The Neubürg is a
table hill in
Mistelgau,
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
. It is part of the
Franconian Jura
The Franconian Jura ( , , or ) is an upland in Franconia, Bavaria, Germany. Located between two rivers, the Danube in the south and the Main in the north, its peaks reach elevations of up to and it has an area of some 7053.8 km2. Emil Mey ...
and
Franconian Switzerland
Franconian Switzerland (, ) is an upland in Upper Franconia, Bavaria, Germany and a popular tourist retreat. Located between the River Pegnitz in the east and the south, the River Regnitz in the west and the River Main in the north, its relief ...
.
Geography
The Neubürg is a so-called "Zeugenberg" (outlier mountain) located on the eastern edge of the Franconian Jura, 5 km southwest of the village of Mistelgau. The small village Wohnsgehaig (part of Mistelgau municipality) is located on the western slopes of Neubürg.
Geology
The Neubürg was created in the
Jurassic
The Jurassic ( ) is a Geological period, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately 143.1 Mya. ...
era. The top layer consists of lime, followed by clay and iron-rich sandstone.
History
Likely, the hilltop was first settled during
Paleolithic
The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic ( years ago) ( ), also called the Old Stone Age (), is a period in human prehistory that is distinguished by the original development of stone tools, and which represents almost the entire period of human prehist ...
around 12,000
BCE.
From the
Neolithic period
The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Greek 'new' and 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Mesopotamia, Asia, Europe and Africa (c. 10,000 BCE to c. 2,000 BCE). It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wid ...
up to the
La Tène period
LA most frequently refers to Los Angeles, the second most populous city in the United States of America.
La, LA, or L.A. may also refer to:
Arts and entertainment Music
* La (musical note), or A, the sixth note
*"L.A.", a song by Elliott Smi ...
, a fortified settlement existed on the hilltop plateau. For this reason, today, this plateau is a protected archeological monument.
During the
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ...
and until 1415, a
castle
A castle is a type of fortification, fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by Military order (monastic society), military orders. Scholars usually consider a ''castle'' to be the private ...
atop the hill secured the road
Via imperialis that ran from
Bamberg
Bamberg (, , ; East Franconian German, East Franconian: ''Bambärch'') is a town in Upper Franconia district in Bavaria, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main (river), Main. Bamberg had 79,000 inhabitants in ...
to Bayreuth (and then on towards
Cheb
Cheb (; ) is a town in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 33,000 inhabitants. It lies on the Ohře River.
Before the Expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia, expulsion of Germans in 1945, the town was the centre of the G ...
).
In 1806, local residents cut down the oak wood atop the hill. Today, this gives visitors a panoramic view of the entire surrounding area from
Fichtel Mountains
The Fichtel Mountains (, ; ) is a mountain range in Germany and the Czech Republic. They extend from the valley of the Red Main River in northeastern Bavaria to the Karlovy Vary Region in western Czech Republic. The Fichtel Mountains contain an ...
and
Bayreuth
Bayreuth ( or ; High Franconian German, Upper Franconian: Bareid, ) is a Town#Germany, town in northern Bavaria, Germany, on the Red Main river in a valley between the Franconian Jura and the Fichtel Mountains. The town's roots date back to 11 ...
right up to the
Bamberg
Bamberg (, , ; East Franconian German, East Franconian: ''Bambärch'') is a town in Upper Franconia district in Bavaria, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main (river), Main. Bamberg had 79,000 inhabitants in ...
area.
In 1999, the nearby
municipalities
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality' ...
or towns
Aufseß
Aufseß, also sometimes spelled Aufsess, is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria, Germany.
Located in Franconian Switzerland on the Castle Road and the Franconian ''Bierstraße'', or Beer Road, Aufseß is best known for its con ...
,
Eckersdorf,
Gesees,
Glashütten,
Hollfeld
Hollfeld is a town in the Bayreuth (district), district of Bayreuth, in Bavaria, Germany.
It is situated 20 km west of Bayreuth, and 30 km east of Bamberg.
Sport
The towns association football club, ASV Hollfeld, experienced its greates ...
,
Hummeltal,
Mistelbach
Mistelbach an der Zaya (; Mistelbach on the (River) Zaya; Central Bavarian: ''Mistlboch'') is a town in the northeast of Austria in Lower Austria, one of Austria's nine States of Austria, federal states. It is located roughly 40 km northea ...
,
Mistelgau,
Plankenfels, and
Waischenfeld
Waischenfeld is a town in the district of Bayreuth, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated in Franconian Switzerland, 20 km southwest of Bayreuth.
It consists of the following districts: Aalkorb, Breitenlesau, Doos, Eichenbirkig, Gösseldorf, ...
, together with other agents, created the development association ''Förderverein Region Neubürg e. ''V. aimed at fostering tourism in the region.
Since 2003, the hill hosts the ''NaturKunstRaum Neubürg'' (literally Nature Art Room Neubürg), a permanent exhibit of various sculptures created by artists from Germany, France and Switzerland.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Neuburg
Hills of Bavaria
Mountains and hills of the Franconian Jura