November 19th

Events

Pre-1600

* 461 – Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 636 – The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in Iraq.
*1493 – Christopher Columbus goes ashore on an island called Borinquen he first saw the day before. He names it San Juan Bautista (later renamed again Puerto Rico).

1601–1900

*1794 – The United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain sign Jay's Treaty, which attempts to resolve some of the lingering problems left over from the American Revolutionary War.
*1802 – The Garinagu arrive at British Honduras (present-day Belize).
*1808 – Finnish War: The Convention of Olkijoki in Raahe ends hostilities in Finland.
*1816 – Warsaw University is established.
*1847 – The second Canadian railway line, the Montreal and Lachine Railroad, is opened.
*1863 – American Civil War: U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address at the dedication ceremony for the military cemetery at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
*1881 – A meteorite lands near the village of Grossliebenthal, southwest of Odessa, Ukraine.
*1885 – Serbo-Bulgarian War: Bulgarian victory in the Battle of Slivnitsa solidifies the unification between the Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia.

1901–present

*1911 – The Doom Bar in Cornwall claims two ships, ''Island Maid'' and ''Angele'', the latter killing the entire crew except the captain.
*1912 – First Balkan War: The Serbian Army captures Bitola, ending the five-century-long Ottoman rule of Macedonia.
*1916 – Samuel Goldwyn and Edgar Selwyn establish Goldwyn Pictures.
*1941 – World War II: Battle between HMAS ''Sydney'' and HSK ''Kormoran''. The two ships sink each other off the coast of Western Australia, with the loss of 645 Australians and about 77 German seamen.
*1942 – World War II: Battle of Stalingrad: Soviet Union forces under General Georgy Zhukov launch the Operation Uranus counterattacks at Stalingrad, turning the tide of the battle in the USSR's favor.
* 1942 – Mutesa II is crowned the 35th and last Kabaka (king) of Buganda, prior to the restoration of the kingdom in 1993.
*1943 – Holocaust: Nazis liquidate Janowska concentration camp in Lemberg (Lviv), western Ukraine, murdering at least 6,000 Jews after a failed uprising and mass escape attempt.
*1944 – World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announces the sixth War Loan Drive, aimed at selling US$14 billion in war bonds to help pay for the war effort.
* 1944 – World War II: Thirty members of the Luxembourgish resistance defend the town of Vianden against a larger Waffen-SS attack in the Battle of Vianden.
*1946 – Afghanistan, Iceland and Sweden join the United Nations.
*1950 – US General Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes Supreme Commander of NATO-Europe.
*1952 – Greek Field Marshal Alexander Papagos becomes the 152nd Prime Minister of Greece.
*1954 – Télé Monte Carlo, Europe's oldest private television channel, is launched by Prince Rainier III.
*1955 – '' National Review'' publishes its first issue.
*1967 – The establishment of TVB, the first wireless commercial television station in Hong Kong.
*1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 12 astronauts Pete Conrad and Alan Bean land at '' Oceanus Procellarum'' (the "Ocean of Storms") and become the third and fourth humans to walk on the Moon.
* 1969 – Association football player Pelé scores his 1,000th goal.
*1977 – TAP Air Portugal Flight 425 crashes in the Madeira Islands, killing 131.
*1979 – Iran hostage crisis: Iranian leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini orders the release of 13 female and black American hostages being held at the US Embassy in Tehran.
*1984 – San Juanico disaster: A series of explosions at the Pemex petroleum storage facility at San Juan Ixhuatepec in Mexico City starts a major fire and kills about 500 people.
*1985 – Cold War: In Geneva, U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet Union General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev meet for the first time.
* 1985 – Pennzoil wins a US$10.53 billion judgment against Texaco, in the largest civil verdict in the history of the United States, stemming from Texaco executing a contract to buy Getty Oil after Pennzoil had entered into an unsigned, yet still binding, buyout contract with Getty.
* 1985 – Police in Baling, Malaysia, lay siege to houses occupied by an Islamic sect of about 400 people led by Ibrahim Mahmud.
*1988 – Serbian communist representative and future Serbian and Yugoslav president Slobodan Milošević publicly declares that Serbia is under attack from Albanian separatists in Kosovo as well as internal treachery within Yugoslavia and a foreign conspiracy to destroy Serbia and Yugoslavia.
*1994 – In the United Kingdom, the first National Lottery draw is held. A £1 ticket gave a one-in-14-million chance of correctly guessing the winning six out of 49 numbers.
*1996 – A Beechcraft 1900 and a Beechcraft King Air collide at Quincy Regional Airport in Quincy, Illinois, killing 14.
*1998 – Clinton–Lewinsky scandal: The United States House of Representatives Judiciary Committee begins impeachment hearings against U.S. President Bill Clinton.
*1999 – Shenzhou 1: The People's Republic of China launches its first Shenzhou spacecraft.
* 1999 – John Carpenter becomes the first person to win the top prize in the TV game show '' Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?''.
*2002 – The Greek oil tanker '' Prestige'' splits in half and sinks off the coast of Galicia, releasing over of oil in the largest environmental disaster in Spanish and Portuguese history.
*2004 – The worst brawl in NBA history results in several players being suspended. Several players and fans are charged with assault and battery.
*2010 – The first of four explosions takes place at the Pike River Mine in New Zealand. Twenty-nine people are killed in the nation's worst mining disaster since 1914.
*2013 – A double suicide bombing at the Iranian embassy in Beirut kills 23 people and injures 160 others.
*2022 – A gunman kills five and injures 17 at Club Q, a gay nightclub in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

