Nezam al-Din Ahmad Gilani (1585 – after 1662), also known by his honorific title of Hakim al-Molk, was an

Iranian Iranian may refer to: * Iran, a sovereign state * Iranian peoples, the speakers of the Iranian languages. The term Iranic peoples is also used for this term to distinguish the pan ethnic term from Iranian, used for the people of Iran * Iranian lan ...

philosopher and physician from Gilan, who served the

Qutb Shahi The Qutb Shahi dynasty also called as Golconda Sultanate (Persian: ''Qutb Shāhiyān'' or ''Sultanat-e Golkonde'') was a Persianate Shia Islam dynasty of Turkoman origin that ruled the sultanate of Golkonda in southern India. After the coll ...

rulers in the

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

n region of

Deccan The large Deccan Plateau in South India, southern India is located between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats, and is loosely defined as the peninsular region between these ranges that is south of the Narmada river. To the north, it is bou ...

. Nezam al-Din Ahmad was born in 1585 to a family native to Gilan, a region and

Safavid Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often conside ...

province on the Caspian coast of northern Iran. The family were from the village of Moridan, close to the village of

Malat Malat ( fa, ملاط, also Romanized as Malāţ) is a village in Daryasar Rural District, Kumeleh District, Langarud County, Gilan Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a countr ...

, which had originally served as the headquarters of the

Kar-Kiya dynasty The Kar-Kiya dynasty, also known as the Kiya'ids, was a local dynasty which mainly ruled over Biya-pish (eastern Gilan) from the 1370s to 1592. They claimed Sasanian ancestry as well. Lahijan was the dynasty's capital. The Kar-Kiya dynasty helpe ...

(1370s–1592) of Biya-pish (eastern Gilan). Nezam al-Din Ahmad was the son of Ali, a physician who was the son of a certain Hasan. Nezam al-Din Ahmad may have been the great-grandson of a namesake astrologer and geomancer from Gilan, who went to the city of

Herat Herāt (; Persian: ) is an oasis city and the third-largest city of Afghanistan. In 2020, it had an estimated population of 574,276, and serves as the capital of Herat Province, situated south of the Paropamisus Mountains (''Selseleh-ye Safēd ...

, then ruled by the

Timurid Timurid refers to those descended from Timur (Tamerlane), a 14th-century conqueror: * Timurid dynasty, a dynasty of Turco-Mongol lineage descended from Timur who established empires in Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent ** Timurid Empire of C ...

Sultan Husayn Bayqara Sultan Husayn Bayqara Mirza ( fa, حسین بایقرا / ''Husayn Bāyqarā''; June/July 1438 – 4 May 1506) was the Timurid ruler of Herat from 1469 until May 4, 1506, with a brief interruption in 1470. A skilled statesman, Sultan Husayn ...

(). Even during his stay in the Deccan, Nezam al-Din Ahmad was still in close contacts with people from his village as other Gilani scholars in the Deccan.

References

Sources

* 17th-century Iranian philosophers 17th-century writers of Safavid Iran People from Gilan Province Qutb Shahi dynasty Deccan sultanates Iranian emigrants to India {{Iran-bio-stub