Nest Of Worlds
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''Nest of Worlds'' (
Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...
: ''Gniazdo światów'') is a 1998
science fiction Science fiction (sometimes shortened to Sci-Fi or SF) is a genre of speculative fiction which typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel unive ...
novel by the
Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...
author Marek S. Huberath. The novel has layers of
nested stories A story within a story, also referred to as an embedded narrative, is a literary device in which a character within a narrative, story becomes the narrator of a second story (within the first one). Multiple layers of stories within stories are ...
, each of which is printed in a different
font In metal typesetting, a font is a particular size, weight and style of a typeface. Each font is a matched set of type, with a piece (a "sort") for each glyph. A typeface consists of a range of such fonts that shared an overall design. In mod ...
. This, along with its theme of books and reading, places it in the
genre Genre () is any form or type of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially-agreed-upon conventions developed over time. In popular usage, it normally describes a category of literature, music, or other for ...
of
metafiction Metafiction is a form of fiction which emphasises its own narrative structure in a way that continually reminds the audience that they are reading or viewing a fictional work. Metafiction is self-conscious about language, literary form, and story ...
. It was translated into English by
Michael Kandel Michael Kandel (born December 24, 1941 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American translator and author of science fiction. Biography Kandel received a doctorate in Slavistics from Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana University. His most rece ...
in 2014.


Setting

''Nest of Worlds'' is set in a universe which resembles the real world, but with different physical laws and social organisation.


Physics

In the main story, the flow of time depends on the distance of a given person or object from the planet. The further a
body Body may refer to: In science * Physical body, an object in physics that represents a large amount, has mass or takes up space * Body (biology), the physical material of an organism * Body plan, the physical features shared by a group of anima ...
is from the surface, the slower time flows for that body. For example, at the beginning of the novel, two of the main characters, Dave and Magda, make a journey covering the same distance. Dave travels by plane, while Magda travels by ship. As a result, Dave's journey takes thirty-six hours, while Magda's takes four years, although they start and finish their respective journeys at roughly the same time. The physics varies further in the embedded stories.


Society

The planet in the main story is divided into four countries. At the age of thirty-five, every individual must leave their native country and move to the next. After another thirty-five years they move again, and so on: if they live long enough, they may return to their home country. The reason behind these removals is not explained but none of the characters seems to question their purpose. Each country's society is organised according to
racial A race is a categorization of humans based on shared physical or social qualities into groups generally viewed as distinct within a given society. The term came into common usage during the 1500s, when it was used to refer to groups of variou ...
criteria and divided into four
caste Caste is a form of social stratification characterised by endogamy, hereditary transmission of a style of life which often includes an occupation, ritual status in a hierarchy, and customary social interaction and exclusion based on cultura ...
s according to
hair colour Human hair color is the pigmentation of human hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin. Generally, if more melanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less melanin is present, the hair is lighter. The t ...
. The hierarchy of castes is different in each country, so with each move, an individual's social position changes. Apart from a given name and surname, everyone also has a Significant Name, which, with inexplicable yet inevitable certainty, determines the cause of its owner's death. The Significant Name is chosen by the child's parents and there are twelve alternatives. ''Sulled'', for example, means 'from oneself', ''Aeriel'' means 'from air', ''Myzzt'' means 'through brain'.


Nested worlds

The qualities of the universe of each embedded story remain in a relationship with the qualities of all other "nested worlds", which can be expressed by means of
mathematical formulae Mathematical notation consists of using symbols for representing operations, unspecified numbers, relations and any other mathematical objects, and assembling them into expressions and formulas. Mathematical notation is widely used in mathematic ...
. For example, in each successive world, the number of countries increases, while the time an individual spends there decreases.


