Neuhofen is a municipality in the

Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis The Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis is a district (''Kreis'') in the east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) the district-free city Worms, the district Bergstraße, district-free Mannheim, Frankenthal and Ludw ...

, in

Rhineland-Palatinate Rhineland-Palatinate ( , ; german: link=no, Rheinland-Pfalz ; lb, Rheinland-Pfalz ; pfl, Rhoilond-Palz) is a western state of Germany. It covers and has about 4.05 million residents. It is the ninth largest and sixth most populous of the ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

. It is situated approximately 7 km south of

Ludwigshafen Ludwigshafen, officially Ludwigshafen am Rhein (; meaning " Ludwig's Port upon Rhine"), is a city in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, on the river Rhine, opposite Mannheim. With Mannheim, Heidelberg, and the surrounding region, it form ...

History

Starting point of Neuhofen was the declined village Medenheim, east of Neuhofen. Being property of the monastery Wissembourg since the 10th century, 1194 Medenheim was sold to the Cistercian monastery Himmerod. The

Cistercians The Cistercians, () officially the Order of Cistercians ( la, (Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint ...

founded the farm ''Nova Curia'' („New Farm“ or „Neuer Hof“ in German) near Medenheim. More and more people from Medenheim moved to the new farm, and Medenheim declined.

Historical Buildings and Sights

Image:Old_Tobacco_House_Neuhofen.jpg , Neuhofen ''Tabac Haus''

Timeline

* 9 May 1194 The area of Neuhofen became property of the

of Himmerod. The document stating this was testified by Henry VI, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. (''"Kaiser Heinrich VI. bekundet, dass durch seine Hände, Abt Gottfried von Weißenburg mit seinen Mitbrüdern und Ministerialie das Hofgut in Medenheim und Rechholz, das Eberhard von Ried vom Kloster Weißenburg zu

Lehen Lehen may refer to: * The German word for fief, especially in context of the feudalism in the Holy Roman Empire. People * Ľudovít Lehen, Ľudo Lehen (1925–2014), Slovak artist, sculptor and author Places Germany * , a village in the borough ...

trug, an Abt Herman von Himmerod und sein Kloster zu Eigentum übertragen hat."'') * 1194 The

did not settle in the village of Medenheim, but at a mill on the "Rehbach" stream. * 1209 Neuhofen's name (in Latin ''Nova Curia'') was first mentioned in a document of the

Bishop of Speyer The Bishop of Speyer is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Speyer, which is a suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Bamberg.Mutterstadt. * 1220 The old church of Medenheim was torn down * 1318 Bishop Emich of

Speyer Speyer (, older spelling ''Speier'', French: ''Spire,'' historical English: ''Spires''; pfl, Schbaija) is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany with approximately 50,000 inhabitants. Located on the left bank of the river Rhine, Speyer li ...

permits the construction of a new church in Neuhofen. The patron saint of the new church is

Michael Michael may refer to: People * Michael (given name), a given name * Michael (surname), including a list of people with the surname Michael Given name "Michael" * Michael (archangel), ''first'' of God's archangels in the Jewish, Christian an ...

. * 1318 The cloister of Himmerod sells Neuhofen, but keeps the right to levy tax. * 1349 Destruction of the castle of Neuhofen * 1449 Destruction of Neuhofen in the war about the succession of Louis IV, Count Palatine of the Rhine * 1543 In the

Protestant Reformation The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in ...

Neuhofen changes denomination. * 1584 The river

Rhine ), Surselva, Graubünden, Switzerland , source1_coordinates= , source1_elevation = , source2 = Rein Posteriur/Hinterrhein , source2_location = Paradies Glacier, Graubünden, Switzerland , source2_coordinates= , so ...

changes its course, this is the origin of the Neuhöfer

Altrhein The Alter Rhein (German for ''Old Rhine'') is the old river bed of the Alpine Rhine in St. Gallen and Vorarlberg in the Alpine Rhine Valley, which was cut off when the Rhine was straightened during the 20th century. These cut-off arms have beco ...

(a lake marking the earlier course of the river) * 1618 - 1648 In the

Thirty Years' War The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (80 ...

Neuhofen is looted and destroyed many times. Its inhabitants move to the surrounding towns. Only few families return after the war,

Huguenot The Huguenots ( , also , ) were a religious group of French Protestants who held to the Reformed, or Calvinist, tradition of Protestantism. The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, the Genevan burgomaster Be ...

s settle in Neuhofen. * 1637 Plague * between 1688 and 1697 destruction in the Palatine Succession War * 1797 - 1815 Neuhofen and the Palatine west of the

are part of the

French Republic France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

( Départements Mont-Tonnerre) * 19th century the railway to

Saarbrücken Saarbrücken (; french: link=no, Sarrebruck ; Rhine Franconian: ''Saarbrigge'' ; lb, Saarbrécken ; lat, Saravipons, lit=The Bridge(s) across the Saar river) is the capital and largest city of the state of Saarland, Germany. Saarbrücken is S ...

was built by

Paul Camille von Denis Paul Camille Denis, later von Denis, (28 June 1796 – 3 September 1872) was an engineer, railway pioneer and participant in the Hambach Festival, the German political protest of 1832. Denis was born at Château des Saales in Montier-en-Der, in ...

; between Mutterstadt and Neuhofen a railway station was built * 1852 the sugar refinery on the Friedensau was put into operation; Neuhofen begins to turn into a residence for workers * 1865 the BASF was founded in

Mannheim Mannheim (; Palatine German: or ), officially the University City of Mannheim (german: Universitätsstadt Mannheim), is the second-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg after the state capital of Stuttgart, and Germany's 2 ...

and moved to

. In Ludwigshafen more chemical companies were founded, more and more workers settled in Neuhofen.

Population

* 1585: 200 persons (according to a tax list, 53 families) * 1655: 28 persons (after the

) * 1700: 90 persons * 1802: 502 persons (333 Reformed, 87 Lutheran, 93 Catholic) * 1835: 1015 persons (826 Evangelical, 186 Catholic, 4 Jewish) * 1867: 1453 persons (1166 Evangelical, 202 Catholic, 18 Jewish) * 1905: 2464 persons (2022 Evangelical, 396 Catholic, 33 Jewish, 13 of other religion according to a census) * In

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

87 soldiers from Neuhofen are killed in action. * 1930: 3060 persons * In

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

soldiers from Neuhofen are killed in action; 67 are missing till today; 13 people from Neuhofen get killed because of their "race" or political beliefs. * 1950: 3641 persons (according to a census) * 1970: 5291 persons (according to a census) * 1995: 7262 persons * 2006: 7297 persons

Notable people

* Manfred Kaltz, football player * Karl Striebinger, football player

References

{{Authority control Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis