History
Foundations
In 1842, the bishop of Vincennes,Early history
The college awarded its first degrees in 1849. As it grew under the presidency of Sorin and his successors, new academic programs were offered and new buildings built to accommodate the growing student and faculty population. The brief presidency of Patrick Dillon (1865–1866) saw the original main building replaced with a larger one, which housed the university's administration, classrooms, and dormitories. UnderGrowth
John Zahm was the Holy Cross Provincial for the United States from 1898 to 1906, with overall supervision of the university. He sought to modernize and expand Notre Dame by erecting buildings and adding to the campus art gallery and library, amassing what became a famousExpansion in the 1930s and 1940s
Charles L. O'Donnell (1928–1934) andHesburgh era: 1952–1987
_Campus
__Administration_and_academic_buildings_
The_Main_Building_serves_as_the_center_for_the_university's_administrative_offices,_including_the_Office_of_the_President._Its_golden_dome,_topped_by_the_statue_of_Mary,_is_the_campus'_most_recognizable_landmark._When_the_second_iteration_of_the_main_building_burned_down_in_1879,_the_third_and_current_structure_was_built_in_record_time._The_main_building_is_located_on_Main_Quad_(also_known_as_"God_Quad"),_which_is_the_oldest,_most_historic,_and_most_central_part_of_campus._Behind_the_main_building_stand_several_facilities_with_administrative_purposes_and_student_services,_including_Carole_Sadner_Hall,_Brownson_Hall,_and_St._Liam's_Hall,_the_campus_health_center. There_are_several_religious_buildings_The_current_Basilica_of_the_Sacred_Heart_is_on_the_site_of_Sorin's_original_church,_which_had_become_too_small_for_the_growing_college._It_is_built_in_French_Revival_style,_with_stained_glass_windows_imported_from_France.___Residential_and_student_buildings_
There_are_ 31_undergraduate_residence_halls._Most_of_the_graduate_students_on_campus_live_in_one_of_four_graduate_housing_complexes_on_campus._A_new_residence_for_men,___Athletics_facilities_
Because_of_its_long_athletic_tradition,_the_university_features_many_athletic_buildings,_which_are_concentrated_in_the_southern_and_eastern_sections_of_campus._The_most_prominent_is_Notre_Dame_Stadium,_home_of_the_Fighting_Irish_football_team;_it_has_been_renovated_several_times_and_today_can_seat_over_80,000_people._Prominent_venues_include_the_ Edmund_P._Joyce_Center,_with_indoor_basketball_and_volleyball_courts,_and_the_Compton_Family_Ice_Arena,_a_two-rink_facility_dedicated_to_hockey._There_are_many_outdoor_fields,_such_as_the__Environmental_sustainability
The_Office_of_Sustainability_was_created_in_the_fall_of_2007_at_the_recommendation_of_a_Sustainability_Strategy_Working_Group_and_appointed_the_first_director_in_April_2008._The_pursuit_of__Global_Gateways
_Community_development
The_first_phase_of_Eddy_Street_Commons,_a_$215 million_development_adjacent_to_campus_funded_by_the_university,_broke_ground_in_June_2008._The_project_drew_union_protests_when_workers_hired_by_the_City_of_South_Bend_to_construct_the_public_parking_garage_picketed_the_private_work_site_after_a_contractor_hired_non-union_workers._The_$90 million_second_phase_broke_ground_in_2017._Organization_and_administration
_Endowment
Notre_Dame's_ endowment_was_started_in_the_early_1920s_by_university_president_James_Burns;_it_was_$7_million_by_1952_when_Hesburgh_became_president.__In_fiscal_year_ending_in_2021,_the_university_endowment_market_value_was_$18.07_billion,_Academics
_Colleges_and_schools
*The__Special_programs
Every_Notre_Dame_undergraduate_is_part_of_one_of_the_school's_five_undergraduate_colleges_or_is_in_the_First_Year_of_Studies_program. The_First_Year_of_Studies_program_was_established_in_1962_to_guide__Graduate_education
Each_college_offers_graduate_education_in_the_form_of_master's_and_doctoral_programs._Most_of_the_departments_in_the_College_of_Arts_and_Letters_offer_PhDs,_while_a_professional__Centers_and_institutes
The_university_hosts_several_centers_and_institutes._These_include_the_Center_for_Social_Concerns,_the_Eck_Institute_for_Global_Health,_the_Institute_for_Educational_Initiatives,_the_Keough-Naughton_Institute_for_Irish_Studies,_the__Libraries
_Admissions
Admission_to_Notre_Dame_is_highly_competitive;_the_fall_2022_incoming_class_admitted_3,412_from_a_pool_of_26,506_applicants_for_12.9_percent_acceptance_rate.__Tuition_
Tuition_for_full-time_students_at_the_University_of_Notre_Dame_in_2021_is_$57,192_a_year—a_3.9_percent_increase_over_2020._This_is_slightly_higher_than_the_national_average_for_tuition_increases,_which_is_historically_three_percent_per_year._Rankings
Notre_Dame_has_been_recognized_as_one_of_the_top_universities_in_the_United_States._Research
_Science
Joseph_Carrier,_director_of_the_Science_Museum_and_the_library,_was_a_professor_of_chemistry_and_physics_until_1874._Carrier_taught_that_scientific_research_and_its_promise_for_progress_were_not_antagonistic_to_the_ideals_of_intellectual_and_moral_culture_endorsed_by_the__Humanities
_Current_research
As_of_2019,_research_continued_in_many_fields._President_Jenkins_described_his_hope_that_Notre_Dame_would_become_"one_of_the_pre-eminent_research_institutions_in_the_world"_in_his_inaugural_address._European_émigrés
_Student_life
As_of_Fall_2020,_the_Notre_Dame_student_body_consisted_of_12,681_students,_with_8,731_undergraduate_education, undergraduates_and_3,950_Graduate_school, graduate_and_professional_(Law,_M.Div.,_Business,_MEd)_students._Residence_halls
_Student_clubs
_Student_union
The_Notre_Dame_Club_Coordination_Council_(or_simply_the_Club_Coordination_Council_(CCC))_is_the_branch_of_the_Student_Union_of_the_university_responsible_for_communicating_issues_facing_undergraduate_club_issues,_providing_funding_for_undergraduate_clubs,_serving_as_the_representative_body_of_undergraduate_student_clubs,_and_working_with_student_clubs_to_ensure_that_clubs_can_coordinate_their_programming_of_activities._Student_events
Website_BestColleges.com_ranks_the_university's__Religious_life
_Student-run_media
Notre_Dame_students_run_nine_media_outlets:_three_newspapers,_a_radio_and_television_station,_and_several_magazines_and_journals._The_''Scholastic_(Notre_Dame_publication), Scholastic''_magazine,_begun_as_a_one-page_journal_in_1876,_is_issued_twice_monthly_and_claims_to_be_the_oldest_continuous_collegiate_publication_in_the_United_States._The_other_magazine,_''The_Juggler'',_is_released_twice_a_year_and_focuses_on_student_literature_and_artwork._Athletics
_Football
_Football_game-day_traditions
During_home_games,_activities_occur_all_over_campus_and_dorms_decorate_their_halls_with_a_traditional_item_(e.g.,_Zahm_Hall_(University_of_Notre_Dame), Zahm_Hall's_two-story_banner)._Traditional_activities_begin_at_midnight_with_the_Drummers'_Circle,_involving_the_Band_of_the_Fighting_Irish's_drumline_beginning_the_other_festivities_that_will_continue_the_rest_of_the_game_day_Saturday._Later_that_day,_the_trumpet_section_will_play_the_Notre_Dame_Victory_March_and_the_Notre_Dame_Alma_Mater_under_the_dome._The_entire_band_will_play_a_concert_at_the_steps_of_Bond_Hall,_then_march_into_the_stadium,_leading_fans_and_students_alike_across_campus_to_the_game._Men's_basketball
_Other_sports
Notre_Dame_has_won_an_additional_14_national_championships_in_sports_other_than_football._Three_teams_have_won_multiple_national_championships;_the_fencing_team_leads_with_10,_followed_by_the_men's_tennis_and_women's_soccer_teams_each_with_two._Band_and_"Victory_March"
The_Band_of_the_Fighting_Irish_was_formed_in_1846_and_is_the_oldest_university_band_in_continuous_existence._The_marching_band_plays_at_home_games_for_most_sports._It_regularly_plays_the_school's_fight_song,_the_Notre_Dame_"Victory_March",_identified_as_the_most_played_and_most_famous_fight_song_by_Northern_Illinois_University, Northern_Illinois_professor_William_Studwell._ Cheer,_cheer_for_old_Notre_Dame,
Wake_up_the_echoes_cheering_her_name,
Send_a_volley_cheer_on_high,
Shake_down_the_thunder_from_the_sky.
