Netiva Ben Yehuda ( he, נתיבה בן-יהודה; July 1928, Tel Aviv – 28 February 2011) was an Israeli author, editor and media personality. She was a commander in the pre-state
Jewish
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
underground
Palmach.
Biography
Netiva ("Tiva") Ben-Yehuda was born in
Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv-Yafo ( he, תֵּל־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ, translit=Tēl-ʾĀvīv-Yāfō ; ar, تَلّ أَبِيب – يَافَا, translit=Tall ʾAbīb-Yāfā, links=no), often referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the ...
, in
Mandate Palestine
Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 i ...
, on 26 July 1928. Her father was Baruch Ben-Yehuda, director general of the first
Israeli ministry of education
The Ministry of Education ( he, מִשְׂרָד הַחִנּוּךְ, translit. ''Misrad HaHinukh''; ar, وزارة التربية والتعليم) is the branch of the Israeli government charged with overseeing public education institutions ...
.
Ben-Yehuda joined the Palmach at the age of 18 and was trained in demolition, bomb disposal, topography, and scouting. Her duties included transferring ammunition, escorting convoys, and training recruits.
The Palmach generally opposed women fighting at the front, however Ben-Yehuda was a commander and participated in several battles by performing sabotage operations.
On February 11, 1948, Ben-Yehuda and her comrades planted a mine for a busload of Arabs. This event and the ensuing death impacted Ben-Yehuda psychologically.
Ben-Yehuda considered competing in
discus throwing at the
Olympics, but a bullet injury to her arm kept her from pursuing an athletic career.
She studied at the
Bezalel Academy of Art and Design
Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design ( he, בצלאל, אקדמיה לאמנות ועיצוב) is a public college of design and art located in Jerusalem. Established in 1906 by Jewish painter and sculptor Boris Schatz, Bezalel is Israel's oldes ...
in
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
and
Jewish philosophy at the
Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Ben Yehuda worked as a freelance editor, and in 1972 published ''The World Dictionary of Hebrew Slang''. Between 1981 and 1991, she published her Palmah trilogy, a series of three novels based on her own experience in the War of Independence (see "Published works"). She wrote over 30 books, including a
Hebrew
Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...
slang dictionary, coauthored with
Dahn Ben-Amotz.
She was the host of a late-night
Israel Radio show for 14 years where she played old-time Israeli songs and spoke with callers.
She was a resident of Palmach Street in the capital, and the local cafe she patronized on that street became known as "Cafe Netiva."
Ben Yehuda died on 28 February 2011 at the age of 82.
Awards and honours
In 2004, Ben Yehuda received the
Yakir Yerushalayim Yakir Yerushalayim ( he, יַקִּיר יְרוּשָׁלַיִם; en, Worthy Citizen of Jerusalem) is an annual citizenship prize in Jerusalem, inaugurated in 1967.
The prize is awarded annually by the municipality of the City of Jerusalem to o ...
(Worthy Citizen of Jerusalem) award from the city of
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
.
[ City of Jerusalem official website]
Quote
On the subject of the Palmach: "I don't think that there has ever been any other underground movement in the world in which 'male chauvinism' triumphed so powerfully and so proudly".
Published works
* ''The World Dictionary of Hebrew Slang'' (with Dahn Ben Amotz),
Zmora Bitan
Kinneret Zmora-Bitan Dvir is one of Israel's largest book publishing companies.
History
The company's oldest imprint, Dvir, was founded in Odessa in 1919 by Hayim Nahman Bialik. , 1972
a-Milon Le-Ivrit Meduberet* ''1948 – Between Calendars'' (novel), Keter, 1981
en Ha-Sefirot part of the Palmach trilogy
* ''The World Dictionary of Hebrew Slang, Part 2'' (with Dahn Ben Amotz), Zmora Bitan, 1982
a-Milon Le-Ivrit Meduberet II* ''Blessings and Curses'' (writings), Keter, 1984
rachot U-Klalot* ''Through the Binding Ropes'' (novel), Domino, 1985
i-Bead L'Avotot part of the Palmach trilogy
* ''Jerusalem from the Inside'' (novel), Edanim, 1988
erushalayim Mi-Bifnocho* ''Autobiography in Poem and Song'' (folk songs), Keter, 1991
tobiografia Be-Shir U-Zemer* ''When the State of Israel Broke Out'' (novel), Keter, 1991
e-She Partzah Ha-Medinah part of the Palmach trilogy
References
External links
Official website(in Hebrew)
"Front line combat" audio essay by Ben-Yehuda at BBC online"Netiva Ben Yehuda" article in the Jewish Women's Encyclopedia by Yael Feldman
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ben-Yehuda, Netiva
1928 births
2011 deaths
Jewish Israeli writers
Palmach members
Israeli Ashkenazi Jews
Ashkenazi Jews in Mandatory Palestine
Hebrew language
Jewish printing and publishing
Israeli women writers
Israeli women novelists
Israeli novelists
Israeli lexicographers
Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design alumni
Women in war in the Middle East
Women in warfare post-1945
Women lexicographers
20th-century novelists
20th-century women writers