Nord-Est (
French) or Nodès (
Haitian Creole; both meaning "North-East") is one of the ten
departments of Haiti
In the administrative divisions of Haiti, the department (french: département d'Haïti, ; ht, depatman Ayiti) is the first of four levels of government. Haiti is divided administratively into ten departments, which are further subdivided into 4 ...
, located in northern Haiti. It has an area of , making it the smallest of all the departments. It had an estimated population of 393,967 as of 2015.
[http://www.geohive.com/cntry/haiti.aspx ] Its capital is
Fort-Liberté
Fort-Liberté ( ht, Fòlibète) is a commune and administrative capital of the Nord-Est department of Haiti. It is close to the border of the Dominican Republic and is one of the oldest cities in the country. Haiti's independence was proclaimed ...
. It was a part of the
Nord department.
History
Taino Period
The department was part of the Taino kasika of Marien on the border with the Magua. The Taino settlement of Bayaha around the Fort-Liberté area.
Spanish Period
The city of Fort-Liberté is one of the earliest European settlements in the Caribbean with the creation of Puerto-Real ''(Port-Royal)'' in 1503.
French Period
After the Treaty of Ryswick, the town fell into the hands of the French and they establish the town of Fort-Dauphin the actual
Fort-Liberty. Many times the Spanish of
Montechristi attacks the French resulting in a massacre at the Massacre River. This was a precedent of the
Trujillo induce,
Haitian Massacre in Dajabòn in 1937, called the Parsley-Perejil Massacre.
The Nord-Est forms part of the northern plains, a historic site of colonial plantations and a key area for the cultivation of
chestnut
Haitian Period
Haitian Revolution
Toussaint Brave freed the city of Fort Liberté on September 9th, 1803.
After the Battle of Vertières, on November 29, in the town of Fort-Liberté, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Henry Christophe, and Auguste Clerveaux declare
St-Domingue freeand declared:
''...in the name of the black people, and men of color of St. Domingo...Restored to our primitive dignity, we have asserted our rights; we swear never to yield them to any power on earth...''
Independance
Toussaint Brave and Clearveaux of the
Armée Indigène
The Indigenous Army (french: link=no, Armée Indigène), also known as the Army of Saint-Domingue (french: link=no, Armée de Saint-Domingue) or Lame Endijèn in Haitian Creole, was the name bestowed to the coalition of anti-slavery rebels w ...
and followers of
Toussaint Louverture
François-Dominique Toussaint Louverture (; also known as Toussaint L'Ouverture or Toussaint Bréda; 20 May 1743 – 7 April 1803) was a Haitian general and the most prominent leader of the Haitian Revolution. During his life, Louverture ...
, commander of the first division of the North signatories of the
Haitian Declaration of Independence.
Clearveaux died suspectly just before Dessalines assassination.
King Henry was crowned in Fort-Liberté and changed the name to Fort-Royal.
The town played a big role in the fight against
the occupation of the 1930s by the United States.
Geography
It is bordered to the north by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by the
Centre
Center or centre may refer to:
Mathematics
* Center (geometry), the middle of an object
* Center (algebra), used in various contexts
** Center (group theory)
** Center (ring theory)
* Graph center, the set of all vertices of minimum eccentri ...
department, to the east by the Dominican Republic through the province of
Dajabon, and to the west by
Nord Department.
Most of the department is part of the Plaine-du-Nord-
Cibao-Valley with the southern part being the
Massif-du-Nord. The coastal plain has the Bay of
Caracol
Caracol is a large ancient Maya archaeological site, located in what is now the Cayo District, of Belize. It is situated approximately south of Xunantunich, and the town of San Ignacio, and from the Macal River. It rests on the Vaca Plateau ...
, the biggest mangrove forest in Haiti and the Bay of Fort-Liberty, the island's only bilobal pouched-shape bay of the island is 5 times the size of the
Bay of Havana.
Tee bay harbors many islands, cays, and reefs. The biggest island in the Bay is Bayo Island.
The most important rivers are the Manon River and
Massacre River.
Three Bays Protected Area is the most important park in the department.
Economy
The economy of the department depends notably on commerce with
Ounaminthes-
Dajabon.
Tourism
The city of Fort-Liberté has known a reserge in ''touris-lokal''.
Industry
The department has two industrial parks: Caracol and SONAPI.
Transport
The RN3 connects the department to the Centre Department.
The RN6 connects the department to the North Department and the Dominican Republic.
Although the port of Fort-Liberté is not open to foreign commerce it is probably the best bay on the
island
An island (or isle) is an isolated piece of habitat that is surrounded by a dramatically different habitat, such as water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island ...
.
Administrative divisions
The Department of Nord-Est is subdivided into four
arrondissement
An arrondissement (, , ) is any of various administrative divisions of France, Belgium, Haiti, certain other Francophone countries, as well as the Netherlands.
Europe
France
The 101 French departments are divided into 342 ''arrondissements ...
s, which are further subdivided into thirteen
communes
An intentional community is a voluntary residential community which is designed to have a high degree of social cohesion and teamwork from the start. The members of an intentional community typically hold a common social, political, relig ...
.
*
Fort-Liberté Arrondissement
Fort-Liberté ( ht, Fòlibète) is an arrondissement in the Nord-Est department of Haiti. As of 2015, the population was 60,632 inhabitants. Postal codes in the Fort-Liberté Arrondissement start with the number 21.
The arondissement consists o ...
**
Fort-Liberté
Fort-Liberté ( ht, Fòlibète) is a commune and administrative capital of the Nord-Est department of Haiti. It is close to the border of the Dominican Republic and is one of the oldest cities in the country. Haiti's independence was proclaimed ...
**
Ferrier
**
Perches
*
Ouanaminthe Arrondissement
**
Ouanaminthe
**
Capotille
Capotille ( ht, Kapotiy) is a commune in the Ouanaminthe Arrondissement, in the Nord-Est department of Haiti. It has 15,086 inhabitants and is adjacent to the Dominican Republic–Haiti border.
Communal Sections
The commune consists of two c ...
**
Mont-Organisé
*
Trou-du-Nord Arrondissement
Trou-du-Nord ( ht, Twou dinò) is an arrondissement in the Nord-Est department of Haiti. As of 2015, the population was 115,000 inhabitants. Postal codes in the Trou-du-Nord Arrondissement start with the number 23.
The arrondissement consists o ...
**
Trou-du-Nord
Trou-du-Nord ( ht, Twou dinò) is a commune in the Trou-du-Nord Arrondissement, in the Nord-Est department of Haiti.
It has a population of 37,405.
Communal Sections
The commune consists of three communal section
The communal section (frenc ...
**
Caracol
Caracol is a large ancient Maya archaeological site, located in what is now the Cayo District, of Belize. It is situated approximately south of Xunantunich, and the town of San Ignacio, and from the Macal River. It rests on the Vaca Plateau ...
**
Sainte-Suzanne
**
Terrier-Rouge
*
Vallières Arrondissement
**
Vallières
**
Carice
**
Mombin-Crochu
References
Departments of Haiti
{{Haiti-geo-stub