Neubürg
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The Neubürg is a
table hill A table or tableland is a butte, flank of a mountain, or mountain, that has a flat top. This kind of landform has numerous names, including: * Butte * Mesa * * Potrero * Tepui * Terrace * Tuya A tuya is a flat-topped, steep-sided vol ...
in
Mistelgau Mistelgau is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria in Germany. The eponymous village is the seat of both the municipality as well as the municipality association Mistelgau. Name The name "Mistelgau" is a compound of "Mistel" (G ...
,
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
. It is part of the Franconian Jura and
Franconian Switzerland Franconian Switzerland (german: Fränkische Schweiz) is an upland in Upper Franconia, Bavaria, Germany and a popular tourist retreat. Located between the River Pegnitz in the east and the south, the River Regnitz in the west and the River Main i ...
. Hills of Bavaria Mountains and hills of the Franconian Jura


Geography

The Neubürg is a so-called "Zeugenberg" (outlier mountain) located on the eastern edge of the Franconian Jura, 5 km southwest of the village of Mistelgau. The small village Wohnsgehaig (part of Mistelgau municipality) is located on the western slopes of Neubürg.


Geology

The Neubürg was created in the
Jurassic The Jurassic ( ) is a Geological period, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately Mya. The J ...
era. The top layer consists of lime, followed by clay and iron-rich sandstone.


History

Likely, the hilltop was first settled during
Paleolithic The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic (), also called the Old Stone Age (from Greek: παλαιός ''palaios'', "old" and λίθος ''lithos'', "stone"), is a period in human prehistory that is distinguished by the original development of stone too ...
around 12,000 BCE. From the Neolithic period up to the
La Tène period LA most frequently refers to Los Angeles, the second largest city in the United States. La, LA, or L.A. may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * La (musical note), or A, the sixth note * "L.A.", a song by Elliott Smith on ''Figur ...
, a fortified settlement existed on the hilltop plateau. For this reason, today, this plateau is a protected archeological monument. During the
Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...
and until 1415, a
castle A castle is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by military orders. Scholars debate the scope of the word ''castle'', but usually consider it to be the private fortified r ...
atop the hill secured the road Via imperialis that ran from
Bamberg Bamberg (, , ; East Franconian: ''Bambärch'') is a town in Upper Franconia, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main. The town dates back to the 9th century, when its name was derived from the nearby ' castle. C ...
to Bayreuth (and then on towards
Cheb Cheb (; german: Eger) is a town in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 30,000 inhabitants. It lies on the river Ohře. Before the 1945 Expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia, expulsion of the German-speaking population ...
). In 1806, local residents cut down the oak wood atop the hill. Today, this gives visitors a panoramic view of the entire surrounding area from
Fichtel Mountains The Fichtel MountainsRandlesome, C. et al. (2011). ''Business Cultures in Europe'', 2nd ed., Routledge, Abingdon and New York, p. 52. . (german: Fichtelgebirge, cs, Smrčiny), form a small horseshoe-shaped mountain range in northeastern Bavaria ...
and
Bayreuth Bayreuth (, ; bar, Bareid) is a town in northern Bavaria, Germany, on the Red Main river in a valley between the Franconian Jura and the Fichtelgebirge Mountains. The town's roots date back to 1194. In the 21st century, it is the capital of U ...
right up to the
Bamberg Bamberg (, , ; East Franconian: ''Bambärch'') is a town in Upper Franconia, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main. The town dates back to the 9th century, when its name was derived from the nearby ' castle. C ...
area. In 1999, the nearby
municipalities A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
or towns
Aufseß Aufseß, also sometimes spelled Aufsess, is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria, Germany. Located in Franconian Switzerland on the Castle Road and the Franconian ''Bierstraße'', or Beer Road, Aufseß is best known for its conn ...
,
Eckersdorf Eckersdorf is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria in Germany. Geography The municipality of Eckersdorf is located on the northern edge of an area called "Little Switzerland" (German: Fränkische Schweiz), close to the world ...
, Gesees, Glashütten,
Hollfeld Hollfeld is a town in the district of Bayreuth, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated 20 km west of Bayreuth, and 30 km east of Bamberg. Sport The towns association football club, ASV Hollfeld, experienced its greatest success in 2012 ...
,
Hummeltal Hummeltal is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria in Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and t ...
, Mistelbach,
Mistelgau Mistelgau is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria in Germany. The eponymous village is the seat of both the municipality as well as the municipality association Mistelgau. Name The name "Mistelgau" is a compound of "Mistel" (G ...
, Plankenfels, and Waischenfeld, together with other agents, created the development association ''Förderverein Region Neubürg e. ''V. aimed at fostering tourism in the region. Since 2003, the hill hosts the ''NaturKunstRaum Neubürg'' (literally Nature Art Room Neubürg), a permanent exhibit of various sculptures created by artists from Germany, France and Switzerland.{{Bavaria-geo-stub


References