Nikola Kirov (Никола Киров; 28 June 1880 – 2 August 1962) was a Bulgarian teacher, revolutionary and public figure, a member of

IMRO The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO; bg, Вътрешна Македонска Революционна Организация (ВМРО), translit=Vatrešna Makedonska Revoljucionna Organizacija (VMRO); mk, Внатр� ...

Biography

Nikola Kirov was born on 28 June 1880 in Kırşova, in the Manastir Vilayet of the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

(present-day

North Macedonia North Macedonia, ; sq, Maqedonia e Veriut, (Macedonia before February 2019), officially the Republic of North Macedonia,, is a country in Southeast Europe. It gained independence in 1991 as one of the successor states of Socialist Feder ...

). He completed basic education in his hometown, but then studied at the Bulgarian Men's High School in Bitola, from where he was expelled in 1898. He moved later to Thessaloniki and in 1902 graduated the

Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki The Sts. Cyril and Methodius Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki ( bg, Солунска българска мъжка гимназия „Св. св. Кирил и Методий“, ''Solunska balgarska mazhka gimnazia „Sv. sv. Kiril i ...

. In the high school he joined the IMRO. During the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie uprising, Nikola Kirov was in

Kruševo Kruševo ( mk, Крушево ; rup, Crushuva "Crușuva") is a town in North Macedonia. In Macedonian the name means the 'place of pear trees'. It is the highest town in North Macedonia and one of the highest in the Balkans, situated at an alti ...

and participated in the declaration and defense of the

Kruševo Republic The Kruševo Republic ( Bulgarian and Macedonian: Крушевска Република, ''Kruševska Republika''; rup, Republica di Crushuva) was a short-lived political entity proclaimed in 1903 by rebels from the Secret Macedonian-Adrianop ...

, and after the uprising was the head of the Kruševo Revolutionary Committee. He became

Bulgarian Exarchate The Bulgarian Exarchate ( bg, Българска екзархия, Balgarska ekzarhiya; tr, Bulgar Eksarhlığı) was the official name of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church before its autocephaly was recognized by the Ecumenical See in 1945 and th ...

teacher in Embore and later in

Debar Debar ( mk, Дебaр ; Albanian: ''Dibër''/''Dibra'' or ''Dibra e Madhe;'' ) is a city in the western part of North Macedonia, near the border with Albania, off the road from Struga to Gostivar. It is the seat of Debar Municipality. Debar has an ...

and in 1911-1912 he was the director of the Bulgarian school in Resen. After the

Second Balkan War The Second Balkan War was a conflict which broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 16 ( O.S.) / 29 (N.S.) June 1913. Serbian and Greek armies r ...

he emigrated with his whole family to Bulgaria and graduated from

Sofia University Sofia University, "St. Kliment Ohridski" at the University of Sofia, ( bg, Софийски университет „Св. Климент Охридски“, ''Sofijski universitet „Sv. Kliment Ohridski“'') is the oldest higher education i ...

. He participated in the activities of the

Macedonian Federative Organization The Macedonian Federative Organization (MFO) (Bulgarian and Macedonian: Македонска федеративна организация/организација (MFO/МФО) ) was established in Sofia in 1921 by former Internal Macedonian Revo ...

and of the

Ilinden (Organization) Ilinden was a veteran unpolitical organization established in Sofia in 1921 with branches in a whole of Bulgaria.''Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia'', Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009, , p. 94. It was founded by leaders of ...

. In 1923 he published the novel "Ilinden", in which he attributed to

Nikola Karev Nikola Janakiev Karev (Bulgarian: Никола Янакиев Карев and Macedonian: Никола Јанакиев Карев; November 23, 1877 – April 27, 1905) was a Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionaryPer Julian Allan Brooks' thesis ...

the creation of the Kruševo Manifesto. It was one of the first literary works that were published in his native

Prilep-Bitola dialect The Prilep-Bitola dialect ( mk, Прилепско-битолски дијалект, ''Prilepsko-bitolski dijalekt'') is a member of the central subgroup of the western group of dialects of Macedonian. This dialect is spoken in much of the Pel ...

, even before there was a standardized

Macedonian language Macedonian (; , , ) is an Eastern South Slavic language. It is part of the Indo-European language family, and is one of the Slavic languages, which are part of a larger Balto-Slavic branch. Spoken as a first language by around two million ...

. He is the author of the works "Looking to Macedonia", "Krushevo and his struggles for freedom" (1935), "The Krushevo Epic", "Light to Darkness" and others. He also appeared as a playwright and poet. Kirov regularly published materials in the magazine "Ilinden". He died in 1962 in

Sofia Sofia ( ; bg, София, Sofiya, ) is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria. It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha mountain in the western parts of the country. The city is built west of the Iskar river, and ha ...

.Николов, Борис. ВМОРО - псевдоними и шифри 1893-1934, Звезди, 1999, стр. 72-73.

References

External links

*
"Македония и България. (Сказка държана в театър "Одеон")"
публикувано във в-к "Воля", бр. 655–661, София, 1915 г.
Никола Киров-Майски от Крушево, Вардарска Македония - "Илинден - Драма в пет действия; Картини из великото македонско възстание през 1903 год."
София, 1923 година
Никола Киров-Майски от Крушево, Вардарска Македония - "Светлосенки; разкази и скици"
Видин, 1942 година {{DEFAULTSORT:Kirov, Nikola 1880 births 1962 deaths People from Kruševo People from Manastir vilayet Members of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization Bulgarian educators Ottoman Kruševo Bulgarian revolutionaries Macedonian Bulgarians