''Nolanea'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of small gray to brown pink-spored

mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is t ...

s that are mostly

saprotrophic Saprotrophic nutrition or lysotrophic nutrition is a process of chemoheterotrophic extracellular digestion involved in the processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter. It occurs in saprotrophs, and is most often associated with fungi (f ...

and grow on the ground. The cap can be conical, convex or

umbonate '' Cantharellula umbonata'' has an umbo. The cap of '' Psilocybe makarorae'' is acutely papillate.">papillate.html" ;"title="Psilocybe makarorae'' is acutely papillate">Psilocybe makarorae'' is acutely papillate. An umbo is a raised area in the ...

in shape, often with a silky top. The

gill A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...

s have

adnexed In mycology, a lamella, or gill, is a papery hymenophore rib under the cap of some mushroom species, most often agarics. The gills are used by the mushrooms as a means of spore dispersal, and are important for species identification. The atta ...

adnate Adnate may refer to: * Adnation, in botany, the fusion of two or more whorls of a flower * Adnate, in mycology, a classification of lamellae (gills) * Conjoined twins Conjoined twins – sometimes popularly referred to as Siamese twins – are ...

attachment (they can also be a little

decurrent ''Decurrent'' (sometimes decurring) is a term used in botany and mycology to describe plant or fungal parts that extend downward. In botany, the term is most often applied to leaf blades that partly wrap or have wings around the stem or petio ...

) and the stalk is fragile and often hollow. The spores are angular and are flesh colored to pink. ''Nolaneas'' are well known for being difficult to identify. ''Nolanea'' was introduced as a ''tribus'' in

Elias Magnus Fries Elias Magnus Fries (15 August 1794 – 8 February 1878) was a Swedish mycologist and botanist. Career Fries was born at Femsjö (Hylte Municipality), Småland, the son of the pastor there. He attended school in Växjö. He acquired ...

' 1821 work ''

Systema Mycologicum Systema Mycologicum is a systematic classification of fungi drawn up in 1821 by the Swedish mycologist and botanist Elias Fries Elias Magnus Fries (15 August 1794 – 8 February 1878) was a Swedish mycologist and botanist. Career F ...

''. It is sometimes considered a

subgenus In biology, a subgenus (plural: subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus. In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between t ...

of the large genus ''

Entoloma ''Entoloma'' is a large genus of terrestrial pink-gilled mushrooms, with about 1,000 species. Most have a drab appearance, pink gills which are attached to the stem, a smooth thick cap, and angular spores. Many entolomas are saprobic but some ...

'' rather than a genus in its own right.Moncalvo JM, et al. 2002. One hundred and seventeen clades of euagarics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23:357–400. Little is known about the edibility of ''Nolaneas'', and some are

poisonous Poison is a chemical substance that has a detrimental effect to life. The term is used in a wide range of scientific fields and industries, where it is often specifically defined. It may also be applied colloquially or figuratively, with a broa ...

Species

Index Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names ( scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of M ...

accepts 20 species of ''Nolanea'': *'' Nolanea avellanea'' Murrill (1917) *'' Nolanea claviformis'' Largent & Aime (2014) *'' Nolanea earlei'' Murrill (1917) *'' Nolanea furcata'' Largent & T.W.Henkel (2014) *'' Nolanea gracilipes'' Murrill (1917) *'' Nolanea mimiae'' Largent & Aime (2014) *'' Nolanea multiformis'' Peck (1913) *'' Nolanea occidentalis'' Murrill (1917) *'' Nolanea odorata'' Largent (1994) *'' Nolanea radiata'' (J.E.Lange) P.D.Orton (1960) *'' Nolanea rava'' Largent & Aime (2014) *'' Nolanea rubida'' Sacc. (1887) *'' Nolanea scabrinella'' (Peck) Pomerl. (1980) *'' Nolanea sinuolata'' Largent, Aime & T.W.Henkel (2014) *'' Nolanea suaveolens'' Peck (1908) *'' Nolanea subavellanea'' Murrill (1941) *'' Nolanea subpicea'' Murrill (1917) *'' Nolanea substaurospora'' Murrill (1917) *'' Nolanea substrictia'' Largent (1994) *'' Nolanea undulata'' Velen. (1921)

References

External links

The ''Nolanea'' Genus
{{Taxonbar, from=Q37031841 Agaricales genera Entolomataceae