What_though_the_odds_be_great_or_small
Old_Notre_Dame_will_win_over_all,
While_her_loyal_sons_are_marching
Onward_to_victory.
_Alumni
The_school_has_over_130,000_alumni_and_275_alumni_clubs_around_the_world._Many_give_the_university_yearly_monetary_support._Notre_Dame_is_ranked_among_schools_with_the_highest_alumni_donation_rates._A_school-record_of_53.2_percent_of_alumni_donating_was_set_in_2006._Many_buildings,_including_residence_halls,_on_campus_are_named_for_major_donors._Classroom_buildings,_and_the_performing_arts_center_are_also_named_for_donors._Popular_culture
The_University_of_Notre_Dame_is_the_setting_of_several_works_of_fiction,_as_well_as_the_alma_mater_of_some_fictional_characters._Film
*''Knute_Rockne,_All_American''_is_a_1940_biographical_film_which_tells_the_story_of_Knute_Rockne,_Notre_Dame_football_coach. *The_"Win_one_for_the_Gipper"_speech_was_parodied_in_the_1980_movie_''Airplane!''_when,_with_the_Victory_March_rising_to_a_crescendo_in_the_background,_Dr._Rumak,_played_by_Leslie_Nielsen,_urged_reluctant_pilot_Ted_Striker,_played_by_Robert_Hays,_to_"win_just_one_for_the_Zipper",_Striker's_war_buddy,_George_Zipp._The_Victory_March_also_plays_during_the_film's_credits. *Rudy_(film), ''Rudy''_is_a_1993_account_of_the_life_of_Rudy_Ruettiger, Daniel_"Rudy"_Ruettiger,_who_harbored_dreams_of_playing_football_at_Notre_Dame_despite_significant_obstacles._Television
*President_Josiah_Bartlet_from_the_show_''The_West_Wing''_is_a_Notre_Dame_graduate,_and_the_First_Lady_Abigail_Bartlet_attended___Other_media
*The_song_This_Too_Shall_Pass_(OK_Go_song), This_Too_Shall_Pass_by_OK_Go_and_its_video_were_created_in_collaboration_with_the_Band_of_the_Fighting_Irish, Notre_Dame_Marching_Band_and_the_video_shot_on_the_university_campus._See_also
*Notre_Dame_Shakespeare_Festival,_held_on_campus_every_summer_Notes
_References
_Further_reading
*Burns,_Robert_E._''Being_Catholic,_Being_American:_The_Notre_Dame_Story,_1934–1952,_Vol._2.''_(2000)._632pp_External_links
*Recent history
In the 18 yearsCampus
Notre Dame's campus is located inAdministration and academic buildings
The Main Building serves as the center for the university's administrative offices, including the Office of the President. Its golden dome, topped by the statue of Mary, is the campus' most recognizable landmark. When the second iteration of the main building burned down in 1879, the third and current structure was built in record time. The main building is located on Main Quad (also known as "God Quad"), which is the oldest, most historic, and most central part of campus. Behind the main building stand several facilities with administrative purposes and student services, including Carole Sadner Hall, Brownson Hall, and St. Liam's Hall, the campus health center. There are several religious buildings The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is on the site of Sorin's original church, which had become too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style, with stained glass windows imported from France. Luigi Gregori, an Italian painter invited by Sorin to be an artist in residence, painted the interior. The basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church, there are sculptures by Ivan Meštrović. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, built in 1896, serves as a replica of the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes, original inResidential and student buildings
There are University of Notre Dame residence halls, 31 undergraduate residence halls. Most of the graduate students on campus live in one of four graduate housing complexes on campus. A new residence for men, Dunne Hall (University of Notre Dame), Dunne Hall, began accepting residents in the fall of 2016. Flaherty Hall (University of Notre Dame), Flaherty Hall, for women, was also completed and opened that semester. The South Dining Hall and North Dining Hall serve the student body. The campus hosts several entertainment, general purpose, and common spaces. LaFortune Student Center, commonly known as "LaFortune" or "LaFun," is a four-story building built in 1883 that serves the student union and hosts social, recreational, cultural, and educational activities. LaFortune hosts many businesses (including restaurant chains), student services, and divisions of The Office of Student Affairs. A second student union came with the addition of Duncan Student Center, which is built onto the Notre Dame Stadium as part of the Campus Crossroads projects. As well as additional food service chains, recreation facilities, and student offices, Duncan also hosts a student gym and a ballroom.Athletics facilities
Because of its long athletic tradition, the university features many athletic buildings, which are concentrated in the southern and eastern sections of campus. The most prominent is Notre Dame Stadium, home of the Fighting Irish football team; it has been renovated several times and today can seat over 80,000 people. Prominent venues include the Edmund P. Joyce Center, with indoor basketball and volleyball courts, and the Compton Family Ice Arena, a two-rink facility dedicated to hockey. There are many outdoor fields, such as the Frank Eck Stadium for baseball. Legends of Notre Dame (commonly called Legends) is a music venue, public house, and restaurant on campus, just south of the stadium. The former Alumni Senior Club opened in September 2003 after a $3.5 million renovation and became an all-ages student hang-out. Legends is made up of two parts: The Restaurant and Alehouse and the nightclub.Environmental sustainability
The Office of Sustainability was created in the fall of 2007 at the recommendation of a Sustainability Strategy Working Group and appointed the first director in April 2008. The pursuit ofGlobal Gateways
The university owns several centers around the world used for international studies and research, conferences abroad, and alumni support. *''London''. The university has had a presence in London since 1968. Since 1998, its London center has been based in Fischer Hall, the former United University Club in Trafalgar Square. The center hosts the university's programs in the city, and conferences and symposia. The university also owns a residence facility, Royal Waterloo Hospital for Children and Women, Conway Hall, for students studying abroad. *''Beijing''. The university owns space in the Liangmaqiao Station area. The center is the hub of Notre Dame Asia. It hosts a number of programs including study abroad. *''Community development
The first phase of Eddy Street Commons, a $215 million development adjacent to campus funded by the university, broke ground in June 2008. The project drew union protests when workers hired by the City of South Bend to construct the public parking garage picketed the private work site after a contractor hired non-union workers. The $90 million second phase broke ground in 2017.Organization and administration
President of the University of Notre Dame, The university's president is always a priest of the Congregation of Holy Cross. The first president was Edward Sorin; and the current president is John I. Jenkins. , Marie Lynn Miranda is the Provost (education), provost overseeing academic functions. Until 1967, Notre Dame had been governed directly by the Congregation. Under the presidency of Theodore Hesburgh, two groups, the Board of Fellows, and the Trustee, Board of Trustees, were established to govern the university. The 12 fellows are evenly divided between members of the Holy Cross order and the laity; they have final say over the operation of the university. They vote on potential trustees and sign off on all that board's major decisions. The trustees elect the president and provide general guidance and governance to the university.Endowment
Notre Dame's financial endowment, endowment was started in the early 1920s by university president James Burns; it was $7 million by 1952 when Hesburgh became president. In fiscal year ending in 2021, the university endowment market value was $18.07 billion, though more recently it reported its value at approximately $13.3 billion.Academics
Colleges and schools
*The Notre Dame College of Arts and Letters, College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842. The first degrees were granted seven years later. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Society of Jesus, Jesuit ''Ratio Studiorum'' from Saint Louis University. Today, the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in nearly 70 majors and minors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are more than 3,000 undergraduates and 1,100 graduates enrolled in the college, taught by 500 faculty members. *The Notre Dame College of Science, College of Science was established in 1865. The curriculum involved six years of coursework, including higher-level mathematics. Today, the college, housed in the Jordan Hall of Science, includes over 1,200 undergraduates in several departments, each awarding Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees. According to university statistics, its science pre-professional program has one of the highest acceptance rates to medical school of any university in the United States. *TheSpecial programs
Every Notre Dame undergraduate is part of one of the school's five undergraduate colleges or is in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide first year, freshmen through their first year at the school before they have declared a Major (academic), major. Each student is assigned an academic advisor who helps them choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program includes a Learning Resource Center, which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. It has been recognized as outstanding by ''U.S. News & World Report''. First Year of Studies is designed to encourage intellectual and academic achievement and innovation among first-year students. It includes programs such as FY advising, the Dean's A-list, the Renaissance circle, NDignite, the First Year Urban challenge, and more. Every admissions cycle, the Office of Undergraduate Admissions selects a small number of students for the Glynn Family Honors Program, which grants top students within the College of Arts and Letters and the College of Science access to smaller class sizes taught by distinguished faculty, endowed funding for independent research, and dedicated advising faculty and staff.Graduate education
