North Adelaide is a predominantly residential
precinct and suburb of the
City of Adelaide
The City of Adelaide, also known as the Corporation of the City of Adelaide and Adelaide City Council is a local government area in the metropolitan area of greater Adelaide, South Australia and is legally defined as the capital city of South ...
in
South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories ...
, situated north of the
River Torrens
The River Torrens , (Karrawirra Parri / Karrawirraparri) is the most significant river of the Adelaide Plains. It was one of the main reasons for the siting of the city of Adelaide, capital of South Australia. It flows from its source in the ...
and within the
Adelaide Park Lands
The Adelaide Park Lands are the figure-eight of land spanning both banks of the River Torrens between Hackney and Thebarton and separating the City of Adelaide area (which includes both Adelaide city centre and North Adelaide) from the surro ...
.
History
Surveyor-General
Colonel William Light
William Light (27 April 1786 – 6 October 1839), also known as Colonel Light, was a British- Malayan naval and army officer. He was the first Surveyor-General of the new British Province of South Australia, known for choosing the site o ...
of the colony of
South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories ...
completed the survey for the capital city of
Adelaide
Adelaide ( ) is the capital city of South Australia, the state's largest city and the fifth-most populous city in Australia. "Adelaide" may refer to either Greater Adelaide (including the Adelaide Hills) or the Adelaide city centre. The dem ...
by 10 March 1837. The survey included , including north of the
River Torrens
The River Torrens , (Karrawirra Parri / Karrawirraparri) is the most significant river of the Adelaide Plains. It was one of the main reasons for the siting of the city of Adelaide, capital of South Australia. It flows from its source in the ...
. This surveyed land north of the river became North Adelaide.
![North Terrace(GN05612)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/North_Terrace%28GN05612%29.jpg)
North Adelaide was the birthplace of
William Lawrence Bragg
Sir William Lawrence Bragg, (31 March 1890 – 1 July 1971) was an Australian-born British physicist and X-ray crystallographer, discoverer (1912) of Bragg's law of X-ray diffraction, which is basic for the determination of crystal structu ...
, co-recipient of the
Nobel Prize for Physics
)
, image = Nobel Prize.png
, alt = A golden medallion with an embossed image of a bearded man facing left in profile. To the left of the man is the text "ALFR•" then "NOBEL", and on the right, the text (smaller) "NAT•" then " ...
in 1915.
It contains many
heritage-listed
This list is of heritage registers, inventories of cultural properties, natural and man-made, tangible and intangible, movable and immovable, that are deemed to be of sufficient heritage value to be separately identified and recorded. In many ...
buildings, including the
North Adelaide Post Office
North Adelaide Post Office is a heritage-listed post office at 166 Tynte Street, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. It was added to the Australian Commonwealth Heritage List on 8 November 2011.
History
The North Adelaide Post Offic ...
.
Design
![Streetmap of Adelaide and North Adelaide](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Streetmap_of_Adelaide_and_North_Adelaide.png)
North Adelaide consists of three grids of varying dimension to suit the geography. North Adelaide is surrounded by
park
A park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set aside for human enjoyment and recreation or for the protection of wildlife or natural habitats. Urban parks are urban green space, green spaces set aside for recreation inside t ...
lands, with public gardens between the grids. The North Adelaide park lands (the
Adelaide Park Lands
The Adelaide Park Lands are the figure-eight of land spanning both banks of the River Torrens between Hackney and Thebarton and separating the City of Adelaide area (which includes both Adelaide city centre and North Adelaide) from the surro ...
north of the
River Torrens
The River Torrens , (Karrawirra Parri / Karrawirraparri) is the most significant river of the Adelaide Plains. It was one of the main reasons for the siting of the city of Adelaide, capital of South Australia. It flows from its source in the ...
) contain gardens, many sports fields (including the
Adelaide Oval
Adelaide Oval is a sports ground in Adelaide, South Australia, located in the parklands between the city centre and North Adelaide. The venue is predominantly used for cricket and Australian rules football, but has also played host to rugby ...