Births

Pre-1600

*1417 – Frederick I, Count Palatine of Simmern (d. 1480)
*1464 – Emperor Go-Kashiwabara of Japan (d. 1526)
*1503 – Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma (d. 1547)
*1563 – Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester, English poet and politician (d. 1626)
*1600 – Charles I of England, Scotland, and Ireland (d. 1649)
* 1600 – Lieuwe van Aitzema, Dutch historian and diplomat (d. 1669)

1601–1900

*1617 – Eustache Le Sueur, French painter and educator (d. 1655)
*1700 – Jean-Antoine Nollet, French priest and physicist (d. 1770)
*1711 – Mikhail Lomonosov, Russian physicist, chemist, astronomer, and geographer (d. 1765)
*1722 – Leopold Auenbrugger, Austrian physician (d. 1809)
* 1722 – Benjamin Chew, American lawyer and judge (d. 1810)
*1752 – George Rogers Clark, American general (d. 1818)
*1765 – Filippo Castagna, Maltese politician (d. 1830)
*1770 – Bertel Thorvaldsen, Danish sculptor and academic (d. 1844)
*1802 – Solomon Foot, American lawyer and politician (d. 1866)
*1805 – Ferdinand de Lesseps, French diplomat and engineer, developed the Suez Canal (d. 1894)
*1808 – Janez Bleiweis, Slovenian journalist, physician, and politician (d. 1881)
*1812 – Karl Schwarz, German theologian and politician (d. 1885)
*1828 – Rani Lakshmibai, Indian queen (d. 1858)
*1831 – James A. Garfield, American general, lawyer, and politician, 20th President of the United States (d. 1881)
*1833 – Wilhelm Dilthey, German psychologist, sociologist, and historian (d. 1911)
*1834 – Georg Hermann Quincke, German physicist and academic (d. 1924)
*1843 – Richard Avenarius, German-Swiss philosopher and academic (d. 1896)
* 1843 – C. X. Larrabee, American businessman (d. 1914)
*1845 – Agnes Giberne, Indian-English astronomer and author (d. 1939)
*1859 – Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov, Russian composer, conductor, and educator (d. 1935)
*1862 – Billy Sunday, American baseball player and evangelist (d. 1935)
*1873 – Elizabeth McCombs, the first woman elected to the Parliament of New Zealand (d. 1935)
*1875 – Mikhail Kalinin, Russian civil servant and politician, 1st Head of State of The Soviet Union (d. 1946)
*1876 – Tatyana Afanasyeva, Russian-Dutch mathematician and theorist (d. 1964)
*1877 – Giuseppe Volpi, Italian businessman and politician, founded the Venice Film Festival (d. 1947)
*1883 – Ned Sparks, Canadian-American actor and singer (d. 1957)
*1887 – James B. Sumner, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)
*1888 – José Raúl Capablanca, Cuban-American chess player and theologian (d. 1942)
*1889 – Clifton Webb, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 1966)
*1892 – Thomas Clay, English footballer and coach (d. 1949)
* 1892 – Huw T. Edwards, Welsh poet and politician (d. 1970)
*1893 – René Voisin, French trumpet player (d. 1952)
*1894 – Américo Tomás, Portuguese admiral and politician, 14th President of Portugal (d. 1987)
*1895 – Louise Dahl-Wolfe, American photographer (d. 1989)
* 1895 – Evert van Linge, Dutch footballer and architect (d. 1964)
*1897 – Quentin Roosevelt, American lieutenant and pilot (d. 1918)
*1898 – Klement Jug, Slovenian philosopher and mountaineer (d. 1924)
* 1898 – Arthur R. von Hippel, German-American physicist and academic (d. 2003)
*1899 – Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, Iranian religious leader and scholar (d. 1992)
* 1899 – Allen Tate, American poet and critic (d. 1979)
*1900 – Bunny Ahearne, Irish-English ice hockey player and manager (d. 1985)
* 1900 – Mikhail Lavrentyev, Russian mathematician and hydrodynamicist (d. 1980)
* 1900 – Anna Seghers, German author and politician (d. 1983)