Each college offers graduate education in the form of master's and doctoral programs. Most of the departments in the College of Arts and Letters offer PhDs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M.Div.) program also exists. All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhDs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. The School of Architecture offers a Master of Architecture, while each of the departments of the College of Engineering offer PhDs. The College of Business offers multiple professional programs, including MBA and Master of Accountancy, Master of Science in Accountancy programs. It also operates facilities in Chicago and Cincinnati for its executive MBA program. The Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program, where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States, South for two school years. The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. The program expanded to include Master of Laws (LLM) and Master of Civil Engineering in its early stages of growth, before a formal graduate school education was developed with aCenters and institutes
The university hosts several centers and institutes. These include the Center for Social Concerns, the Eck Institute for Global Health, the Institute for Educational Initiatives, the Keough-Naughton Institute for Irish Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, the McGrath Institute for Church Life, the Medieval Institute, the Nanovic Institute for European Studies, and the Tantur Ecumenical Institute. There are also several college-based institutes such as the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center (UNDERC), the Harper Cancer Research Institute, the Initiative for Global Development, the Institute for Flow Physics and Control, the Institute for Latino Studies, the Liu Institute for Asia and Asian Studies, and the Wireless Institute. In 2019, Notre Dame announced plans to rename the Center for Ethics and Culture, an organization focused on spreading Catholic moral and intellectual traditions. The new A $10 million gift from Anthony and Christie funded the Center for Ethics and Culture. The university is also home to the McGrath Institute for Church Life, which "partners with Catholic dioceses, parishes and schools to address pastoral challenges with theological depth and rigor". The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, founded in 1986 through donations Joan B. Kroc, the surviving spouse ofLibraries
The university's library system is divided between the main library, the 14-story Theodore M. Hesburgh Library, and each of the colleges and schools. The Hesburgh Library, completed in 1963, is the third building to house the main collection. The ''Word of Life''Admissions
Admission to Notre Dame is highly competitive; the fall 2022 incoming class admitted 3,412 from a pool of 26,506 applicants for 12.9 percent acceptance rate. The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. Of the most recent class, the class of 2020, 48 percent were in the top one percent of their high school, and 94 percent were in the top 10 percent. The medianTuition
Tuition for full-time students at the University of Notre Dame in 2021 is $57,192 a year—a 3.9 percent increase over 2020. This is slightly higher than the national average for tuition increases, which is historically three percent per year. Room and board is estimated to be an additional $15,984 a year for students who live in campus housing. Notre Dame is a private university, so it offers the same tuition for in-state and out-of-state students.Rankings
Notre Dame has been recognized as one of the top universities in the United States. In 2020, Notre Dame ranked 11th for "best undergraduate teaching", 24th for "best value" school and tied for 15th overall among "national universities" in the United States in ''U.S. News & World Report''s ''Best Colleges'' report. The school ranked 19th in ''U.S. News & World Report''s 2022 Best University Rankings report. ''U.S. News'' ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as tied for 12th best in the U.S. in 2020. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 17th nationally. The university is a member of the Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge Associated Universities Consortium.Research
Science
Joseph Carrier, director of the Science Museum and the library, was a professor of chemistry and physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Catholic Church. One of Carrier's students, John Augustine Zahm, was made professor and co-director of the science department at 23; by 1900, he was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. He was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book ''Evolution and Dogma'' (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great church teachers, Thomas Aquinas and Augustine of Hippo, Augustine, taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon. In 1882, Albert Francis Zahm, Albert Zahm, John's brother, built an early wind tunnel to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that were used to createHumanities
Richard T. Sullivan taught English from 1936 to 1974 and published six novels, dozens of short stories, and other works. He was known as a regional writer and a Catholic spokesperson. Frank O'Malley was an English professor during the 1930s–1960s. Influenced by philosophers Jacques Maritain, John U. Nef, and others, O'Malley developed a concept of Christian philosophy that was a fundamental element in his thought. Through his course "Modern Catholic Writers", O'Malley introduced generations of undergraduates to Gabriel Marcel, Graham Greene, Evelyn Waugh, Sigrid Undset, Paul Claudel, and Gerard Manley Hopkins. In 1939, Waldemar Gurian founded ''The Review of Politics'', modeled after German Catholic journals. It quickly emerged as part of an international Catholic intellectual revival, offering an alternative vision to positivist philosophy. For 44 years, the ''Review'' was edited by Gurian, M. A. Fitzsimons, Matthew Fitzsimons, Frederick Crosson, and Thomas Stritch. Intellectual leaders included Gurian, Maritain, O'Malley, Leo Richard Ward, F. A. Hermens, and John U. Nef. It became a major forum for political ideas and modern political concerns, especially from a Catholic and scholastic tradition. Kenneth M. Sayre, Kenneth Sayre has explored the history of the Philosophy department. He stresses the abandonment of officialCurrent research
As of 2019, research continued in many fields. President Jenkins described his hope that Notre Dame would become "one of the pre-eminent research institutions in the world" in his inaugural address. The university has many multi-disciplinary research institutes, including the Medieval Institute, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace and conflict studies, Peace Studies, and the Center for Social Concerns. Recent research includes work on family conflict and child development, genome project, genome mapping, the increasing Balance of trade, trade deficit of the United States with China, studies in fluid mechanics, computational science and engineering, supramolecular chemistry, and marketing trends on the Internet. , the university was home to the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index, which ranks countries annually based on how vulnerable they are to climate change and how prepared they are to adapt. In the fiscal 2019, the university received the all-time high research funding of $180.6 million, an increase of $100 million from 2009 and a 27 percent increase from the previous year, with top funded and cutting-edge projects including vector-borne diseases, urbanism, environmental design, cancer, psychology, economics, philosophy of religion, particle physics, nanotechnology, and hypersonics. Notre Dame has a strong background in the humanities, with 65 National Endowment for the Humanities fellowships, more than any other university. Focus areas include anti-poverty economic strategy, the premier Medieval Institute, Latino studies, sacred music, Italian studies, Catholic studies, psychology, aging and stress, social good, and theology. In the sciences, research focuses and specialized centers include the Harper Cancer Research Institute, the Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, the Center for Nano Science and Technology, the Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, the Eck Institute for Global Health, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center, Topology and Quantum Field Theory, the Nuclear Physics Research Group, and the Environmental Change Initiative.European émigrés
The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced many Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; President John O'Hara brought many of them to Notre Dame. Anton-Hermann Chroust, in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian, a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent, came from Germany. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward, but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education, and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Meštrović, a renowned sculptor, brought Croat culture to campus. Yves Simon (philosopher), Yves Simon brought the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy to the university in the 1940s; his teacher, Jacques Maritain, was a frequent visitor to campus. The exiles developed a distinctive emphasis on the evils of totalitarianism. For example, the political science courses of Gerhart Niemeyer discussed communist ideology and were accessible to his students. He came to the university in 1955 and was a frequent contributor to the ''National Review'' and other conservative magazines. In 1960 Hesburgh, at the urging of Niemeyer and political science department head, Stanley Parry, invited Eric Voegelin (1901–1985), who had escaped Nazi-occupied Austria, to guest lecture at Notre Dame, which he did until his retirement in 1968.Student life