),
a golf course, horse agistment paddocks and some areas sympathetic with the native environment.
The northernmost (and largest) grid has
Wellington Square Wellington Square may refer to:
* A neighbourhood in Burlington, Ontario, Canada
* Wellington Square, Chelsea, a garden square in Chelsea, London
* A square in Hastings, on the south coast of England
* A square in Kolkata, India, renamed Subodh ...
at its centre, and O'Connell Street (named after
Daniel O'Connell
Daniel O'Connell (I) ( ga, Dónall Ó Conaill; 6 August 1775 – 15 May 1847), hailed in his time as The Liberator, was the acknowledged political leader of Ireland's Roman Catholic majority in the first half of the 19th century. His mobilizat ...
) as its main commercial street. O'Connell Street is the continuation of King William Road, and links the main street of Adelaide City with
Main North Road
Main North Road is the major north-south arterial route through the suburbs north of the Adelaide City Centre in the city of Adelaide, South Australia. It continues north through the settled areas of South Australia and is a total of long, fro ...
. A
tram
A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in North America) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or networks operated as public transport are ...
used to run up O'Connell Street and Melbourne street; the government is investigating extending the Glenelg tram along King William Road to terminate at Brougham Place. O'Connell Street has many cafes, restaurants, burger bars, shops and six pubs.
Lincoln College (University of Adelaide)
Lincoln College is a Uniting Church in Australia residential college affiliated with the University of Adelaide. It was established by the Methodist Church of Australasia in 1952 and is named after Lincoln College, Oxford at which John Wesley ...
and
Aquinas College (a residential college run by the
Marists
The Society of Mary ( la, Societas Mariae) abbreviated SM, commonly known as the Marist Fathers, is a men's Roman Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right. It was founded by Jean-Claude Colin and a group of seminarians in ...
for the
Archdiocese of Adelaide, for students at any Adelaide university), are also situated in this grid. Tynte Street is another commercial street in the largest grid running between Wellington Square and the east parklands. It contains the North Adelaide Primary School, a public library, a civic hall, a post office and a pub. Also on Tynte Street are the studios of Adelaide's
NWS-9
NWS is an Australian television station based in Adelaide, Australia. It is owned-and-operated by the Nine Network. The station callsign, ''NWS'', is an initialism of The NeWs South Australia.
History
Origins
NWS-9 was the first television ...
, the local
Nine Network
The Nine Network (stylised 9Network, commonly known as Channel Nine or simply Nine) is an Australian commercial free-to-air television network. It is owned by parent company Nine Entertainment and is one of five main free-to-air television netw ...
affiliate.
The southernmost (and smallest) grid is bordered by
Brougham Place
Brougham Place is a street lined with large mansions set in landscaped grounds in the Adelaide suburb of North Adelaide, South Australia. It surrounds Brougham Gardens, ( Park 29 of the Adelaide Park Lands), that joins the three grids that ...
to the north,
Pennington Road to the south,
Sir Edwin Smith Avenue to the east and
Palmer Place with adjoining
Palmer Gardens/Pangki Pangki to the west (these two named after
Lt Col George Palmer (1799-1883), a
South Australian Colonisation Commission
British colonisation of South Australia describes the planning and establishment of the colony of South Australia by the British government, covering the period from 1829, when the idea was raised by the then-imprisoned Edward Gibbon Wakefield ...
er). This area contains the
Women's and Children's Hospital, the
Memorial Hospital,
St Peter's Cathedral,
St. Mark's College, the Cathedral hotel (popular with cricket fans due its proximity to the Adelaide Oval), and the Queen's Head hotel (the oldest Adelaide pub, renovated in 2003).
The remaining (western) grid is termed Lower North Adelaide. It is nearest the Torrens floodplain. It contains
Brougham Place Uniting Church
Brougham Place Uniting Church is a church on Brougham Place, North Adelaide, South Australia. It was formerly the North Adelaide Congregational Church.
