Nikolay Dmitrievich Pilchikov (russian: Николай Дмитриевич Пильчиков, 2 April 1857,

Kharkov Kharkiv ( uk, Ха́рків, ), also known as Kharkov (russian: Харькoв, ), is the second-largest city and municipality in Ukraine.

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

(present-day Kharkiv,

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

) – 19 May 1908,

Kharkov Kharkiv ( uk, Ха́рків, ), also known as Kharkov (russian: Харькoв, ), is the second-largest city and municipality in Ukraine.

) was a Ukrainian

physicist A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe. Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate cau ...

, inventor, and

geologist A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid, liquid, and gaseous matter that constitutes Earth and other terrestrial planets, as well as the processes that shape them. Geologists usually study geology, earth science, or geophysics, althoug ...

. He is known for the discovery of the

photovoltaic effect The photovoltaic effect is the generation of voltage and electric current in a material upon exposure to light. It is a physical and chemical phenomenon. The photovoltaic effect is closely related to the photoelectric effect. For both phenomena, ...

, new properties of

X-rays An X-ray, or, much less commonly, X-radiation, is a penetrating form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation. Most X-rays have a wavelength ranging from 10 picometers to 10 nanometers, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30&nbs ...

, and ways to control various mechanisms of the radio provided a basis of radio control.Pilchikov Nikolay Dmitriyevich
kharkov.vbelous.net Pilchikov discovered the phenomenon of electronic photography and determined its principles, conducted fundamental research of atmospheric

ionisation Ionization, or Ionisation is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged atom or molecu ...

and light polarisation, and designed many ingenious devices and appliances, many of which carry his name, including the prototype of the modern protective suit for astronauts. Nikolay Pilchikov was also well-known as a researcher of the

Kursk Magnetic Anomaly Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (russian: Курская магнитная аномалия) is a territory rich in iron ores located within the Kursk, Belgorod, and Voronezh oblasts in Russia, and constitutes a significant part of the Central Chernozy ...

. Nikolay Dmitrievich Pilchikov was a son of Dmitriy Pavlovich Pilchikov, one of members of the Brotherhood of Saints Cyril and Methodius. Pilchikov was a member of the

Toulouse Academy of Sciences Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the prefecture of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger region of Occitania. The city is on the banks of the River Garonne, from the Mediterranean Sea, from the Atlantic Ocean and from Par ...

.Пильчиков, Николай Дмитриевич
Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary

References

Physicists from the Russian Empire Russian inventors Ukrainian inventors National University of Kharkiv alumni 1857 births 1908 deaths Russian nobility Scientists from Kharkiv Digital photography 1908 suicides 19th-century Ukrainian physicists {{Physicist-stub