As of Fall 2020, the Notre Dame student body consisted of 12,681 students, with 8,731 undergraduate education, undergraduates and 3,950 Graduate school, graduate and professional (Law, M.Div., Business, MEd) students. An estimated 21–24 percent of students are children of alumnus, alumni, and the student body represents all 50 states and 88 countries. Thirty-seven percent of students come from the Midwestern United States, and 40 percent of students are U.S. students of color, eight percent are international citizens.Residence halls
The residence halls, or dorms, are the focus of student social and intramural life. Each hall is led by a rector, a full-time, live-in professional who serves as leader, chief administrator, community builder and university resource to the residents, and is a priest, religious sister or brother, or a layperson trained in ministry and/or education. Rectors direct the hall community, foster bonding, and often coordinate with professors, academic advisors, and counselors to watch over students and assist them with their personal development. Rectors select, hire, train, and supervise hall staff: resident assistants (required to be seniors) and assistant rectors (graduate students). Many residence halls also have a priest or faculty members in residence as faculty fellows, who provide an additional academic and intellectual experience to residential hall life. Every hall has its own chapel, dedicated to the hall's patron saint, and liturgical schedule with masses celebrated multiple times a week during the academic year, in the tradition of individual chapels at English Colleges within universities in the United Kingdom, university colleges. Fraternities and sororities are not allowed on campus, as they are described as in opposition to the university's educational and residential mission. The residential halls provide the social and communal aspect of fraternities, but in line with the university's policy of inclusion and zero tolerance of hazing, and according to former director of admissions, Dan Saracino, without "any of the disadvantages [of the Greek system] – rush, the cliques, deciding on whether you're good enough to join them, monthly 'dues' and a much lower diversity of people living together". Over four-fifths of students live in the same residence hall for three consecutive years and about one-third of students live in the same residence hall for all four years . A new policy was put into effect beginning in 2018, which required undergraduates to live on-campus for three years. In spring 2019, the university also announced a policy that prohibited students living off campus from participating in dorm activities, such as intramural sports and dorm dances. Most intramural (interhall) sports are based on residence hall teams, where the university offers the only non-military academy program of full-contact intramural American football. At the end of the interhall football season, the championship game is played inStudent clubs
There are over 400 active student clubs at the University of Notre Dame, with the financial oversight of each club delegated by the student-run Notre Dame Club Coordination Council, Club Coordination Council. The university subsidizes clubs, providing almost 15 percent of clubs' collective projected expenditures of $2.2 million during the 2018–2019 academic year. There are a variety of student clubs on campus, including nine for students from different states, about three dozen clubs that represent different nationalities and origins, and clubs dedicated to Catholic theology, diverse faith practices, social service, political advocacy and awareness, competitive athletics, professional development and networking, performing arts, academic debate, foreign affairs, fraternal brotherhood, women's empowerment, and many other interests. The university hosts their annual Student Activities Fair early in the fall semester for all students interested in joining clubs or other student organizations.Student union
The Notre Dame Club Coordination Council (or simply the Club Coordination Council (CCC)) is the branch of the Student Union of the university responsible for communicating issues facing undergraduate club issues, providing funding for undergraduate clubs, serving as the representative body of undergraduate student clubs, and working with student clubs to ensure that clubs can coordinate their programming of activities. The CCC oversees around 400 student clubs, each of which serves a unique purpose. The approval of the council, along with that of the Notre Dame Student Activities Office, is a requirement for official recognition of student clubs.Student events
Website BestColleges.com ranks the university'sReligious life
While having a religious affiliation is not a criterion for admission, over 93 percent of students identify as Christian, with over 80 percent of those being Catholic. There are 57 chapels on campus, including one in every residence hall. Collectively, Mass (liturgy), Catholic Mass is celebrated over 100 times per week on campus, and a large campus ministry program provides for the faith needs of the community. There is also an active council of the Knights of Columbus on campus, which is the oldest and largest college council of the international Catholic men's organization. Non-Catholic religious organizations on campus include the Baptist Student Union, Baptist Collegiate Ministry (BCM), Jewish Club of Notre Dame, the Muslim Student Association, the Orthodox Christian Fellowship, the Chi Alpha Christian Fellowship, and many more. The university is the major seat of the Congregation of Holy Cross (albeit not its official headquarters, which are in Rome). Its main seminary, Moreau Seminary, is on the campus across St. Joseph Lake from the Main Building. Old College, the oldest building on campus near the shore of St. Mary's Lake, houses undergraduate seminarians. Retired priests and brothers reside in Fatima House (a former retreat center), Holy Cross House, and Columba Hall near the Grotto.Student-run media
Notre Dame students run nine media outlets: three newspapers, a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. The ''Scholastic (Notre Dame publication), Scholastic'' magazine, begun as a one-page journal in 1876, is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, ''The Juggler'', is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The ''Dome'' yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with ''The Observer (Notre Dame), The Observer'' published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike ''Scholastic'' and ''The Dome'', ''The Observer'' is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the university. In 2003, when other students believed that the paper had a liberal bias, they started The Irish Rover (newspaper), ''The'' ''Irish Rover'', a print and digital newspaper published twice per month that features regular columns from alumni and faculty and coverage of campus matters. As of 2005, ''The Observer'' and the ''Irish Rover'' were distributed to all students. In Spring 2008, ''Beyond Politics'', an undergraduate journal for political science research, made its debut. The television station NDtv grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and the larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM;it now airs independently and is streamed on the Internet.Athletics
Notre Dame's sports teams are known as the Fighting Irish. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (NCAA), Division I, primarily competing in theFootball
The Notre Dame football team's history began when the Michigan Wolverines football, Michigan team brought the game to Notre Dame in 1887 and played against a group of students. Since then, 13 Fighting Irish teams have won consensus College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS, national championships (although the university only claims 11), along with another nine teams being named national champions by at least one source. The program has the most members in theFootball game-day traditions
During home games, activities occur all over campus and dorms decorate their halls with a traditional item (e.g., Zahm Hall (University of Notre Dame), Zahm Hall's two-story banner). Traditional activities begin at midnight with the Drummers' Circle, involving the Band of the Fighting Irish's drumline beginning the other festivities that will continue the rest of the game day Saturday. Later that day, the trumpet section will play the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater under the dome. The entire band will play a concert at the steps of Bond Hall, then march into the stadium, leading fans and students alike across campus to the game.Men's basketball
As of the 2020–2021 season, the men's basketball team has over 1,910 wins and appeared in 36 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship, NCAA tournamentsp.73 Former player Austin Carr holds the record for most points scored in a single game of the tournament with 61. Although the team has never won the NCAA Tournament, they were named by the Helms Athletic Foundation as national champions twice. The team has orchestrated a number of Upset (competition), upsets of top-ranked teams, the most notable of which was ending UCLA Bruins men's basketball, UCLA's record 88-game winning streak in 1974. Notre Dame has beaten an additional eight number-one teams, and those nine wins rank second, to UCLA's 10, all-time in wins against the top team. The team plays in the newly renovated Purcell Pavilion (within the Joyce Center, Edmund P. Joyce Center), which reopened for the 2009–2010 season. The team is coached by Mike Brey, who, as of the 2020–21 season, his 22nd at Notre Dame, has achieved a 449–248 record. In 2009, Notre Dame was invited to the NIT, where they reached the semi-finals. The 2010–11 team concluded its regular season ranked number seven in the country, with a record of 25–5, Brey's fifth straight 20-win season, and a second-place finish in the Big East. During the 2014–15 season, the team went 32–6 and won the ACC tournament, later advancing to the Elite 8, where they lost on a missed final shot against then-undefeated Kentucky. Led by NBA draft picks Jerian Grant and Pat Connaughton, the Fighting Irish beat the eventual national champion Duke Blue Devils twice during the season. The 32 wins were the most by the Fighting Irish team since 1908–09.Other sports