Edmund Wright is attributed as the architect of the church and the foundation stone was lai ...
,
St. Ann's College, and four pubs. Melbourne Street, with cafes, restaurants, galleries, shops and two pubs, is its commercial street.
Leisure
![Corner Wine Shop in North Adelaide](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Corner_Wine_Shop_in_North_Adelaide.jpg)
Dining and pubs
O'Connell Street and Melbourne Street are known for their many restaurants.
Many of the North Adelaide pubs and hotels are
heritage-listed
This list is of heritage registers, inventories of cultural properties, natural and man-made, tangible and intangible, movable and immovable, that are deemed to be of sufficient heritage value to be separately identified and recorded. In many ...
. there are 11 pubs operational in the suburb: five in (most on O'Connell Street):
*in upper North Adelaide: the Caledonian, Royal Oak, Oxford, and Archer hotels (on O'Connell); and the Wellington on Wellington Square
*in lower North Adelaide: the Old Lion, the Kentish Arms, Lord Melbourne, and The British
*In the cathedral grid: Queen's Head Hotel and the Cathedral Hotel
Piccadilly Cinema
![Piccadilly Cinema, North Adelaide B-10498](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Piccadilly_Cinema%2C_North_Adelaide_B-10498.jpg)
The Piccadilly, also known as
Piccadilly Cinema(s), and formerly Piccadilly Theatre and The Forum, is a
cinema
Cinema may refer to:
Film
* Cinematography, the art of motion-picture photography
* Film or movie, a series of still images that create the illusion of a moving image
** Film industry, the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking
...
located on the corner of O'Connell Street and Childers Street.
It was built for
D. Clifford Theatres Ltd. as the Piccadilly Theatre in 1940, in
art deco
Art Deco, short for the French ''Arts Décoratifs'', and sometimes just called Deco, is a style of visual arts, architecture, and product design, that first appeared in France in the 1910s (just before World War I), and flourished in the Unite ...
/
moderne style. It is heritage-listed on both the
South Australian Heritage Register
The South Australian Heritage Register, also known as the SA Heritage Register, is a statutory register of historic places in South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. ...
and the
Register of the National Estate
The Register of the National Estate was a heritage register that listed natural and cultural heritage places in Australia that was closed in 2007. Phasing out began in 2003, when the Australian National Heritage List and the Commonwealth Heritag ...
.
Dan Clifford chose the name due to his association with the town of
Piccadilly
Piccadilly () is a road in the City of Westminster, London, to the south of Mayfair, between Hyde Park Corner in the west and Piccadilly Circus in the east. It is part of the A4 road that connects central London to Hammersmith, Earl's Court, ...
in the
Adelaide Hills as well as the famous
Piccadilly Circus in London.
After Clifford's death in 1942, his theatres were bought by
Greater Union
Greater Union Organisation Pty Ltd, trading as Event Cinemas, Greater Union, GU Film House, Moonlight Cinema and Birch Carroll & Coyle (BCC Cinemas), is the largest movie exhibitor in Australia and New Zealand, with over 140 cinema complexes cu ...
in 1947, who renamed the Piccadilly as The Forum. In 1983
Wallis Cinemas
Wallis Cinemas, formerly Wallis Theatres, is a family-owned South Australian company that operates cinema complexes, cinemas and drive-in theatres in greater Adelaide and regional South Australia.
Wallis Theatres works in conjunction with Big S ...
bought the building in order to save it from being demolished, and reverted to its former name. During the 1990s Wallis converted the old
picture palace
A movie palace (or picture palace in the United Kingdom) is any of the large, elaborately decorated movie theaters built between the 1910s and the 1940s. The late 1920s saw the peak of the movie palace, with hundreds opening every year between 19 ...
into a
multiplex
Multiplex may refer to:
* Multiplex (automobile), a former American car make
* Multiplex (comics), a DC comic book supervillain
* Multiplex (company), a global contracting and development company
* Multiplex (assay), a biological assay which measu ...
with three screens.
