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This article is about the
demographic Demography () is the statistical study of populations, especially human beings. Demographic analysis examines and measures the dimensions and dynamics of populations; it can cover whole societies or groups defined by criteria such as edu ...
features of the population of Niger, including population density,
ethnicity An ethnic group or an ethnicity is a grouping of people who identify with each other on the basis of shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups. Those attributes can include common sets of traditions, ancestry, language, history, ...
, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. The largest ethnic groups in Niger are the Hausa, who also constitute the major ethnic group in northern Nigeria, and the Zarma Songhai (also spelled Djerma-Songhai), who also are found in parts of Mali. Both groups are sedentary farmers who live in the arable, southern tier. The Kanouri (including ''Beri Beri'', ''Manga'') make up the majority of sedentary population in the far southeast of the nation. The remainder of the Nigerien people are nomadic or seminomadic livestock-raising peoples— Tuareg, Fulani, Toubou and Diffa Arabs. With rapidly growing populations and the consequent competition for meager natural resources, lifestyles of these two types of peoples have come increasingly into conflict in Niger in recent years. Some white French people live in the country due to Niger being a former colony of France. Niger's high
infant mortality Infant mortality is the death of young children under the age of 1. This death toll is measured by the infant mortality rate (IMR), which is the probability of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births. The under-five morta ...
rate is comparable to levels recorded in neighboring countries. However, the child mortality rate (deaths among children between the ages of 1 and 4) is exceptionally high (274 per 1,000) due to generally poor health conditions and inadequate nutrition for most of the country's children. Niger's very high total fertility rate (6.89 children born per woman, which is the highest in the world), nonetheless, means that nearly half (49%) of the Nigerien population is under age 15. School attendance is low (34%), including 38% of males and 27% of females. Additional education occurs through Koranic schools.


Population

Source: Institut National de la Statistique - Niger


Census results


UN estimates

According to the total population was in , compared to only 2 462 000 in 1950. The proportion of children and teenagers below the age of 15 in 2010 was 49%, 48.8% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while only 2.2% was 65 years or older.Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision
 Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2017):


Vital statistics

Registration of vital events in Niger is incomplete. The website Our World in Data prepared the following estimates based on statistics from the Population Department of the United Nations.


Fertility and births

Total fertility rate (TFR; Wanted Fertility Rate) and crude birth rate (CBR): Fertility data as of 2012 (DHS Program):


Ethnic groups


Core health indicators


Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022. *One birth every 27 seconds *One death every 3 minutes *One net migrant every 360 minutes *Net gain of one person every 33 seconds The following demographic are from the
CIA World Factbook ''The World Factbook'', also known as the ''CIA World Factbook'', is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world. The official print version is available ...
unless otherwise indicated.


Population

:24,484,587 (2022 est.) :19,866,231 (July 2018 est.)


Religions

Muslim 99.3%, Christian 0.3%, animist 0.2%, none 0.1% (2012 est.)


Age structure

:''0-14 years:'' 50.58% (male 5,805,102/female 5,713,815) :''15-24 years:'' 19.99% (male 2,246,670/female 2,306,285) :''25-54 years:'' 23.57% (male 2,582,123/female 2,784,464) :''55-64 years:'' 3.17% (male 357,832/female 364,774) :''65 years and over:'' 2.68% (male 293,430/female 317,866) (2020 est.) :''0-14 years:'' 48.68% (male 4,878,031 /female 4,793,021) :''15-24 years:'' 19.36% (male 1,899,879 /female 1,945,806) :''25-54 years:'' 26.02% (male 2,581,597 /female 2,587,913) :''55-64 years:'' 3.3% (male 340,032 /female 315,142) :''65 years and over:'' 2.64% (male 268,072 /female 256,738) (2018 est.)


Birth rate

:47.08 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 1st :43.6 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 2nd


Death rate

:9.87 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 37th :11.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.)


Total fertility rate

:6.2 children born/woman (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 1st :6.35 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 1st


Median age

:total: 14.8 years. Country comparison to the world: 227th :male: 14.5 years :female: 15.1 years (2020 est.) :total: 15.5 years. Country comparison to the world: 228th :male: 15.4 years :female: 15.7 years (2018 est.)