Notre Dame has won an additional 14 national championships in sports other than football. Three teams have won multiple national championships; the fencing team leads with 10, followed by the men's tennis and women's soccer teams each with two. The men's cross country running, cross country, and golf teams have won one and Notre Dame women's basketball has won two. In the first 10 years that Notre Dame competed in the Big East Conference its teams won a total of 64 championships. , the women's swimming and diving team holds the Big East record for consecutive conference championships in any sport with 14 straight conference titles (1997–2010).Band and "Victory March"
The Band of the Fighting Irish was formed in 1846 and is the oldest university band in continuous existence. The marching band plays at home games for most sports. It regularly plays the school's fight song, the Notre Dame "Victory March", identified as the most played and most famous fight song by Northern Illinois University, Northern Illinois professor William Studwell. According to ''College Fight Songs: An Annotated Anthology'' published in 1998, the "Victory March" is the greatest fight song. It was honored by the National Music Council as a "Landmark of American Music" during the United States Bicentennial. The song is featured in the movies ''Knute Rockne, All American,'' ''Airplane!, and'' ''Rudy (film), Rudy''. Two brothers wrote the "Victory March". Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics. The lyrics were revised in the 1920s; it first appeared under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame in 1928. The chorus is:Cheer, cheer for old Notre Dame,
Wake up the echoes cheering her name,
Send a volley cheer on high,
Shake down the thunder from the sky.
What though the odds be great or small
Old Notre Dame will win over all,
While her loyal sons are marching
Onward to victory.
Alumni
The school has over 130,000 alumni and 275 alumni clubs around the world. Many give the university yearly monetary support. Notre Dame is ranked among schools with the highest alumni donation rates. A school-record of 53.2 percent of alumni donating was set in 2006. Many buildings, including residence halls, on campus are named for major donors. Classroom buildings, and the performing arts center are also named for donors. Alumni working in politics include Governor (United States), state governors, members of the United States Congress, and former United States Secretary of State, United States secretary of state Condoleezza Rice. Notable alumni from the College of Science are Eric F. Wieschaus, winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in medicine, and Philip Majerus, discoverer of the cardioprotective effects of aspirin. Many university officials are alumni, including the current president, John Jenkins. Alumni in media include talk show hosts Regis Philbin and Phil Donahue, and television and radio personalities such as Mike Golic and Hannah Storm. A number of sports alumni have continued their careers in professional sports, such as Joe Theismann, Joe Montana, Tim Brown (American football), Tim Brown, Ross Browner, Rocket Ismail, Ruth Riley, Jeff Samardzija, Jerome Bettis, Justin Tuck, Craig Counsell, Skylar Diggins-Smith, Brett Lebda, Olympic fencing gold medalist Mariel Zagunis and bronze medalist Nick Itkin, professional boxer Mike Lee (boxer), Mike Lee, former football coaches such as Charlie Weis, Frank Leahy andPopular culture
The University of Notre Dame is the setting of several works of fiction, as well as the alma mater of some fictional characters. In mid-20th century America it became "perhaps the most popular symbol of Catholicism", as noted by ''The Routledge Companion to Religion and Popular Culture'':Film
*''Knute Rockne, All American'' is a 1940 biographical film which tells the story of Knute Rockne, Notre Dame football coach. *The "Win one for the Gipper" speech was parodied in the 1980 movie ''Airplane!'' when, with the Victory March rising to a crescendo in the background, Dr. Rumak, played by Leslie Nielsen, urged reluctant pilot Ted Striker, played by Robert Hays, to "win just one for the Zipper", Striker's war buddy, George Zipp. The Victory March also plays during the film's credits. *Rudy (film), ''Rudy'' is a 1993 account of the life of Rudy Ruettiger, Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.Television
*President Josiah Bartlet from the show ''The West Wing'' is a Notre Dame graduate, and the First Lady Abigail Bartlet attended Saint Mary's College. Danny Concannon, a member of the White House press corps, is also a graduate of Notre Dame. Actor Martin Sheen specifically asked that his character be a Notre Dame alumnus, due to the Catholicism shared by both the actor and the character.Other media
*The song This Too Shall Pass (OK Go song), This Too Shall Pass by OK Go and its video were created in collaboration with the Band of the Fighting Irish, Notre Dame Marching Band and the video shot on the university campus.See also
*Notre Dame Shakespeare Festival, held on campus every summerNotes
References
Further reading
*Burns, Robert E. ''Being Catholic, Being American: The Notre Dame Story, 1934–1952, Vol. 2.'' (2000). 632ppExternal links
*Recent history
In the 18 yearsCampus
Notre Dame's campus is located inAdministration and academic buildings
The Main Building serves as the center for the university's administrative offices, including the Office of the President. Its golden dome, topped by the statue of Mary, is the campus' most recognizable landmark. When the second iteration of the main building burned down in 1879, the third and current structure was built in record time. The main building is located on Main Quad (also known as "God Quad"), which is the oldest, most historic, and most central part of campus. Behind the main building stand several facilities with administrative purposes and student services, including Carole Sadner Hall, Brownson Hall, and St. Liam's Hall, the campus health center. There are several religious buildings The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is on the site of Sorin's original church, which had become too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style, with stained glass windows imported from France. Luigi Gregori, an Italian painter invited by Sorin to be an artist in residence, painted the interior. The basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church, there are sculptures by Ivan Meštrović. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, built in 1896, serves as a replica of the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes, original inResidential and student buildings
There are University of Notre Dame residence halls, 31 undergraduate residence halls. Most of the graduate students on campus live in one of four graduate housing complexes on campus. A new residence for men, Dunne Hall (University of Notre Dame), Dunne Hall, began accepting residents in the fall of 2016. Flaherty Hall (University of Notre Dame), Flaherty Hall, for women, was also completed and opened that semester. The South Dining Hall and North Dining Hall serve the student body. The campus hosts several entertainment, general purpose, and common spaces. LaFortune Student Center, commonly known as "LaFortune" or "LaFun," is a four-story building built in 1883 that serves the student union and hosts social, recreational, cultural, and educational activities. LaFortune hosts many businesses (including restaurant chains), student services, and divisions of The Office of Student Affairs. A second student union came with the addition of Duncan Student Center, which is built onto the Notre Dame Stadium as part of the Campus Crossroads projects. As well as additional food service chains, recreation facilities, and student offices, Duncan also hosts a student gym and a ballroom.Athletics facilities
Because of its long athletic tradition, the university features many athletic buildings, which are concentrated in the southern and eastern sections of campus. The most prominent is Notre Dame Stadium, home of the Fighting Irish football team; it has been renovated several times and today can seat over 80,000 people. Prominent venues include the Edmund P. Joyce Center, with indoor basketball and volleyball courts, and the Compton Family Ice Arena, a two-rink facility dedicated to hockey. There are many outdoor fields, such as the Frank Eck Stadium for baseball. Legends of Notre Dame (commonly called Legends) is a music venue, public house, and restaurant on campus, just south of the stadium. The former Alumni Senior Club opened in September 2003 after a $3.5 million renovation and became an all-ages student hang-out. Legends is made up of two parts: The Restaurant and Alehouse and the nightclub.Environmental sustainability
The Office of Sustainability was created in the fall of 2007 at the recommendation of a Sustainability Strategy Working Group and appointed the first director in April 2008. The pursuit ofGlobal Gateways
