Nucleoplasmin, the first identified
molecular chaperone is a
thermostable acid
In computer science, ACID ( atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) is a set of properties of database transactions intended to guarantee data validity despite errors, power failures, and other mishaps. In the context of databases, a sequ ...
ic
protein with a
pentameric structure. The protein was first isolated from
Xenopus species
Functions
The pentameric protein participates in various significant cellular activities like
sperm
Sperm is the male reproductive cell, or gamete, in anisogamous forms of sexual reproduction (forms in which there is a larger, female reproductive cell and a smaller, male one). Animals produce motile sperm with a tail known as a flagellum, whi ...
chromatin remodeling
Chromatin remodeling is the dynamic modification of chromatin architecture to allow access of condensed genomic DNA to the regulatory transcription machinery proteins, and thereby control gene expression. Such remodeling is principally carried out ...
,
nucleosome assembly, genome stability,
ribosome biogenesis
Ribosome biogenesis is the process of making ribosomes. In prokaryotes, this process takes place in the cytoplasm with the transcription of many ribosome gene operons. In eukaryotes, it takes place both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleolu ...
, DNA duplication and
transcriptional regulation.
[ During the assembly of regular nucleosomal arrays, these nucleoplasmins transfer the DNA to them by binding to the histones. This reaction requires ATP.]
Human proteins
Humans express three members of the nucleoplasmin family:
*Nucleophosmin ( NPM1)
*Nucleoplasmin 2 (NPM2)
*Nucleoplasmin 3 (NPM3)
References
Further reading
*
*
Molecular chaperones
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