Norman Lloyd (November 8, 1909 – July 31, 1980) was an American pianist, composer, educator, author and supporter of the arts who scored works for modern dance, documentary film and classical chamber. Through his work as an educator, notably at Juilliard, he exerted a significant influence on the teaching of musical theory; and later as the author of books including the popular "Fundamentals of Sight Singing and Ear Training" (co-authored with Arnold Fish). He continued to influence and support the arts as creator of the Rockefeller Foundation's arts program and its first director. He was the son of David Lloyd, a steel mill worker and minor league baseball player, and grandson of William Lloyd, a coal miner who immigrated to the United States from Wales in 1845.

Career

His professional career began as an 11-year-old piano accompanist for silent films in the early 1920s. He received both his bachelor's and master's degrees from NYU, where he studied musical composition under

Aaron Copland Aaron Copland (, ; November 14, 1900December 2, 1990) was an American composer, composition teacher, writer, and later a conductor of his own and other American music. Copland was referred to by his peers and critics as "the Dean of American Com ...

. It was also at NYU that Lloyd met fellow piano accompanist Ruth Dorothy Rohrbacher, whom he married in 1933 and with whom he collaborated on books and musical projects throughout his life. They had two sons, David and Alex. In the mid-1930s, Lloyd was hired to work as a pianist and composer in the newly created summer dance program at Bennington College, alongside choreographers Martha Graham,

José Limón José Arcadio Limón (January 12, 1908 – December 2, 1972) was a dancer and choreographer from Mexico and who developed what is now known as 'Limón technique'. In the 1940s, he founded the José Limón Dance Company (now the Limón Dan ...

Doris Humphrey Doris Batcheller Humphrey (October 17, 1895 – December 29, 1958) was an American dancer and choreographer of the early twentieth century. Along with her contemporaries Martha Graham and Katherine Dunham, Humphrey was one of the second gen ...

and others. During the summers at Bennington, he scored many works for dance, including "Panorama" for Graham and "Lament for Ignacio Sanchez Mejias" with Humphrey choreographing for Limón. The Bennington collaboration of artists during those years is considered by many to be the foundation of modern dance as an American art form. Lloyd went on to serve as Director of Education at the Juilliard School of Music in New York City from 1946 to 1949, where he established a new dance division with Martha Hill as director, and invited Graham, Limón and other Bennington choreographers to join the faculty. During this period, he and Juilliard president

William Schuman William Howard Schuman (August 4, 1910February 15, 1992) was an American composer and arts administrator. Life Schuman was born into a Jewish family in Manhattan, New York City, son of Samuel and Rachel Schuman. He was named after the 27th U.S. ...

designed a new and innovative approach to the study of musical theory entitled, "The Literature and Materials of Music," which shifted the emphasis away from textbooks and rigorous ear training to discussion and direct pedagogy by composers in the classroom. He and Schuman were committed to teaching music from a more holistic approach that would "make responsible adults of musicians." The new curriculum was intended to disrupt what the two men considered to be an overly insular culture and rigidly formal training regimen at Juilliard, and effectively altered the course of American musical education towards the more comprehensive and progressive path on which it remains today. Lloyd also continued to compose works for leading choreographers, including José Limón's 1947 work, "La Malinche," as well as chamber works for the piano and violin. He worked tirelessly as a teacher and educator and his influence can be felt in the works of the many students who passed through Juilliard during his tenure. He eventually left Juilliard in 1963 to serve as Dean of the Oberlin College Conservatory of Music; he received a Doctorate of Music from the Philadelphia Conservatory of Music the same year. In 1965, he left Oberlin to create the Rockefeller Foundation's arts program, serving there as Director of Arts Programming until 1972. He published a number of books during his career, including the "Golden Encyclopedia of Music," "Fireside Book of Favorite American Songs" and "Fireside Book of Folk Songs." He played a pivotal role in the re-emergence and popularity of Scott Joplin's ragtime tunes some 30 years after the Depression when he persuaded Vera Brodsky Lawrence to edit, "The Complete Works of Scott Joplin." Lloyd died of leukemia at his home in

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on July 31, 1980, at the age of 70.

References

* Smolowe, Jill. New York Times, August 1, 1980 * Books by Norman Lloyd, Goodreads. * Taubman, Howard. New York Times, February 21, 1956 * Martin, John. New York Times April 15, 1961 * Clark, George. The Morning Record May 7, 1965 * Sherman, Robert. New York Times February 2, 1981 * Calta, Louis. New York Times, November 6, 1971 * Schonberg, Harold. New York Times April 25, 1958 * Barnes, Clive. New York Times March 30, 1968 * Kisselgoff, Anna. New York Times February 17, 1995 * Naxos, Classical Music Archives - Norman Lloyd, Artist Profile. * Bova, Elyse. Martha Graham: A Brief History * Olmstead, Andrea. Juilliard: A History * 100 Years: The Rockefeller Foundation. * Teck, Katherine. Making Music For Modern Dance. * Swayne, Steve. Orpheus in Manhattan: William Schuman and the Shaping of America's Musical Life. * Anna North on Alex North. * Yonkers Herald

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lloyd, Norman 1909 births 1980 deaths American classical pianists Male classical pianists American male pianists American male classical composers American classical composers 20th-century classical composers Ballet composers New York University alumni Bennington College faculty Juilliard School faculty Pupils of Aaron Copland American people of Welsh descent Deaths from leukemia Deaths from cancer in Connecticut 20th-century classical pianists 20th-century American pianists 20th-century American composers 20th-century American male musicians