The university owns several centers around the world used for international studies and research, conferences abroad, and alumni support. *''London''. The university has had a presence in London since 1968. Since 1998, its London center has been based in Fischer Hall, the former United University Club in Trafalgar Square. The center hosts the university's programs in the city, and conferences and symposia. The university also owns a residence facility, Royal Waterloo Hospital for Children and Women, Conway Hall, for students studying abroad. *''Beijing''. The university owns space in the Liangmaqiao Station area. The center is the hub of Notre Dame Asia. It hosts a number of programs including study abroad. *''Community development
The first phase of Eddy Street Commons, a $215 million development adjacent to campus funded by the university, broke ground in June 2008. The project drew union protests when workers hired by the City of South Bend to construct the public parking garage picketed the private work site after a contractor hired non-union workers. The $90 million second phase broke ground in 2017.Organization and administration
President of the University of Notre Dame, The university's president is always a priest of the Congregation of Holy Cross. The first president was Edward Sorin; and the current president is John I. Jenkins. , Marie Lynn Miranda is the Provost (education), provost overseeing academic functions. Until 1967, Notre Dame had been governed directly by the Congregation. Under the presidency of Theodore Hesburgh, two groups, the Board of Fellows, and the Trustee, Board of Trustees, were established to govern the university. The 12 fellows are evenly divided between members of the Holy Cross order and the laity; they have final say over the operation of the university. They vote on potential trustees and sign off on all that board's major decisions. The trustees elect the president and provide general guidance and governance to the university.Endowment
Notre Dame's financial endowment, endowment was started in the early 1920s by university president James Burns; it was $7 million by 1952 when Hesburgh became president. In fiscal year ending in 2021, the university endowment market value was $18.07 billion, though more recently it reported its value at approximately $13.3 billion.Academics
Colleges and schools
*The Notre Dame College of Arts and Letters, College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842. The first degrees were granted seven years later. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Society of Jesus, Jesuit ''Ratio Studiorum'' from Saint Louis University. Today, the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in nearly 70 majors and minors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are more than 3,000 undergraduates and 1,100 graduates enrolled in the college, taught by 500 faculty members. *The Notre Dame College of Science, College of Science was established in 1865. The curriculum involved six years of coursework, including higher-level mathematics. Today, the college, housed in the Jordan Hall of Science, includes over 1,200 undergraduates in several departments, each awarding Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees. According to university statistics, its science pre-professional program has one of the highest acceptance rates to medical school of any university in the United States. *TheSpecial programs
Every Notre Dame undergraduate is part of one of the school's five undergraduate colleges or is in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide first year, freshmen through their first year at the school before they have declared a Major (academic), major. Each student is assigned an academic advisor who helps them choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program includes a Learning Resource Center, which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. It has been recognized as outstanding by ''U.S. News & World Report''. First Year of Studies is designed to encourage intellectual and academic achievement and innovation among first-year students. It includes programs such as FY advising, the Dean's A-list, the Renaissance circle, NDignite, the First Year Urban challenge, and more. Every admissions cycle, the Office of Undergraduate Admissions selects a small number of students for the Glynn Family Honors Program, which grants top students within the College of Arts and Letters and the College of Science access to smaller class sizes taught by distinguished faculty, endowed funding for independent research, and dedicated advising faculty and staff.Graduate education
Each college offers graduate education in the form of master's and doctoral programs. Most of the departments in the College of Arts and Letters offer PhDs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M.Div.) program also exists. All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhDs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. The School of Architecture offers a Master of Architecture, while each of the departments of the College of Engineering offer PhDs. The College of Business offers multiple professional programs, including MBA and Master of Accountancy, Master of Science in Accountancy programs. It also operates facilities in Chicago and Cincinnati for its executive MBA program. The Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program, where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States, South for two school years. The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. The program expanded to include Master of Laws (LLM) and Master of Civil Engineering in its early stages of growth, before a formal graduate school education was developed with aCenters and institutes
The university hosts several centers and institutes. These include the Center for Social Concerns, the Eck Institute for Global Health, the Institute for Educational Initiatives, the Keough-Naughton Institute for Irish Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, the McGrath Institute for Church Life, the Medieval Institute, the Nanovic Institute for European Studies, and the Tantur Ecumenical Institute. There are also several college-based institutes such as the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center (UNDERC), the Harper Cancer Research Institute, the Initiative for Global Development, the Institute for Flow Physics and Control, the Institute for Latino Studies, the Liu Institute for Asia and Asian Studies, and the Wireless Institute. In 2019, Notre Dame announced plans to rename the Center for Ethics and Culture, an organization focused on spreading Catholic moral and intellectual traditions. The new A $10 million gift from Anthony and Christie funded the Center for Ethics and Culture. The university is also home to the McGrath Institute for Church Life, which "partners with Catholic dioceses, parishes and schools to address pastoral challenges with theological depth and rigor". The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, founded in 1986 through donations Joan B. Kroc, the surviving spouse ofLibraries
The university's library system is divided between the main library, the 14-story Theodore M. Hesburgh Library, and each of the colleges and schools. The Hesburgh Library, completed in 1963, is the third building to house the main collection. The ''Word of Life''Admissions
Admission to Notre Dame is highly competitive; the fall 2022 incoming class admitted 3,412 from a pool of 26,506 applicants for 12.9 percent acceptance rate. The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. Of the most recent class, the class of 2020, 48 percent were in the top one percent of their high school, and 94 percent were in the top 10 percent. The medianTuition
Tuition for full-time students at the University of Notre Dame in 2021 is $57,192 a year—a 3.9 percent increase over 2020. This is slightly higher than the national average for tuition increases, which is historically three percent per year. Room and board is estimated to be an additional $15,984 a year for students who live in campus housing. Notre Dame is a private university, so it offers the same tuition for in-state and out-of-state students.Rankings
Notre Dame has been recognized as one of the top universities in the United States. In 2020, Notre Dame ranked 11th for "best undergraduate teaching", 24th for "best value" school and tied for 15th overall among "national universities" in the United States in ''U.S. News & World Report''s ''Best Colleges'' report. The school ranked 19th in ''U.S. News & World Report''s 2022 Best University Rankings report. ''U.S. News'' ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as tied for 12th best in the U.S. in 2020. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 17th nationally. The university is a member of the Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge Associated Universities Consortium.Research
Science
Joseph Carrier, director of the Science Museum and the library, was a professor of chemistry and physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Catholic Church. One of Carrier's students, John Augustine Zahm, was made professor and co-director of the science department at 23; by 1900, he was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. He was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book ''Evolution and Dogma'' (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great church teachers, Thomas Aquinas and Augustine of Hippo, Augustine, taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon. In 1882, Albert Francis Zahm, Albert Zahm, John's brother, built an early wind tunnel to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that were used to createHumanities
