The Niemica is a river in north-western
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...
and a tributary of the
Åšwiniec River. It is long,
and has a basin size of . Its source is located south of
Lake Żabie (though that lake is located in a different river basin), by the
No. 420 railway line.
Initially, the river flows in a south-westerly direction to
Lake Szczucze, at which it flows into the fishponds adjacent to the lake's south-eastern shore. It leaves the lake at its northern shore, and after about it enters
Lake Okonie. Next, it flows from the north-western shore of Lake Okonie and flows in a north-westerly direction to the east of the village
Niemica, then travelling further north through the village of
SzumiÄ…ca and afterwards continuing in a north-westerly direction, where it passes through the village of
Mokrawica
Mokrawica (german: Mokratz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kamień Pomorski, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Kamień Pomorski and north of the ...
. Flowing in its final section along the
Trzebiatowski Coast Trzebiatowski (masculine), Trzebiatowska (feminine) is a Polish language family name. Notable people with the surname include:
*Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski (1906–1982), Polish chemist, physicist and mathematician
* Jörg "Tritze" Trzebiatowski, a ...
, it flows into the Åšwiniec River to the east of the village of
Grabowo, near
Kamień Pomorski
Kamień Pomorski (; csb, Kamiéń; german: Cammin or ''Kammin'') is a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship of north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It is the seat of an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County which ...
. The Åšwiniec carries on moving to the west, where it meets the
Kamieński Lagoon
Kamieński Lagoon is a lagoon on the Oder River in north-western Poland. It is part of the Dziwna.
Both the lagoon and the Dziwna are part of Poland's internal waters.
Several settlements lie on the shores of the lagoon, notably (in order of p ...
, part of the
Dziwna
The Dziwna () is a channel of the Oder River in northwestern Poland, one of three straits connecting the Oder Lagoon with the Bay of Pomerania of the Baltic Sea. It separates the island of Wolin from the rest of the Polish mainland. The other tw ...
.
The name ''Niemica'' has been used officially since 1948, replacing the river's earlier German name of ''Niemitz Bach'' (the whole area became again part of Poland in 1945, as part of the
territorial changes of Poland immediately after World War II
At the end of World War II, Poland underwent major changes to the location of its international border. In 1945, after the defeat of Nazi Germany, the Oder–Neisse line became its western border, resulting in gaining the Recovered Territories f ...
, and in the prior centuries it was at various times under Polish, Danish, Prussian and German rule).
In 1958, a
Bronze-Age
The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second prin ...
(or possibly early
Iron-Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age ( Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the Bronze Age (Chalcolithic). The concept has been mostly a ...
) settlement was discovered on the river's right bank, by the road to the village of
Benice. It was part of the
Lusatian culture
The Lusatian culture existed in the later Bronze Age and early Iron Age (1700 BC – 500 BC) in most of what is now Poland and parts of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, eastern Germany and western Ukraine. It covers the Periods Montelius III (earl ...
.
The species of fish that are most common in the river are the
common roach and the
European perch
The European perch (''Perca fluviatilis''), also known as the common perch, redfin perch, big-scaled redfin, English perch, Euro perch, Eurasian perch, Eurasian river perch, Hatch, poor man’s rockfish or in Anglophone parts of Europe, simply th ...
. However, many other species are also found in it, namely the
tench
The tench or doctor fish (''Tinca tinca'') is a fresh- and brackish-water fish of the order Cypriniformes found throughout Eurasia from Western Europe including the British Isles east into Asia as far as the Ob and Yenisei Rivers. It is also ...
, the
northern pike
The northern pike (''Esox lucius'') is a species of carnivorous fish of the genus '' Esox'' (the pikes). They are typical of brackish and fresh waters of the Northern Hemisphere (''i.e.'' holarctic in distribution). They are known simply as a ...
, the
burbot
The burbot (''Lota lota'') is the only gadiform (cod-like) freshwater fish
Freshwater fish are those that spend some or all of their lives in fresh water, such as rivers and lakes, with a salinity of less than 1.05%. These environments di ...
, the
common bleak, the
common rudd
The common rudd (''Scardinius erythrophthalmus'') is a bentho-pelagic freshwater fish, widely spread in Europe and middle Asia, around the basins of the North, Baltic, Black, Caspian and Aral seas.
Identification
Morphologically, this species ...
, the
silver bream (also known as the white bream) and the
gudgeon
A gudgeon is a socket-like, cylindrical (i.e., ''female'') fitting attached to one component to enable a pivoting or hinging connection to a second component. The second component carries a pintle fitting, the male counterpart to the gudgeon, ...
.
In 2008, a study of the water quality of the Niemica was carried out at its mouth by the Provincial Inspectorate of Environmental Protection (WIOÅš) of Szczecin. The physical and chemical properties of the water were not deemed good and the ecological state of the river was deemed moderate; however, the amount of particularly dangerous substances in the water was good biological properties of the water were described as first-class. In the overall two-stage score, the water quality of the Niemica was deemed to be poor.
Water flows into the river from the mechano-biological
sewage treatment plant
Sewage treatment (or domestic wastewater treatment, municipal wastewater treatment) is a type of wastewater treatment which aims to remove contaminants from sewage to produce an effluent that is suitable for discharge to the surrounding envir ...
located in
Kamień Pomorski
Kamień Pomorski (; csb, Kamiéń; german: Cammin or ''Kammin'') is a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship of north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It is the seat of an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County which ...
. The river can receive up to 8057m
3 of it in a twenty-four-hour period.
Gallery
File:Niemica Golczewo.jpg, alt=The Niemica River flowing next to a path and under a bridge in Golczewo., The Niemica River passing through Golczewo
Golczewo (formerly german: Gülzow) is a town in Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voiv ...
, close to Lake Szczuce.
File:Niemica_Mokrawica_2010-07_B.jpg, alt=The Niemica River flowing north, in the countryside., A photograph of the Niemica River taken from the bridge in Mokrawica
Mokrawica (german: Mokratz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kamień Pomorski, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Kamień Pomorski and north of the ...
.
File:Gülzow - Eisenbahnbrücke 2.jpg, alt=A black-and-white photograph of bridges over the Niemica River., A historical picture of the Niemica River, taken before 1945.
See also
*
List of rivers of Poland
Following is a list of rivers, which are at least partially, if not predominantly located within Poland.KSNG (2002–2014)List of Names of Flowing Waters (Wykaz nazw wód płynacych)(PDF file, direct download 1.47 MB), Komisja Standaryzacji Nazw Ge ...
*
Niemica, Kamień County
Niemica (German: ''Nemitz'') is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Golczewo, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.
It lies approximately north-west of Golczewo, south-east of Kamień Pomors ...
References
{{reflist
Rivers of Poland
Rivers of West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kamień County