Nikolai Alexandrovich Yaroshenko (russian: Николай Александрович Ярошенко; uk, Микола Олександрович Ярошенко; – ) was a

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

Imperial painter of Ukrainian origin. Yaroshenko painted many portraits, genre paintings, and drawings. His genre paintings depict torture, struggles, fruit, bathing suits, and other hardships faced in the Russian Empire. During the last two decades of the 19th century, he was one of the leading painters of

realism Realism, Realistic, or Realists may refer to: In the arts *Realism (arts), the general attempt to depict subjects truthfully in different forms of the arts Arts movements related to realism include: *Classical Realism *Literary realism, a move ...

in the Eastern Europe.

Biography

Nikolai Alexandrovich Yaroshenko was born on in the city of Poltava,

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

(now

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

) to a son of an officer in the

Russian Army The Russian Ground Forces (russian: Сухопутные войска �ВSukhoputnyye voyska V}), also known as the Russian Army (, ), are the land forces of the Russian Armed Forces. The primary responsibilities of the Russian Ground Force ...

. He chose a military career, studying at the Poltava Cadet Academy and later the Mikhailovsky Military Artillery Academy in Saint Peterburg, but he also studied

art Art is a diverse range of human activity, and resulting product, that involves creative or imaginative talent expressive of technical proficiency, beauty, emotional power, or conceptual ideas. There is no generally agreed definition of wha ...

at Kramskoi's drawing school and at the

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

Imperial Academy of Arts The Russian Academy of Arts, informally known as the Saint Petersburg Academy of Arts, was an art academy in Saint Petersburg, founded in 1757 by the founder of the Imperial Moscow University Ivan Shuvalov under the name ''Academy of the T ...

. In 1876, he became a leading member of a group of

painters called the

Peredvizhniki Peredvizhniki ( rus, Передви́жники, , pʲɪrʲɪˈdvʲiʐnʲɪkʲɪ), often called The Wanderers or The Itinerants in English, were a group of Russian realist artists who formed an artists' cooperative in protest of academic restr ...

(also known as the Itinerants or Wanderers). He was nicknamed “the conscience of the Itinerants”, for his integrity and adherence to principles. Yaroshenko retired as a

Major General Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of ...

in 1892. Yaroshenko spent some years in the regions of Poltava and

Chernigov Chernihiv ( uk, Черні́гів, , russian: Черни́гов, ; pl, Czernihów, ; la, Czernihovia), is a city and municipality in northern Ukraine, which serves as the administrative center of Chernihiv Oblast and Chernihiv Raion within t ...

, and his later years in

Kislovodsk Kislovodsk (russian: Кислово́дск, lit. ''sour waters''; ; krc, Ачысуу) is a spa city in Stavropol Krai, Russia, in the North Caucasus region of Russia which is located between the Black and Caspian Seas. Population: History ...

, in the

Caucasus The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia (country), Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range ...

Mountains, where he moved due to ill health. He died of

phthisis Phthisis may refer to: Mythology * Phthisis (mythology), Classical/Greco-Roman personification of rot, decay and putrefaction Medical terms * Phthisis bulbi, shrunken, nonfunctional eye * Phthisis miliaris, miliary tuberculosis * Phthisis pulmo ...

(pulmonary tuberculosis or consumption) in

on and was buried there. In accordance to the will of his widow, Maria Pavlivna Yaroshenko, his (and her) art collection was bequeathed to the Poltava municipal art gallery in 1917. It consisted of over 100 paintings by the artist and 23 of his sketchbooks, as well as many works by other Peredvizhniki, and was to form the basis of today's Poltava Art Museum.''Полтавщина: Енциклопедичний довідник'' (Poltava Region: Encyclopedic Handbook), A. V. Kudrytskyi, ed. Kyiv: "Українська енциклопедія" (Ukrainian Encyclopedia publishing house), 1992, 1002 pages, reproduced i
Особности. Микола Олексaндрович Ярошенко
(in Ukrainian). Consulted 22 December 2010.

Selected paintings

Nikolaj Alexandrowitsch Jaroschenko - On swing

1878. Nikolaj Alexandrowitsch Jaroschenko 005.jpg, ''The Stoker'', 1878. Nikolaj Alexandrowitsch Jaroschenko 002.jpg, ''The Prisoner'', 1878. Nikolaj Alexandrowitsch Jaroschenko 003.jpg, ''The Student'', 1881. Yaroshenko-28-150x150.jpg, ''Kicked out'', 1883 Nikolaj Alexandrowitsch Jaroschenko 004.jpg, ''In a Warm Land'', 1890. 1888. Nikolaj Alexandrowitsch Jaroschenko 008.jpg, ''Life Is Everywhere'', 1888. Gypsy Woman.jpg, ''Gypsy Woman'' (1886) Oil on Canvas. Vladimir Solovyov 1892 by Nikolay Yarochenko.jpg, Portrait of Vladimir Solovyov, 1892. Слепцы.jpg, ''The Blind'' or ''Group of Blind People'' (1879). Шат-гора (Эльбрус).jpg, ''El Brus'' (1884),

Caucasus Mountains The Caucasus Mountains, : pronounced * hy, Կովկասյան լեռներ, : pronounced * az, Qafqaz dağları, pronounced * rus, Кавка́зские го́ры, Kavkázskiye góry, kɐfˈkasːkʲɪje ˈɡorɨ * tr, Kafkas Dağla ...

. Nikolaj Alexandrowitsch Jaroschenko 001.jpg, ''El Brus behind the Clouds'' (1894). Кавказ. Тебердинское озеро.jpg, ''Lake Teberdinsky, Caucasus'' (1894).

References

External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Yaroshenko, Nikolai Alexandrovich 1846 births 1898 deaths Artists from Poltava 19th-century painters from the Russian Empire Russian male painters 19th-century Ukrainian painters 19th-century Ukrainian male artists 19th-century male artists from the Russian Empire Peredvizhniki Ukrainian male painters Russian people of Ukrainian descent 19th-century deaths from tuberculosis Tuberculosis deaths in Russia