Richard T. Sullivan taught English from 1936 to 1974 and published six novels, dozens of short stories, and other works. He was known as a regional writer and a Catholic spokesperson. Frank O'Malley was an English professor during the 1930s–1960s. Influenced by philosophers Jacques Maritain, John U. Nef, and others, O'Malley developed a concept of Christian philosophy that was a fundamental element in his thought. Through his course "Modern Catholic Writers", O'Malley introduced generations of undergraduates to Gabriel Marcel, Graham Greene, Evelyn Waugh, Sigrid Undset, Paul Claudel, and Gerard Manley Hopkins. In 1939, Waldemar Gurian founded ''The Review of Politics'', modeled after German Catholic journals. It quickly emerged as part of an international Catholic intellectual revival, offering an alternative vision to positivist philosophy. For 44 years, the ''Review'' was edited by Gurian, M. A. Fitzsimons, Matthew Fitzsimons, Frederick Crosson, and Thomas Stritch. Intellectual leaders included Gurian, Maritain, O'Malley, Leo Richard Ward, F. A. Hermens, and John U. Nef. It became a major forum for political ideas and modern political concerns, especially from a Catholic and scholastic tradition. Kenneth M. Sayre, Kenneth Sayre has explored the history of the Philosophy department. He stresses the abandonment of officialCurrent research
As of 2019, research continued in many fields. President Jenkins described his hope that Notre Dame would become "one of the pre-eminent research institutions in the world" in his inaugural address. The university has many multi-disciplinary research institutes, including the Medieval Institute, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace and conflict studies, Peace Studies, and the Center for Social Concerns. Recent research includes work on family conflict and child development, genome project, genome mapping, the increasing Balance of trade, trade deficit of the United States with China, studies in fluid mechanics, computational science and engineering, supramolecular chemistry, and marketing trends on the Internet. , the university was home to the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index, which ranks countries annually based on how vulnerable they are to climate change and how prepared they are to adapt. In the fiscal 2019, the university received the all-time high research funding of $180.6 million, an increase of $100 million from 2009 and a 27 percent increase from the previous year, with top funded and cutting-edge projects including vector-borne diseases, urbanism, environmental design, cancer, psychology, economics, philosophy of religion, particle physics, nanotechnology, and hypersonics. Notre Dame has a strong background in the humanities, with 65 National Endowment for the Humanities fellowships, more than any other university. Focus areas include anti-poverty economic strategy, the premier Medieval Institute, Latino studies, sacred music, Italian studies, Catholic studies, psychology, aging and stress, social good, and theology. In the sciences, research focuses and specialized centers include the Harper Cancer Research Institute, the Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, the Center for Nano Science and Technology, the Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, the Eck Institute for Global Health, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center, Topology and Quantum Field Theory, the Nuclear Physics Research Group, and the Environmental Change Initiative.European émigrés
The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced many Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; President John O'Hara brought many of them to Notre Dame. Anton-Hermann Chroust, in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian, a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent, came from Germany. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward, but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education, and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Meštrović, a renowned sculptor, brought Croat culture to campus. Yves Simon (philosopher), Yves Simon brought the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy to the university in the 1940s; his teacher, Jacques Maritain, was a frequent visitor to campus. The exiles developed a distinctive emphasis on the evils of totalitarianism. For example, the political science courses of Gerhart Niemeyer discussed communist ideology and were accessible to his students. He came to the university in 1955 and was a frequent contributor to the ''National Review'' and other conservative magazines. In 1960 Hesburgh, at the urging of Niemeyer and political science department head, Stanley Parry, invited Eric Voegelin (1901–1985), who had escaped Nazi-occupied Austria, to guest lecture at Notre Dame, which he did until his retirement in 1968.Student life
As of Fall 2020, the Notre Dame student body consisted of 12,681 students, with 8,731 undergraduate education, undergraduates and 3,950 Graduate school, graduate and professional (Law, M.Div., Business, MEd) students. An estimated 21–24 percent of students are children of alumnus, alumni, and the student body represents all 50 states and 88 countries. Thirty-seven percent of students come from the Midwestern United States, and 40 percent of students are U.S. students of color, eight percent are international citizens.Residence halls
The residence halls, or dorms, are the focus of student social and intramural life. Each hall is led by a rector, a full-time, live-in professional who serves as leader, chief administrator, community builder and university resource to the residents, and is a priest, religious sister or brother, or a layperson trained in ministry and/or education. Rectors direct the hall community, foster bonding, and often coordinate with professors, academic advisors, and counselors to watch over students and assist them with their personal development. Rectors select, hire, train, and supervise hall staff: resident assistants (required to be seniors) and assistant rectors (graduate students). Many residence halls also have a priest or faculty members in residence as faculty fellows, who provide an additional academic and intellectual experience to residential hall life. Every hall has its own chapel, dedicated to the hall's patron saint, and liturgical schedule with masses celebrated multiple times a week during the academic year, in the tradition of individual chapels at English Colleges within universities in the United Kingdom, university colleges. Fraternities and sororities are not allowed on campus, as they are described as in opposition to the university's educational and residential mission. The residential halls provide the social and communal aspect of fraternities, but in line with the university's policy of inclusion and zero tolerance of hazing, and according to former director of admissions, Dan Saracino, without "any of the disadvantages [of the Greek system] – rush, the cliques, deciding on whether you're good enough to join them, monthly 'dues' and a much lower diversity of people living together". Over four-fifths of students live in the same residence hall for three consecutive years and about one-third of students live in the same residence hall for all four years . A new policy was put into effect beginning in 2018, which required undergraduates to live on-campus for three years. In spring 2019, the university also announced a policy that prohibited students living off campus from participating in dorm activities, such as intramural sports and dorm dances. Most intramural (interhall) sports are based on residence hall teams, where the university offers the only non-military academy program of full-contact intramural American football. At the end of the interhall football season, the championship game is played inStudent clubs
There are over 400 active student clubs at the University of Notre Dame, with the financial oversight of each club delegated by the student-run Notre Dame Club Coordination Council, Club Coordination Council. The university subsidizes clubs, providing almost 15 percent of clubs' collective projected expenditures of $2.2 million during the 2018–2019 academic year. There are a variety of student clubs on campus, including nine for students from different states, about three dozen clubs that represent different nationalities and origins, and clubs dedicated to Catholic theology, diverse faith practices, social service, political advocacy and awareness, competitive athletics, professional development and networking, performing arts, academic debate, foreign affairs, fraternal brotherhood, women's empowerment, and many other interests. The university hosts their annual Student Activities Fair early in the fall semester for all students interested in joining clubs or other student organizations.Student union
The Notre Dame Club Coordination Council (or simply the Club Coordination Council (CCC)) is the branch of the Student Union of the university responsible for communicating issues facing undergraduate club issues, providing funding for undergraduate clubs, serving as the representative body of undergraduate student clubs, and working with student clubs to ensure that clubs can coordinate their programming of activities. The CCC oversees around 400 student clubs, each of which serves a unique purpose. The approval of the council, along with that of the Notre Dame Student Activities Office, is a requirement for official recognition of student clubs.Student events
Website BestColleges.com ranks the university'sReligious life
While having a religious affiliation is not a criterion for admission, over 93 percent of students identify as Christian, with over 80 percent of those being Catholic. There are 57 chapels on campus, including one in every residence hall. Collectively, Mass (liturgy), Catholic Mass is celebrated over 100 times per week on campus, and a large campus ministry program provides for the faith needs of the community. There is also an active council of the Knights of Columbus on campus, which is the oldest and largest college council of the international Catholic men's organization. Non-Catholic religious organizations on campus include the Baptist Student Union, Baptist Collegiate Ministry (BCM), Jewish Club of Notre Dame, the Muslim Student Association, the Orthodox Christian Fellowship, the Chi Alpha Christian Fellowship, and many more. The university is the major seat of the Congregation of Holy Cross (albeit not its official headquarters, which are in Rome). Its main seminary, Moreau Seminary, is on the campus across St. Joseph Lake from the Main Building. Old College, the oldest building on campus near the shore of St. Mary's Lake, houses undergraduate seminarians. Retired priests and brothers reside in Fatima House (a former retreat center), Holy Cross House, and Columba Hall near the Grotto.Student-run media