1901–present

*1901 – Nina Bari, Russian mathematician (d. 1961)
*1904 – Nathan Freudenthal Leopold, Jr., American murderer (d. 1971)
*1905 – Eleanor Audley, American actress (d. 1991)
* 1905 – Tommy Dorsey, American trombonist, composer and bandleader (d. 1956)
*1906 – Franz Schädle, German SS officer (d. 1945)
*1907 – Jack Schaefer, American author (d. 1991)
* 1907 – Hans Liska, Austrian-German artist (d. 1983)Manfred H. Grieb: ''Liska, Hans''. In: ''Nürnberger Künstlerlexikon: Bildende Künstler, Kunsthandwerker, Gelehrte, Sammler, Kulturschaffende und Mäzene vom 12. bis zur Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts.'' Walter de Gruyter, 2011, , p. 930
books.google.de
- preview).
*1909 – Peter Drucker, Austrian-American theorist, educator, and author (d. 2005).
* 1909 – Carlos López Moctezuma, Mexican actor (d. 1980).
*1910 – Adrian Conan Doyle, English race car driver, author, and explorer (d. 1970)
*1912 – Bernard Joseph McLaughlin, American bishop (d. 2015)
* 1912 – George Emil Palade, Romanian-American biologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2008)
* 1912 – Robert Simpson, American meteorologist and author (d. 2014)
*1915 – Earl Wilbur Sutherland, Jr., American pharmacologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
*1917 – Indira Gandhi, Indian politician, Prime Minister of India (d. 1984)
*1919 – Gillo Pontecorvo, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
* 1919 – Alan Young, English-Canadian actor, singer, and director (d. 2016)
* 1919 – Lolita Lebrón, Puerto Rican nationalist (d. 2010)
*1920 – Gene Tierney, American actress and singer (d. 1991)
*1921 – Roy Campanella, American baseball player and coach (d. 1993)
* 1921 – Peter Ruckman, American pastor and educator (d. 2016)
*1922 – Salil Chowdhury, Indian director, playwright, and composer (d. 1995)
* 1922 – Yuri Knorozov, Ukrainian-Russian linguist, epigrapher, and ethnographer (d. 1999)
* 1922 – Rajko Mitić, Serbian footballer and coach (d. 2008)
*1923 – Louis D. Rubin, Jr., American author, critic, and academic (d. 2013)
*1924 – Jane Freilicher, American painter and poet (d. 2014)
* 1924 – William Russell, English actor
* 1924 – Knut Steen, Norwegian-Italian sculptor (d. 2011)
* 1924 – Margaret Turner-Warwick, English physician and academic (d. 2017)
*1925 – Zygmunt Bauman, Polish-English sociologist, historian, and academic (d. 2017)
*1926 – Jeane Kirkpatrick, American academic and diplomat, 16th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 2006)
* 1926 – Pino Rauti, Italian journalist and politician (d. 2012)
* 1926 – Barry Reckord, Jamaican playwright and screenwriter (d. 2011)
*1928 – Dara Singh, Indian wrestler, actor, and politician (d. 2012)
*1929 – Norman Cantor, Canadian-American historian and scholar (d. 2004)
*1930 – Kurt Nielsen, Danish tennis player, referee, and sportscaster (d. 2011)
*1932 – Eleanor F. Helin, American astronomer (d. 2009)
*1933 – Larry King, American journalist and talk show host (d. 2021)
* 1933 – Jerry Sheindlin, American judge and author
*1934 – Kurt Hamrin, Swedish footballer and scout
* 1934 – Valentin Ivanov, Russian footballer and manager (d. 2011)
* 1934 – David Lloyd-Jones, English conductor (d. 2022)
*1935 – Rashad Khalifa, Egyptian-American biochemist and scholar (d. 1990)
* 1935 – Jack Welch, American engineer, businessman, and author (d. 2020)
*1936 – Dick Cavett, American actor and talk show host
* 1936 – Ray Collins, American singer (d. 2012)
* 1936 – Yuan T. Lee, Taiwanese-American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
*1937 – Penelope Leach, English psychologist and author
*1938 – Len Killeen, Australian cricketer
* 1938 – Ted Turner, American businessman and philanthropist, founded Turner Broadcasting System
*1939 – Emil Constantinescu, Romanian academic and politician, 3rd President of Romania
* 1939 – Tom Harkin, American lawyer and politician
* 1939 – Jane Mansbridge, American political scientist and academic
* 1939 – Warren "Pete" Moore, American singer-songwriter and record producer (d. 2017)
* 1939 – Richard Zare, American chemist and academic
*1940 – Gary Gruber, author and expert on test-prep (d. 2019)
*1941 – Denny Doherty, Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
* 1941 – Dan Haggerty, American actor and producer (d. 2016)
* 1941 – Tommy Thompson, American captain and politician, 19th United States Secretary of Health and Human Services
*1942 – Roland Clift

HOME


Content is Copyleft
Website design, code, and AI is Copyrighted (c) 2014-2017 by Stephen Payne


Consider donating to Wikimedia



As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases