, 1967 - Zweifel's big-eyed tree frog

References

The IUCN Redlist - ''Nyctimystes''
* Barker, J.; Grigg, G.C.; Tyler, M.J. (1995). A Field Guide to Australian Frogs. Surrey Beatty & Sons. {{Taxonbar, from=Q376382 Amphibian genera Taxa named by Leonhard Stejneger