Nowogródek Voivodeship (1507–1795)
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Nowogródek Voivodeship (; ; ; ) was a
voivodeship A voivodeship ( ) or voivodate is the area administered by a voivode (governor) in several countries of central and eastern Europe. Voivodeships have existed since medieval times and the area of extent of voivodeship resembles that of a duchy in ...
of the
Grand Duchy of Lithuania The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 Partitions of Poland, ...
from 1507 to 1795, with the capital in the town of Nowogródek (now Novogrudok,
Belarus Belarus, officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Belarus spans an a ...
). Since 1569 it was located in the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic (), was a federation, federative real union between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ...
, as part of Lithuania.


History

The Voivodeship was composed of three counties, Novogrudok, Vawkavysk, Slonim, as well as the Duchy of Slutsk. It had two senators, two deputies for the
Sejm The Sejm (), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (), is the lower house of the bicameralism, bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the Polish People' ...
, and two deputies for the Lithuanian Tribunal. Its capital was the town of Nyazvizh with the Radziwiłł family's castle and treasury.Nowogrodek Voivodeship, description by Zygmunt Gloger.
Geografia historyczna ziem dawnej Polski.
Novogrudok Voivodeship ceased to exist along with the Polish-Lithuanian state when it was partitioned out of existence. Zygmunt Gloger in his monumental book Historical Geography of the Lands of Old Poland provides this description of the Nowogródek Voivodeship:
“Slavic lands along the upper Neman, after collapse of the Kievan Rus’ were in 1241 ransacked by the forces of the
Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire was the List of largest empires, largest contiguous empire in human history, history. Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Euro ...
, under Batu Khan. After the Mongol raid, it turned into a desert, and was annexed by the
Grand Duchy of Lithuania The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 Partitions of Poland, ...
. In c. 1500, local Lithuanian dukes were named voivodes, thus Nowogródek Voivodeship was created. Like the neighbouring Brest Litovsk Voivodeship, Nowogródek Voivodeship was rather narrow but very long, stretching from the upper Narew and Białowieża Forest, to the spot where the Ptsich flows into the Pripyat (...)
Nowogródek Voivodeship was divided into three counties: those of Nowogródek, Wolkowysk, and Slonim. Furthermore, it included the Duchy of Sluck and Kapyl. Each county had its own sejmik, with each electing two deputies to the
Sejm The Sejm (), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (), is the lower house of the bicameralism, bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the Polish People' ...
, and two to the Lithuanian Tribunal. It had only two senators, who were the Voivode and the Castellan of Nowogródek (...) Northern part of the voivodeship, mainly the County of Nowogródek and the Duchy of Sluck were among most fertile lands in Lithuania, with hilly landscape and several beautiful towns, such as Tuhanowicze, Switez and Woroncza".


Gallery

File:Navahradak-Troki, Pahonia. Наваградак-Трокі, Пагоня (1712).jpg, The Voivodeship's coat of arms in 1712 File:Navahradak. Наваградак (1720) (2).jpg, The Voivodeship's coat of arms in 1720 File:Navahradak, Pahonia. Наваградак, Пагоня (1794).jpg, The Voivodeship's coat of arms in 1794 File:Navahradak, Pahonia. Наваградак, Пагоня (1900).jpg, The Voivodeship's coat of arms in the 19th century (reconstruction)


Voivodes

* Martynas Goštautas (Marcin Gasztołdowicz; 1464–1471), appointed by King Casimir Jagiellon * Albertas Goštautas (1508–1514), to King Sigismund I the Old * Jan Zabrzeziński (1514–1530) * Stanislovas Goštautas (Stanisław Gasztołd, 1530–1542), to King Sigismund II Augustus * Grzegorz Ostik (1542–1544) * Aleksander Chodkiewicz (1544–1549) * Alexander Polubinsky (1549–1551) * Ivan Ermine (1551–1558) * Paweł Sapieha (1558–1579) * Mikołaj VII Radziwiłł (1579–1590) * Teodor Skumin Tyszkiewicz (1590–1618) * Mikołaj Sapieha (1618–1638), to King Sigismund III Vasa * Aleksander Słuszka (1638–1643) * Tomasz Sapieha (I 1643–IV 1646) * Jury Hreptovich (1646–1650) * Nicholas Kshiftof Khaletskaya (1650–1653) * Peter Kazimierz Vezhevich (1653–1658) * Krzysztof Wołodkowicz (1658–1670) * Jan Kersnovskaya (1670) * Dmitrij Polubinsky (1670–1689) * Alexander Bohuslav Unehovsky (1689) * Stefan Tyzenhauz (1689–1709) * Jan Mikołaj Radziwiłł (1709–1729) * Mikołaj Faustin Radziwiłł (1729–1746) * Jerzy Radziwiłł (1746–1754) * Józef Aleksander Jabłonowski (1754–1773) * Józef Niesiołowski (1773–1795)


See also

* Nowogródek Voivodeship (1919–1939)


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nowogrodek Voivodeship (1507-1795) Voivodeships of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Nowogrodzkie 1507 establishments in Europe 1507 establishments in Lithuania 1795 disestablishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Early modern history of Belarus