After an 18-month closure to allow for a major renovation costing , the cinema is set to reopen on 15 December 2022. Apart from the interior refit of the theatres, installation of a
lift
Lift or LIFT may refer to:
Physical devices
* Elevator, or lift, a device used for raising and lowering people or goods
** Paternoster lift, a type of lift using a continuous chain of cars which do not stop
** Patient lift, or Hoyer lift, mobil ...
and other features, a new licensed food and drinks lounge space have replaced the shopfronts O'Connell Street, where the original
candy bar
A candy bar is a type of candy that is in the shape of a bar. The most common type of candy bar is the chocolate bar, including both bars made of solid chocolate and combination candy bars, which are candy bars that combine chocolate with othe ...
was situated.
Education
The North Adelaide Primary School on Tynte Street was established in 1877 and is one of the oldest schools in South Australia. At 2007 its enrolment from reception to year seven was 250. The school's motto recorded on its World War One honour board is
Esse quam videri
''Esse quam videri'' is a Latin language, Latin phrase meaning "To be, rather than to seem." It and variants have been used as a motto by a number of different groups. The form ''Esse, non Videri'' ("to act, not to seem to be") is the Wallenber ...
, "To be, rather than to seem" and the school colours are red and blue.
Queen's College (1885–1949) on Barton Terrace was the longest lasting proprietary (i.e. privately owned and run) boys' college in Australia. Another private school of historical interest was
North Adelaide Grammar School
North Adelaide Grammar School, later Whinham College was a private school operated in North Adelaide, South Australia by John Whinham (3 August 1803 – 13 March 1886) and his family.
History
John Whinham
The founder of the school was born at S ...
(aka. Whinham College).
Many residential colleges affiliated with the
University of Adelaide
The University of Adelaide (informally Adelaide University) is a public research university located in Adelaide, South Australia. Established in 1874, it is the third-oldest university in Australia. The university's main campus is located on N ...
are in North Adelaide, including
Aquinas College,
Lincoln College,
St. Ann's College,
St. Mark's College,
Kathleen Lumley College
Kathleen Lumley College is a co-residential college located in Lower North Adelaide, South Australia, and affiliated with the University of Adelaide. It provides accommodation for postgraduate students from any of the institutions of higher lea ...
(Postgraduate) and
Australian Lutheran College
Australian Lutheran College (ALC), formerly Luther Seminary and Lutheran Teachers College, is a higher education institution serving the Lutheran Church of Australia and a registered teaching institution of University of Divinity. It is located ...
, the
Lutheran
Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched th ...
tertiary institution and
seminary
A seminary, school of theology, theological seminary, or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students (sometimes called ''seminarians'') in scripture, theology, generally to prepare them for ordination to serve as clergy, ...
.
Transport
![Adelaide Light Trail HDR (8239025608)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Adelaide_Light_Trail_HDR_%288239025608%29.jpg)
North Adelaide is well served by road, although in
peak hour
A rush hour (American English, British English) or peak hour ( Australian English) is a part of the day during which traffic congestion on roads and crowding on public transport is at its highest. Normally, this happens twice every weekday: ...
some roads, particularly O'Connell Street and Melbourne Street, are quite congested.
North Adelaide railway station is located on the
Gawler line of the
Adelaide rail network. The railway station is however on the western edge of North Adelaide with infrequent services and is little used.