Notre Dame students run nine media outlets: three newspapers, a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. The ''Scholastic (Notre Dame publication), Scholastic'' magazine, begun as a one-page journal in 1876, is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, ''The Juggler'', is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The ''Dome'' yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with ''The Observer (Notre Dame), The Observer'' published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike ''Scholastic'' and ''The Dome'', ''The Observer'' is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the university. In 2003, when other students believed that the paper had a liberal bias, they started The Irish Rover (newspaper), ''The'' ''Irish Rover'', a print and digital newspaper published twice per month that features regular columns from alumni and faculty and coverage of campus matters. As of 2005, ''The Observer'' and the ''Irish Rover'' were distributed to all students. In Spring 2008, ''Beyond Politics'', an undergraduate journal for political science research, made its debut. The television station NDtv grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and the larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM;it now airs independently and is streamed on the Internet.Athletics
Notre Dame's sports teams are known as the Fighting Irish. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (NCAA), Division I, primarily competing in theFootball
The Notre Dame football team's history began when the Michigan Wolverines football, Michigan team brought the game to Notre Dame in 1887 and played against a group of students. Since then, 13 Fighting Irish teams have won consensus College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS, national championships (although the university only claims 11), along with another nine teams being named national champions by at least one source. The program has the most members in theFootball game-day traditions
During home games, activities occur all over campus and dorms decorate their halls with a traditional item (e.g., Zahm Hall (University of Notre Dame), Zahm Hall's two-story banner). Traditional activities begin at midnight with the Drummers' Circle, involving the Band of the Fighting Irish's drumline beginning the other festivities that will continue the rest of the game day Saturday. Later that day, the trumpet section will play the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater under the dome. The entire band will play a concert at the steps of Bond Hall, then march into the stadium, leading fans and students alike across campus to the game.Men's basketball
As of the 2020–2021 season, the men's basketball team has over 1,910 wins and appeared in 36 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship, NCAA tournamentsp.73 Former player Austin Carr holds the record for most points scored in a single game of the tournament with 61. Although the team has never won the NCAA Tournament, they were named by the Helms Athletic Foundation as national champions twice. The team has orchestrated a number of Upset (competition), upsets of top-ranked teams, the most notable of which was ending UCLA Bruins men's basketball, UCLA's record 88-game winning streak in 1974. Notre Dame has beaten an additional eight number-one teams, and those nine wins rank second, to UCLA's 10, all-time in wins against the top team. The team plays in the newly renovated Purcell Pavilion (within the Joyce Center, Edmund P. Joyce Center), which reopened for the 2009–2010 season. The team is coached by Mike Brey, who, as of the 2020–21 season, his 22nd at Notre Dame, has achieved a 449–248 record. In 2009, Notre Dame was invited to the NIT, where they reached the semi-finals. The 2010–11 team concluded its regular season ranked number seven in the country, with a record of 25–5, Brey's fifth straight 20-win season, and a second-place finish in the Big East. During the 2014–15 season, the team went 32–6 and won the ACC tournament, later advancing to the Elite 8, where they lost on a missed final shot against then-undefeated Kentucky. Led by NBA draft picks Jerian Grant and Pat Connaughton, the Fighting Irish beat the eventual national champion Duke Blue Devils twice during the season. The 32 wins were the most by the Fighting Irish team since 1908–09.Other sports
Notre Dame has won an additional 14 national championships in sports other than football. Three teams have won multiple national championships; the fencing team leads with 10, followed by the men's tennis and women's soccer teams each with two. The men's cross country running, cross country, and golf teams have won one and Notre Dame women's basketball has won two. In the first 10 years that Notre Dame competed in the Big East Conference its teams won a total of 64 championships. , the women's swimming and diving team holds the Big East record for consecutive conference championships in any sport with 14 straight conference titles (1997–2010).Band and "Victory March"
The Band of the Fighting Irish was formed in 1846 and is the oldest university band in continuous existence. The marching band plays at home games for most sports. It regularly plays the school's fight song, the Notre Dame "Victory March", identified as the most played and most famous fight song by Northern Illinois University, Northern Illinois professor William Studwell. According to ''College Fight Songs: An Annotated Anthology'' published in 1998, the "Victory March" is the greatest fight song. It was honored by the National Music Council as a "Landmark of American Music" during the United States Bicentennial. The song is featured in the movies ''Knute Rockne, All American,'' ''Airplane!, and'' ''Rudy (film), Rudy''. Two brothers wrote the "Victory March". Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics. The lyrics were revised in the 1920s; it first appeared under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame in 1928. The chorus is:Cheer, cheer for old Notre Dame,
Wake up the echoes cheering her name,
Send a volley cheer on high,
Shake down the thunder from the sky.
What though the odds be great or small
Old Notre Dame will win over all,
While her loyal sons are marching
Onward to victory.
Alumni
The school has over 130,000 alumni and 275 alumni clubs around the world. Many give the university yearly monetary support. Notre Dame is ranked among schools with the highest alumni donation rates. A school-record of 53.2 percent of alumni donating was set in 2006. Many buildings, including residence halls, on campus are named for major donors. Classroom buildings, and the performing arts center are also named for donors. Alumni working in politics include Governor (United States), state governors, members of the United States Congress, and former United States Secretary of State, United States secretary of state Condoleezza Rice. Notable alumni from the College of Science are Eric F. Wieschaus, winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in medicine, and Philip Majerus, discoverer of the cardioprotective effects of aspirin. Many university officials are alumni, including the current president, John Jenkins. Alumni in media include talk show hosts Regis Philbin and Phil Donahue, and television and radio personalities such as Mike Golic and Hannah Storm. A number of sports alumni have continued their careers in professional sports, such as Joe Theismann, Joe Montana, Tim Brown (American football), Tim Brown, Ross Browner, Rocket Ismail, Ruth Riley, Jeff Samardzija, Jerome Bettis, Justin Tuck, Craig Counsell, Skylar Diggins-Smith, Brett Lebda, Olympic fencing gold medalist Mariel Zagunis and bronze medalist Nick Itkin, professional boxer Mike Lee (boxer), Mike Lee, former football coaches such as Charlie Weis, Frank Leahy andPopular culture
The University of Notre Dame is the setting of several works of fiction, as well as the alma mater of some fictional characters. In mid-20th century America it became "perhaps the most popular symbol of Catholicism", as noted by ''The Routledge Companion to Religion and Popular Culture'':Film
*''Knute Rockne, All American'' is a 1940 biographical film which tells the story of Knute Rockne, Notre Dame football coach. *The "Win one for the Gipper" speech was parodied in the 1980 movie ''Airplane!'' when, with the Victory March rising to a crescendo in the background, Dr. Rumak, played by Leslie Nielsen, urged reluctant pilot Ted Striker, played by Robert Hays, to "win just one for the Zipper", Striker's war buddy, George Zipp. The Victory March also plays during the film's credits. *Rudy (film), ''Rudy'' is a 1993 account of the life of Rudy Ruettiger, Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.Television
*President Josiah Bartlet from the show ''The West Wing'' is a Notre Dame graduate, and the First Lady Abigail Bartlet attended Saint Mary's College. Danny Concannon, a member of the White House press corps, is also a graduate of Notre Dame. Actor Martin Sheen specifically asked that his character be a Notre Dame alumnus, due to the Catholicism shared by both the actor and the character.Other media
*The song This Too Shall Pass (OK Go song), This Too Shall Pass by OK Go and its video were created in collaboration with the Band of the Fighting Irish, Notre Dame Marching Band and the video shot on the university campus.See also
*Notre Dame Shakespeare Festival, held on campus every summerNotes
References
Further reading
*Burns, Robert E. ''Being Catholic, Being American: The Notre Dame Story, 1934–1952, Vol. 2.'' (2000). 632ppExternal links
*