Population growth rate

:3.66% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 3rd :3.16% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 7th


Mother's mean age at first birth

:20.4 years (2012 est.) :note: median age at first birth among women 25-49


Contraceptive prevalence rate

:11% (2017/18)


Net migration rate

:-0.64 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 129th :-0.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 125th


Dependency ratios

:total dependency ratio: 111.6 (2015 est.) :youth dependency ratio: 106.2 (2015 est.) :elderly dependency ratio: 5.4 (2015 est.) : potential support ratio: 18.6 (2015 est.)


Urbanization

:urban population: 16.9% of total population (2022) :rate of urbanization: 4.72% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) :urban population: 16.4% of total population (2018) :rate of urbanization: 4.27% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)


Sex ratio


''at birth:'' 1.03 male(s)/female
''younger than 15 years:'' 1.02 male(s)/female
''15–64 years:'' 0.99 male(s)/female
''65 years and over:'' 0.8 male(s)/female
''total population:'' 1 male(s)/female (2010 est.)


Life expectancy at birth

:total population: 60.09 years. Country comparison to the world: 218th :male: 58.55 years :female: 61.68 years (2022 est.) :total population: 56.3 years (2018 est.) :male: 55 years (2018 est.) :female: 57.7 years (2018 est.) :''total population:'' 52.6 years :''male:'' 51.39 years :''female:'' 53.85 years (2010 est.)


Major infectious diseases

:degree of risk: very high (2020) :food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever :vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever :water contact diseases: schistosomiasis :animal contact diseases: rabies :respiratory diseases: meningococcal meningitis note: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Niger is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine


Education expenditures

:3.5% of GDP (2019) Country comparison to the world: 126th


Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write :total population: 35.1% :male: 43.6% :female: 26.7% (2018) :total population: 19.1% (2015 est.) :male: 27.3% (2015 est.) :female: 11% (2015 est.) :Total population: 28.7% (2004 est.; source: UNDP 2006; NB- this figure is given without reference to which languages are considered) :Male: 42.9% :Female: 15.1%


Nationality

''noun:'' Nigerien(s)
''adjective:'' Nigerien


Ethnic Groups

* Hausa 53.1% * Zarma/ Songhai 21.2% * Tuareg 11% * Fulani (french: link=no, Peul; ff, Fulɓe) 6.5% * Kanuri 5.9% *
Gurma Gurma (also called Gourma or Gourmantché) is an ethnic group living mainly in northeastern Ghana, Burkina Faso, around Fada N'Gourma, and also in northern areas of Togo and Benin, as well as southwestern Niger. They number approximately 1,750 ...
0.8% * Arab 0.4% * Tubu 0.4% * Other/Unavailable 0.9% (2006 est.)


Languages

*
French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
(official) * Hausa * Zarma (Djerma)


School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

:total: 6 years (2017) :male: 7 years (2017) :female: 6 years (2017)


Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

:total: 16.6% :male: 16.1% :female: 17.5% (2017 est.)


See also

*
Seasonal migration in Niger Seasonal migration, locally called the ''Exode'', plays an important part of the economic and cultural life of the West African nation of Niger. While it is a common practice in many nations, Niger sees as much as a third of its rural population t ...
*
Women in Niger Women in Niger are women that are from or live in the West African country of Niger. These women belong to a population in which 98% are practitioners of Islam. Laws adopted by the government of Niger to protect the rights of Nigerien women a ...
* LGBT rights in Niger


References

*UNDP. 2006
''Beyond scarcity: Power, poverty and the global water crisis. Human Development Report 2006.''
New York: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
UNDP The Human Development Index reports: Niger

Health Organization Niger overview
Includes links to statistics, programs and news on health and demography in Niger.
WHO "Country Logbook" for Niger
Providing Surveys, Censuses, Monitoring of vital events, Health services & surveillance, Health situation & trend analysis, and Planning & strategic documents .
ethnologue.com
Ethnic and linguistic breakdown for Niger.
OECD/ AEO 2007 Niger country study


. Institute of the Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS) composed of nine member States, including Niger.
The World Bank, Niger overview and resources
{{Africa in topic, Demographics of Society of Niger