There are several
Adelaide Metro
Adelaide Metro is the public transport system of Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia. It is an intermodal system offering an integrated network of bus, tram, and train service throughout the metropolitan area. The network has an ann ...
bus routes that service the area on their way through to other suburbs. Buses run along several routes:
* King William Road, O'Connell Street, Ward Street, Hill Street, Mills Terrace then a bus only link to War Memorial Drive (since 1912, former electric tram route)
* King William Road, O'Connell Street, Ward Street, Jeffcott Street and Jeffcott Road
* King William Road, O'Connell Street and Prospect Road (since 1883, former horse tram route)
* King William Road, O'Connell Street and Main North Road (since 1883, former horse tram route)
* King William Road, Sir Edwin Smith Avenue and Melbourne Street (since at least 1912, former electric tram route)
* Frome Road and Melbourne Street
* Montefiore Road and Jeffcott Street (since October 2006)
Since 27 January 2014 a free loop bus operated jointly between the Adelaide City Council and the state government circulates through Adelaide and North Adelaide replacing a community bus operated by the Adelaide City Council.
There is provision for bicycles along LeFevre Terrace/Frome Road and Montefiore Road/Jeffcott Street/Wellington Square and many of the streets have little traffic and are bicycle friendly.
Residents
![OIC n adelaide row houses at sunset](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/OIC_n_adelaide_row_houses_at_sunset.jpg)
In the 2016 Census, there were 6,950 people in North Adelaide. North Adelaide has a much lower proportion of its population below 14 years (2.4% 0–4 years, 2.3% 5–9 years, 2.2% 10–14 years) compared to South Australia as a whole (6.3% 0–4 years, 6.4% 5–9 years, 6.0% 10–14 years). Conversely, the proportion of the population 20–29 years (14.2% 20–24 years, 10.4% 25–29 years) is much greater than South Australia as a whole (6.4% 20–24 years, 6.4% 25–29 years).
Material was copied from this source, which is available under
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
60.7% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 5.2%, China 3.3% and India 2.5%. 70.5% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin 3.9%, Italian 1.7%, Greek 1.5%.
[
The most common responses for religion were No Religion 37.1% and Catholic 16.3%.][
The median household income of $1,693 was more than the South Australian median of $1,206. The most common occupations in North Adelaide included Professionals 39.3%, Managers 15.8%, Clerical and Administrative Workers 11.8%, Community and Personal Service Workers 11.7%, and Sales Workers 8.2%.][
]
Built Form
There were 2,659 occupied private dwellings of which 43.6% were semi detached, 28.7 were flat or apartments and 26.4% were separate houses. The average household size in North Adelaide is 1.9, less than the South Australian average of 2.4.[ There are many significant heritage buildings in the area.
]
Politics
North Adelaide is part of the state electoral district of Adelaide
Adelaide is a single-member electoral district for the South Australian House of Assembly. The 22.8 km² state seat of Adelaide currently consists of the Adelaide city centre including North Adelaide and suburbs to the inner north and inne ...
, which has been held since 2022 by Labor MP Lucy Hood. In federal politics, the suburb is part of the division of Adelaide
The Division of Adelaide is an Australian electoral division in South Australia and is named for the city of Adelaide, South Australia's capital.
At the 2016 federal election, the electorate covered 76 km², is centred on the Adelaide ...
, and has been represented since 2004 by a Labor MP, since 2019 being Steve Georganas. North Adelaide has one or two polling booths for federal and state elections, North Adelaide at the North Adelaide Primary School and for most elections, Lower/East North Adelaide at St Cyprian's Anglican Church. The first preference votes by booths for recent state and federal elections are shown in tables.
In local government
Local government is a generic term for the lowest tiers of public administration within a particular sovereign state. This particular usage of the word government refers specifically to a level of administration that is both geographically-loca ...
, North Adelaide forms the North ward
Ward may refer to:
Division or unit
* Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward
* Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
within the City of Adelaide. Since 2018 the North Ward Councillors are Mary Couros and Phillip Martin. Significant local issues since 2010 have included:
* Adelaide oval precinct
* Barton Road bus link
* LeCornu development site
* Height limits on developments
* Late night closing of hotels
* Redevelopment of the Adelaide Aquatic Centre by the Adelaide Crows
References
Further reading
*
External links
*
{{Authority control
Suburbs of Adelaide