Noordhorn (

Gronings Gronings (; gos, Grunnegs or Grönnegs), is a collective name for some Friso-Saxon dialects spoken in the province of Groningen and around the Groningen border in Drenthe and Friesland. Gronings and the strongly related varieties in East Fris ...

: ''Noordhörn'') is a village in the

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...

province of

Groningen Groningen (; gos, Grunn or ) is the capital city and main municipality of Groningen province in the Netherlands. The ''capital of the north'', Groningen is the largest place as well as the economic and cultural centre of the northern part of t ...

. It is part of the municipality of

Westerkwartier The Westerkwartier (; en, Western Quarter) is a historical region in the Dutch province of Groningen, at the border with the provinces of Drenthe and Friesland. In the past the area was part of the historical region of Frisia. The West Frisi ...

and is separated from

Zuidhorn Zuidhorn () is a town and former municipality in the northeastern Netherlands. The town largely depends on the city of Groningen. A railway line, operated by Arriva, connects the town with Leeuwarden in Friesland and Groningen. Due to a municipal ...

by the .

History

Noordhorn is located on a sandy ridge. The settlement on the north side became known as Noordhorn and the southern village Zuidhorn. It was first mentioned in 1375 as Ecberte van Northorne. The church has 13th century elements, and was founded by the

Aduard Abbey Aduard Abbey ( nl, Abdij van Aduard, ''Abdij Sint-Bernardus in Aduard'') is a former Cistercian abbey in the village of Aduard about 8 kilometres to the north-west of Groningen in the Netherlands, founded in 1192 and dissolved in 1580. History Th ...

. The village was not part of a ''

heerlijkheid A ''heerlijkheid'' (a Dutch word; pl. ''heerlijkheden''; also called ''heerschap''; Latin: ''Dominium'') was a landed estate that served as the lowest administrative and judicial unit in rural areas in the Dutch-speaking Low Countries before 1800. ...

'' or ruled by a lord. In 1498, Nittert Fox, a Saxon knight, demanded a ransom of ƒ32,000 from the

city of Groningen Groningen (; gos, Grunn or ) is the capital city and main municipality of Groningen province in the Netherlands. The ''capital of the north'', Groningen is the largest place as well as the economic and cultural centre of the northern part of t ...

. The amount was not paid, and Fox burnt the villages of Noord- and Zuidhorn which resulted in Groningen giving into the demands. During the

Dutch Revolt The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt ( nl, Nederlandse Opstand) (Historiography of the Eighty Years' War#Name and periodisation, c.1566/1568–1648) was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and t ...

, the city of Groningen sided with Spain. Most of the

Ommelanden The Ommelanden (; ) are the parts of Groningen province that surround Groningen city. Usually mentioned as synonym for the province in the expression ("city and surrounding lands"). The area was Frisian-speaking, but under the influence of th ...

(country side) and the province of

Friesland Friesland (, ; official fry, Fryslân ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia, is a province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen, northwest of Drenthe and Overijssel, north of ...

opted for the

Dutch Republic The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...

, and an army advanced on the city. On 30 September 1581, the Battle of Noordhorn was fought which was won by Spain. On 22 July 1594, after the Siege of Groningen, Groningen was forced to side with Dutch Republic. Noordhorn was traditionally considered part of Zuidhorn. In 1795, it had a population of 550 people. In 1808, during the French occupation, Noordhorn became the seat of a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

which included Zuidhorn. In 1814, it was reversed again. In 1930s, the was dug which forms a physical separation between Noord- and Zuidhorn. The main road used to pass through the village. The van Starkenborghkanaal needed to be widened to accommodate for container ships with four layers which required a new bridge over the canal. As part of the reconstruction a tunnel was built through Noordhorn. The tunnel opened in 2014. In 2018, Noordhorn became part of the municipality of

Notable people

Albert Egges van Giffen Albert Egges van Giffen (14 March 1884 – 31 May 1973) was a Dutch archaeologist. Van Giffen worked at the University of Groningen and University of Amsterdam, where he was a professor of Prehistory and Germanic archaeology. He worked most of his ...

(1884–1973), archaeologist * Johan van der Meer (1913–2011), conductor and founder of the Groningse Bachvereniging

Gallery

File:Noordhorn - Langestraat 17 - links.jpg, Langestraat 17 File:Noordhorn - hervormde kerk.jpg, Dutch Reformed Church File:Molen De Fortuin 1.jpg, Windmill ''De Fortuin'' File:Hefbrug te Zuidhorn.jpg, Vertical-lift bridge between Noordhorn (left) and Zuidhorn (right) (2018)

References

{{Authority control Populated places in Groningen (province) Westerkwartier (municipality)