Nuenen, de Sint Clemenskerk RM30822 foto6 2016-10-16 10

Nuenen () is a town in the municipality of

Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten () is a municipality consisting of the larger village of Nuenen and two adjacent smaller ones. It is located in the province of North Brabant, about east of Eindhoven, the fifth largest city in the Netherlands. From ...

in the

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

. From 1883 to 1885,

Vincent van Gogh Vincent Willem van Gogh (; 30 March 185329 July 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionism, Post-Impressionist painter who posthumously became one of the most famous and influential figures in Western art history. In a decade, he created about 2 ...

lived and worked in Nuenen. In 1944, the town was a battle scene during

Operation Market Garden Operation Market Garden was an Allies of World War II, Allied military operation during the World War II, Second World War fought in the Netherlands from 17 to 27 September 1944. Its objective was to create a Salient (military), salient into G ...

. The local dialect is called Peellands. In 2009, Nuenen had a population of 22,437.

History

Nuenen is listed in the 1792 Gazetteer of the Netherlands, which lists it as "a village of Brabant, two leagues W. from Helmont".

World War II

During

on 20 September 1944, Nuenen was the scene of a battle involving the American 506th PIR of the

101st Airborne Division The 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) ("Screaming Eagles") is a light infantry division of the United States Army that specializes in air assault operations. It can plan, coordinate, and execute multiple battalion-size air assault operati ...

and the British 15th/19th The King's Royal Hussars of the 11th Armoured Division equipped with

Cromwell tank The Cromwell tank, officially Tank, Cruiser, Mk VIII, Cromwell (A27M), was one of the series of cruiser tanks fielded by Britain in the Second World War. Named after the English Civil War-era military leader Oliver Cromwell, the Cromwell was th ...

s, against the German 107th Panzer Brigade. The British lost two tanks, and four American and three British soldiers were killed. The Germans suffered two fatalities. The fight is dramatised in episode 4 "Replacements" of the television series ''Band of Brothers''.

Dialect

The spoken language is Peellands (an

East Brabantian East Brabantian ( nl, Oost Noord-Brabants or Oost Brabants) is one of the main divisions of the Brabantian dialect group recognized by the ''Woordenboek van de Brabantse dialecten''. East Brabantian dialects are mainly spoken in the eastern part o ...

dialect, which is very similar to colloquial

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...

Notable residents

In 1882 Van Gogh's father became a pastor in Nuenen and the family lived at the vicarage there. After a stay in

Drenthe Drenthe () is a province of the Netherlands located in the northeastern part of the country. It is bordered by Overijssel to the south, Friesland to the west, Groningen to the north, and the German state of Lower Saxony to the east. As of Nov ...

for several months, Van Gogh moved to live with his parents in December 1883 and stayed there until May 1885. During that time he painted many character studies of peasants and weavers that culminated in ''

The Potato Eaters ''The Potato Eaters'' ( nl, De Aardappeleters) is an oil painting by Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh painted in April 1885 in Nuenen, Netherlands. It is in the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. The original oil sketch of the painting is at the Kröller ...

'', and paintings of

still life A still life (plural: still lifes) is a work of art depicting mostly wikt:inanimate, inanimate subject matter, typically commonplace objects which are either natural (food, flowers, dead animals, plants, rocks, shells, etc.) or artificiality, m ...

. He also painted his father's church, vicarage and its garden, one such work being ''

Congregation Leaving the Reformed Church in Nuenen ''Congregation Leaving the Reformed Church at Nuenen'' (Dutch: ''Het uitgaan van de hervormde kerk te Nuenen'') is an early painting by Vincent van Gogh, made in early 1884 and modified in late 1885. It is displayed at the Van Gogh Museum in Ams ...

'' (''Het uitgaan van de hervormde kerk te Nuenen'') depicting the church, which is situated in a park area on the corner of Papenvoort Street and Houtrijk Street in the north of Nuenen. This painting was stolen from the

Van Gogh Museum The Van Gogh Museum () is a Dutch art museum dedicated to the works of Vincent van Gogh and his contemporaries in the Museum Square in Amsterdam South, close to the Stedelijk Museum, the Rijksmuseum, and the Concertgebouw. The museum opened on ...

in December 2002 and recovered in Italy in September 2016. There is a street named after it in the town, as well as a cafe, college and bar. A statue of Van Gogh is located in the central park of the town. Theoretical computer scientist Edsger W. Dijkstra lived in Nuenen later in his life, and died there in 2002."World-renowned University of Texas at Austin computer scientist Edsger Dijkstra dies"
. University of Texas at Austin. Aug. 7, 2002 The following year, the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) PODC Influential Paper Award in distributed computing was renamed the

Dijkstra Prize The Edsger W. Dijkstra Paper Prize in Distributed Computing is given for outstanding papers on the principles of distributed computing, whose significance and impact on the theory and/or practice of distributed computing has been evident for at lea ...

in his honour. Dutch cyclist

Steven Kruijswijk , birth_date = , birth_place = Nuenen, Netherlands , height = , weight = , currentteam = , discipline = Road , role = Rider , ridertype = Climber , proyears1 = 2006 , proteam1 = , proyears2 = 2007–2009 ...

was also born in Nuenen and had lived there in his youth. File:WLANL - artanonymous - De pastorie te Nuenen.jpg, ''The Vicarage at Nuenen'', 1885,

, Amsterdam (F182) File:Van Gogh - Die Kirche von Nuenen mit Kirchgängern.jpeg, ''

'', 1884,

, Amsterdam (F25) File:Van Gogh - Der Pfarrgarten in Nuenen im Schnee1.jpeg, ''The Rectory Garden in Nuenen in the Snow'', January 1885, Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena (F194) File:Van Gogh - The Parsonage Garden at Nuenen.jpg, ''

The Parsonage Garden at Nuenen ''The Parsonage Garden at Nuenen'' ( nl, De pastorie in Nuenen), alternatively named ''The Parsonage Garden at Nuenen in Spring'' ( nl, De pastorie in Nuenen in het voorjaar) or ''Spring Garden'' ( nl, Lentetuin: F185, JH484), is an early oil pai ...

'', May 1884.

References

External links