Plot

The main character, Gavein Throzz (a.k.a. Dave) and his wife, Ra Mahleiné (Magda), arrive in the country of Davabel, after an obligatory migration from their native country. As soon as they settle in, a series of mysterious deaths in occurs in their neighbourhood. The mystery, is not the manner of death (for they are always perfectly explicable), but the reason their number and why the victims have always met Gavein. The idea that Gavein is responsible for the "epidemic of deaths" starts as a vague suspicion, but becomes widespread. Meanwhile, Dave's colleague, Wilcox, reads ''Nest of Worlds'', a book that will later drive him to insanity and suicide. Throzz is taken to the Division of Science, where physicians unsuccessfully attempt to kill him. During Dave's stay at the Institute, his friend, Zef, also starts reading ''Nest of Worlds'' but, unlike Wilcox, is influenced positively by the book. Dave escapes from the hospital, which is being destroyed by earthquakes accompanying the formation of a volcano. He comes home to find most of the household murdered (including Zef). After an unsuccessful attempt on his life—this time by the army—Dave starts reading ''Nest of Worlds'' as a form of escapism. The book tells about a world similar to his but with slightly changed qualities. The characters, like Gavein, read a book called ''Nest of Worlds''. In their book the world is still different and the characters also read ''Nest of Worlds''—and so on and so forth. It is characteristic that what happens in a "nested world" largely depends on the readers from a higher level. If they read the book, the characters’ lives speed up; if they stop reading it, the action slows down; if they reread any passage, it is never the same. Dave also reads notes that Zef had placed inside the book on slips of paper. Zef had been comparing the qualities of all the nested worlds and arranging them in mathematical formulae. These formulae show that the nested worlds constitute a logical continuum, suggesting that Gavein's world is also part of it, i.e. that Gavein is a character in a book. By "juggling numbers" Zef also infers the existence of ''our'' world and of the ultimate world, encompassing all other nested worlds, whose sole inhabitant is implicitly God. The protagonist concludes that the mysterious deaths occurred because somebody had been reading the book in which he is the main character. Therefore, when his wife is also dying, Gavein addresses that reader and asks him or her to stop reading the book, so that his and his wife's lives can be suspended. Unless the reader fulfils Dave's wish, they learn from the Epilogue, that, after his wife's death, Throzz will commit suicide to finish the "epidemic of deaths". He also reasons that if all worlds are books, then somewhere there must be a gigantic Library with a Catalogue, where all characters from all ''Nest of Worlds'' books can finally meet. In the end, it is suggested that Gavein finds his way to that place. Marek Oramus, in a review, argues that the hero does not reach the Catalogue but "ends up ..in hell, degraded by three levels" to one of the embedded worlds.Oramus, Marek. ''Rozmyślania nad tlenem. Przygody człowieka czytającego.''
Olsztyn Olsztyn ( , ; german: Allenstein ; Old Prussian: ''Alnāsteini'' * Latin: ''Allenstenium'', ''Holstin'') is a city on the Łyna River in northern Poland. It is the capital of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, and is a city with county rights. ...
:
Solaris Solaris may refer to: Arts and entertainment Literature, television and film * ''Solaris'' (novel), a 1961 science fiction novel by Stanisław Lem ** ''Solaris'' (1968 film), directed by Boris Nirenburg ** ''Solaris'' (1972 film), directed by ...
, 2000, p. 91.
However, whatever the place in which Gavein finds himself after his suicide, it seems highly unlike any kind of hell as his surroundings in the final scene are all more beautiful than before.


See also

*
Science fiction and fantasy in Poland Science fiction and fantasy in Poland dates to the late 18th century. During the latter years of the People's Republic of Poland, a very popular genre of science fiction was social science fiction. Later, many other genres gained prominence. Pol ...
*
List of metafictional works This is a partial list of works that use metafictional ideas. Metafiction is intentional allusion or reference to a work's fictional nature. It is commonly used for humorous or parodic effect, and has appeared in a wide range of mediums, includin ...


References

{{Reflist


Further reading

*Huberath, Marek S. ''Gniazdo światów''.
Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...
: superNOWA, 1998. *Huberath, Marek S. ''Nest of Worlds'' (translated by
Michael Kandel Michael Kandel (born December 24, 1941 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American translator and author of science fiction. Biography Kandel received a doctorate in Slavistics from Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana University. His most rece ...
)
Brooklyn Brooklyn () is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Kings County, in the U.S. state of New York. Kings County is the most populous county in the State of New York, and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, be ...
:
Restless Books Restless Books is an independent, non-profit publisher located in Brooklyn, New York. Restless publishes "international works of fiction, journalism, memoirs, travel writing, and illustrated books." The press published 15-20 titles a year, includ ...
, 2014. 1998 Polish novels Metafictional novels Polish science fiction novels 1998 science fiction novels