''Nolanea'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of small gray to brown pink-spored
mushroom
A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans.
The standard for the name "mushroom" is t ...
s that are mostly
saprotrophic
Saprotrophic nutrition or lysotrophic nutrition is a process of chemoheterotrophic extracellular digestion involved in the processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter. It occurs in saprotrophs, and is most often associated with fungi (f ...
and grow on the ground. The cap can be conical, convex or
umbonate in shape, often with a silky top. The
gill
A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...
s have
adnexed
In mycology, a lamella, or gill, is a papery hymenophore rib under the cap of some mushroom species, most often agarics. The gills are used by the mushrooms as a means of spore dispersal, and are important for species identification. The atta ...
to
adnate
Adnate may refer to:
* Adnation, in botany, the fusion of two or more whorls of a flower
* Adnate, in mycology, a classification of lamellae (gills)
* Conjoined twins
Conjoined twins – sometimes popularly referred to as Siamese twins – are ...
attachment (they can also be a little
decurrent) and the stalk is fragile and often hollow. The spores are angular and are flesh colored to pink. ''Nolaneas'' are well known for being difficult to identify.
''Nolanea'' was introduced as a ''tribus'' in
Elias Magnus Fries
Elias Magnus Fries (15 August 1794 – 8 February 1878) was a Swedish mycologist and botanist.
Career
Fries was born at Femsjö (Hylte Municipality), Småland, the son of the pastor there. He attended school in Växjö.
He acquired ...
' 1821 work ''
Systema Mycologicum
Systema Mycologicum is a systematic classification of fungi drawn up in 1821 by the Swedish mycologist and botanist Elias Fries
Elias Magnus Fries (15 August 1794 – 8 February 1878) was a Swedish mycologist and botanist.
Career
F ...
''.
It is sometimes considered a
subgenus
In biology, a subgenus (plural: subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus.
In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between t ...
of the large genus ''
Entoloma'' rather than a genus in its own right.
[Moncalvo JM, et al. 2002. One hundred and seventeen clades of euagarics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23:357–400.]
Little is known about the
edibility of ''Nolaneas'', and some are
poisonous.
Species
,
Index Fungorum accepts 20 species of ''Nolanea'':
*''
Nolanea avellanea'' Murrill (1917)
*''
Nolanea claviformis'' Largent & Aime (2014)
*''
Nolanea earlei'' Murrill (1917)
*''
Nolanea furcata'' Largent & T.W.Henkel (2014)
*''
Nolanea gracilipes
''Nolanea'' is a genus of small gray to brown pink-spored mushrooms that are mostly saprotrophic and grow on the ground. The cap can be conical, convex or umbonate in shape, often with a silky top. The gills have adnexed to adnate attachment ...
'' Murrill (1917)
*''
Nolanea mimiae
''Nolanea'' is a genus of small gray to brown pink-spored mushrooms that are mostly saprotrophic and grow on the ground. The cap can be conical, convex or umbonate in shape, often with a silky top. The gills have adnexed to adnate attachment ...
'' Largent & Aime (2014)
*''
Nolanea multiformis
''Nolanea'' is a genus of small gray to brown pink-spored mushrooms that are mostly saprotrophic and grow on the ground. The cap can be conical, convex or umbonate in shape, often with a silky top. The gills have adnexed to adnate attachment ...
'' Peck (1913)
*''
Nolanea occidentalis
''Nolanea'' is a genus of small gray to brown pink-spored mushrooms that are mostly saprotrophic and grow on the ground. The cap can be conical, convex or umbonate in shape, often with a silky top. The gills have adnexed to adnate attachment ...
'' Murrill (1917)
*''
Nolanea odorata
''Nolanea'' is a genus of small gray to brown pink-spored mushrooms that are mostly saprotrophic and grow on the ground. The cap can be conical, convex or umbonate in shape, often with a silky top. The gills have adnexed to adnate attachment ...
'' Largent (1994)
*''
Nolanea radiata
''Nolanea'' is a genus of small gray to brown pink-spored mushrooms that are mostly saprotrophic and grow on the ground. The cap can be conical, convex or umbonate in shape, often with a silky top. The gills have adnexed to adnate attachment ...
'' (J.E.Lange) P.D.Orton (1960)
*''
Nolanea rava'' Largent & Aime (2014)
*''
Nolanea rubida'' Sacc. (1887)
*''
Nolanea scabrinella'' (Peck) Pomerl. (1980)
*''
Nolanea sinuolata'' Largent, Aime & T.W.Henkel (2014)
*''
Nolanea suaveolens'' Peck (1908)
*''
Nolanea subavellanea'' Murrill (1941)
*''
Nolanea subpicea'' Murrill (1917)
*''
Nolanea substaurospora'' Murrill (1917)
*''
Nolanea substrictia'' Largent (1994)
*''
Nolanea undulata'' Velen. (1921)
References
External links
The ''Nolanea'' Genus
{{Taxonbar, from=Q37031841
Agaricales genera
Entolomataceae